{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978106456","doi":null,"title":"Risk of decompression sickness in extreme human breath-hold diving.","display_name":"Risk of decompression sickness in extreme human breath-hold diving.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978106456","mag":"1978106456","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19462748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:19462748","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19462748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058334503","display_name":"John R. Fitz\u2010Clarke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J R Fitz-Clarke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058334503"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79273048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":"83","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11579","display_name":"Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11579","display_name":"Cardiovascular and Diving-Related Complications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decompression-sickness","display_name":"decompression sickness","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breath-hold-diving","display_name":"breath-hold diving","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-uptake","display_name":"nitrogen uptake","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atelectasis","display_name":"atelectasis","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apnea","display_name":"apnea","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-diving","display_name":"deep diving","score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diving-fatalities","display_name":"diving fatalities","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776957369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460591","display_name":"Decompression sickness","level":3,"score":0.9637622833251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779480328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183684","display_name":"Decompression","level":2,"score":0.6143054366111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781326671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754424","display_name":"Apnea","level":2,"score":0.6127722859382629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5116463303565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39300077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9530","display_name":"Breathing","level":2,"score":0.5089921951293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.3198504149913788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3053591847419739}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000403","descriptor_name":"Airway Resistance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001261","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Atelectasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001261","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Atelectasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003665","descriptor_name":"Decompression Sickness","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003665","descriptor_name":"Decompression Sickness","qualifier_ui":"Q000401","qualifier_name":"mortality","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003665","descriptor_name":"Decompression Sickness","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003665","descriptor_name":"Decompression Sickness","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004242","descriptor_name":"Diving","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004242","descriptor_name":"Diving","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004242","descriptor_name":"Diving","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016013","descriptor_name":"Likelihood Functions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:19462748","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19462748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:1978106456","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19462748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15952314","https://openalex.org/W77194228","https://openalex.org/W129059194","https://openalex.org/W204951079","https://openalex.org/W301750191","https://openalex.org/W1748406807","https://openalex.org/W1779633051","https://openalex.org/W1847449689","https://openalex.org/W1946411541","https://openalex.org/W2005800213","https://openalex.org/W2045201497","https://openalex.org/W2055029654","https://openalex.org/W2057852798","https://openalex.org/W2127332440","https://openalex.org/W2128761283","https://openalex.org/W2132394822","https://openalex.org/W2146272590","https://openalex.org/W2163078929","https://openalex.org/W2234815937","https://openalex.org/W2253545922","https://openalex.org/W2271470690","https://openalex.org/W2395200291","https://openalex.org/W2403913582","https://openalex.org/W2410390413","https://openalex.org/W2465211265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115854577","https://openalex.org/W1850126351","https://openalex.org/W2199694046","https://openalex.org/W2018876012","https://openalex.org/W3181341097","https://openalex.org/W2062269347","https://openalex.org/W4361017384","https://openalex.org/W2057852798","https://openalex.org/W4409112549","https://openalex.org/W4417427751"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70],"risk":[1,87,134,144],"of":[2,36],"decompression":[3,100],"sickness":[4],"(DCS)":[5],"in":[6],"human":[7,39],"breath-hold":[8,40,95,172],"diving":[9],"is":[10,21,135],"expected":[11],"to":[12,42,74,138,153],"increase":[13],"as":[14],"dives":[15,41,61,96,110],"progress":[16],"deeper":[17],"until":[18],"a":[19,34,149],"depth":[20],"reached":[22],"where":[23],"total":[24,157],"lung":[25,126,158],"collapse":[26,159],"stops":[27],"additional":[28],"nitrogen":[29,119],"gas":[30],"uptake.":[31],"We":[32],"assembled":[33],"database":[35],"all":[37],"documented":[38],"100":[43,140],"metres":[44],"or":[45],"greater,":[46],"including":[47],"both":[48],"practice":[49],"and":[50,55,82,111,128,147],"record":[51],"dives.":[52,173],"Between":[53],"1976":[54],"2006":[56],"there":[57],"were":[58,78,91,123],"192":[59],"such":[60],"confirmed":[62],"by":[63,97],"24":[64],"divers":[65],"(18":[66],"male,":[67],"6":[68],"female).":[69],"deepest":[71],"dive":[72],"was":[73],"209":[75],"metres.":[76,163],"There":[77],"two":[79,83],"drowning":[80],"fatalities,":[81],"cases":[84],"ofDCS.":[85],"Depth-time":[86],"estimates":[88],"for":[89,93,125],"DCS":[90,133],"derived":[92],"single":[94],"modifying":[98],"probabilistic":[99],"models":[101],"calibrated":[102],"with":[103,167],"data":[104,168],"from":[105,170],"short":[106],"deep":[107,171],"no-stop":[108],"air":[109],"submarine":[112],"escape":[113],"trials":[114],"using":[115],"maximum-likelihood":[116],"estimation.":[117],"Arterial":[118],"levels":[120],"during":[121],"apnea":[122],"adjusted":[124],"compression":[127],"decreased":[129],"cardiac":[130],"output.":[131],"Predicted":[132],"negligible":[136],"up":[137],"about":[139],"metres,":[141],"beyond":[142,161],"which":[143],"increases":[145],"nonlinearly":[146],"reaches":[148],"plateau":[150],"around":[151],"5":[152],"7":[154],"percent":[155],"when":[156],"occurs":[160],"230":[162],"Results":[164],"are":[165],"consistent":[166],"available":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}