{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978007386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","title":"Fabrication options and operation principle for single-crystal silicon vibratory ring gyroscope","display_name":"Fabrication options and operation principle for single-crystal silicon vibratory ring gyroscope","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978007386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","mag":"1978007386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.583593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111555037","display_name":"Shih\u2212Chia Chang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Chia Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delphi Research Labs. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delphi Research Labs. (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055763418","display_name":"Michael W. Putty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Putty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delphi Research Labs. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delphi Research Labs. (United States)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5628,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61449823,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5717","issue":null,"first_page":"142","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-crystal-silicon","display_name":"monocrystalline silicon","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-reactive-ion-etching","display_name":"deep reactive ion etching","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anodic-bonding","display_name":"anodic bonding","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boron-diffusion","display_name":"boron diffusion","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-on-insulator","display_name":"silicon-on-insulator","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-modes","display_name":"bending modes","score":0.9309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124634506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486936","display_name":"Deep reactive-ion etching","level":5,"score":0.9045835733413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.8185635209083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160671074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267131","display_name":"Wafer","level":2,"score":0.7597720623016357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7445509433746338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53143962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478788","display_name":"Silicon on insulator","level":3,"score":0.7159250378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201414436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567503","display_name":"Anodic bonding","level":3,"score":0.6950023770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100460472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368605","display_name":"Etching (microfabrication)","level":3,"score":0.6902418732643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5860340595245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501308230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618","display_name":"Boron","level":2,"score":0.4937370717525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779133538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677010","display_name":"Wafer bonding","level":3,"score":0.4699922800064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155310634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852785","display_name":"Trench","level":3,"score":0.4697713553905487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158488048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483400","display_name":"Gyroscope","level":2,"score":0.4588414430618286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130472188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640159","display_name":"Reactive-ion etching","level":4,"score":0.32829028367996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.32557523250579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3238447904586792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2644958198070526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.060296982526779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.583593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.583593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378601603","https://openalex.org/W1991018013","https://openalex.org/W2911898580","https://openalex.org/W2171355665","https://openalex.org/W2048111547","https://openalex.org/W4316494598","https://openalex.org/W4366978491","https://openalex.org/W2763309801","https://openalex.org/W2801610158","https://openalex.org/W2127301090"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Four":[0],"different":[1],"approaches":[2],"for":[3,306,320],"the":[4,41,51,68,78,88,92,101,105,109,133,157,161,170,176,183,191,200,205,211,225,237,249,252,262,266,283,286,290,311,315],"construction":[5],"of":[6,17,27,87,104,182,188,216,251,260,285,289,301,314],"a":[7,31,35,153,214],"single":[8,45,291],"crystal":[9,46,292],"silicon":[10,28,37,47,59,73,219,293],"vibratory":[11,253],"ring":[12,254,267,316],"gyroscope":[13],"were":[14,136,173,246,278,317],"investigated.":[15],"All":[16],"them":[18],"require":[19],"deep":[20,84,112],"trench":[21,85,113],"etching":[22,86,114],"(DRIE)of":[23],"silicon,":[24],"anodic":[25,65],"bonding":[26,66],"structures":[29,172],"to":[30,67,91,125,223,233,268],"glass":[32,69],"wafer,":[33],"and":[34,77,129,169,243,275],"dissolve":[36],"wafer":[38,166,220],"process.":[39,143],"In":[40,108,123,160,210,248,271],"first":[42,118],"approach,":[43,111,163,213],"regular":[44],"was":[48,61,74,81,115,167,221,231],"used":[49,168,222,235],"as":[50],"starting":[52],"sensor":[53,158,171,226],"structural":[54],"material.":[55],"Heavy":[56],"boron":[57,94,121,130],"diffused":[58],"(B++Si)":[60],"formed":[62],"followed":[63,119],"by":[64,83,120,179],"plate.":[70],"The":[71,228],"undoped":[72],"then":[75],"dissolved":[76],"device":[79,106,206],"structure":[80],"fabricated":[82],"B++Si.":[89],"Due":[90],"slow":[93,185],"diffusion":[95,131],"process,":[96,193],"this":[97,272],"approach":[98],"severely":[99],"limits":[100],"attainable":[102],"thickness":[103],"structure.":[107],"second":[110],"carried":[116],"out":[117],"diffusion.":[122],"order":[124],"reduce":[126],"RIE":[127,147,194,241],"lag":[128,148,195,242],"time,":[132],"larger":[134],"features":[135],"subdivided":[137],"into":[138],"smaller":[139],"ones":[140],"before":[141],"DRIE":[142,192],"We":[144,303],"found":[145,304],"that":[146,234,305],"still":[149],"existed":[150],"which":[151,295],"had":[152],"detrimental":[154],"effect":[155],"on":[156,218],"performance.":[159],"third":[162,238],"silicon-on-insulator":[164],"(SOI)":[165],"built":[174],"in":[175,190,236],"Si-epi":[177],"layer":[178,215],"DRIE.":[180],"Because":[181],"very":[184],"etch":[186],"rate":[187],"SiO2":[189],"can":[196],"be":[197,269],"avoided.":[198,247],"However,":[199],"associated":[201],"footing":[202,244],"problem":[203],"makes":[204],"dimensional":[207],"control":[208],"difficult.":[209],"fourth":[212],"epi-GeB++Si":[217],"build":[224],"structures.":[227],"fabrication":[229],"process":[230],"similar":[232],"approach.":[239],"Both":[240],"problems":[245],"operation":[250],"gyroscope,":[255],"it":[256],"is":[257],"highly":[258],"desirable":[259],"having":[261],"resonant":[263,287,312],"frequencies":[264,313],"around":[265],"isotropic.":[270],"work,":[273],"theoretical":[274],"experimental":[276],"studies":[277],"conducted":[279],"aiming":[280],"at":[281],"achieving":[282],"isotropy":[284],"frequency":[288],"ring,":[294],"has":[296],"an":[297],"orientation":[298],"dependent":[299],"modulus":[300],"elasticity.":[302],"odd":[307],"flexural":[308],"vibration":[309],"modes,":[310],"isotropic,":[318],"whereas,":[319],"even":[321],"modes":[322],"they":[323],"became":[324],"anisotropic.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
