{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1977515909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","title":"Intellectual Ability and Educational Achievement as Predictors of Patients' Defensiveness","display_name":"Intellectual Ability and Educational Achievement as Predictors of Patients' Defensiveness","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1977515909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","mag":"1977515909","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3212136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147670119","display_name":"Psychological Reports","issn_l":"0033-2941","issn":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068053849","display_name":"John E. Dalton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322918889","display_name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John E. Dalton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterans Administration Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Administration Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048439968","display_name":"Sanford L. Pederson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322918889","display_name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanford L. Pederson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterans Administration Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Administration Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045125116","display_name":"Mary V. Guillet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322918889","display_name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary V. Guillet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterans Administration Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Administration Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031681678","display_name":"Ivan N. Aubuchon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322918889","display_name":"United States Department of Veterans Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan N. Aubuchon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Veterans Administration Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Veterans Administration Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21073009,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"1","first_page":"35","last_page":"37"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11132","display_name":"Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research","score":0.04259999841451645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defensiveness","display_name":"defensiveness","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-ability","display_name":"intellectual ability","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marlowe-crowne-social-desirability-scale","display_name":"Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iq","display_name":"IQ","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotherapy-patients","display_name":"psychotherapy patients","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-process","display_name":"therapeutic process","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotherapy-outcome","display_name":"psychotherapy outcome","score":0.5899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.851959764957428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994439179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353284","display_name":"Intellectual ability","level":3,"score":0.5748500227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89798072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141779","display_name":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale","level":3,"score":0.5320768356323242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.47328445315361023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167925730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11861940","display_name":"Borderline intellectual functioning","level":3,"score":0.4642157554626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4538199007511139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166047926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170277","display_name":"Intelligence quotient","level":3,"score":0.4312143325805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48561166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347367","display_name":"Aptitude","level":2,"score":0.4225216209888458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993202890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727558","display_name":"Social desirability","level":2,"score":0.4116172790527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.396888792514801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.14085030555725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09582743048667908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000124","descriptor_name":"Achievement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001076","descriptor_name":"Aptitude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003674","descriptor_name":"Defense Mechanisms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007360","descriptor_name":"Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.1.35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S147670119","display_name":"Psychological Reports","issn_l":"0033-2941","issn":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3212136","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3212136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychological reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204603494","https://openalex.org/W1519011642","https://openalex.org/W1983421378","https://openalex.org/W2002326945","https://openalex.org/W2007977575","https://openalex.org/W2017917344","https://openalex.org/W2054153577","https://openalex.org/W2076538693","https://openalex.org/W2089345067","https://openalex.org/W2120996730","https://openalex.org/W2136819577","https://openalex.org/W2154036612"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007977575","https://openalex.org/W2046190386","https://openalex.org/W1528885501","https://openalex.org/W2046325416","https://openalex.org/W2002326945","https://openalex.org/W2095284516","https://openalex.org/W2066640304","https://openalex.org/W1968041455","https://openalex.org/W2007022864","https://openalex.org/W2054322498"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18],"Marlowe-Crowne":[1],"Social":[2],"Desirability":[3],"Scale,":[4],"a":[5,36],"measure":[6],"of":[7,38,74],"defensiveness,":[8],"is":[9,67],"related":[10,58],"to":[11,60],"various":[12],"psychotherapeutic":[13],"process":[14],"and":[15,28,55,76],"outcome":[16],"variables.":[17],"present":[19],"study":[20],"tested":[21],"the":[22],"hypothesis":[23],"that":[24,64],"lower":[25],"intellectual":[26],"ability":[27,75],"educational":[29],"achievement":[30],"are":[31],"associated":[32],"with":[33,48,70],"defensiveness.":[34],"In":[35],"sample":[37],"50":[39],"patients":[40],"in":[41],"psychotherapy,":[42],"defensiveness":[43,66],"was":[44],"not":[45],"significantly":[46],"correlated":[47],"WAIS\u2014R":[49],"IQs":[50],"estimated":[51],"from":[52],"Shipley-Hartford":[53],"scores":[54],"only":[56],"weakly":[57],"(\u2212.26)":[59],"education.":[61],"It":[62],"appears":[63],"patients'":[65],"relatively":[68],"unassociated":[69],"these":[71],"objective":[72],"indices":[73],"achievement.":[77]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}