{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976283019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","title":"Genetic response to index selection for grain yield, kernel weight and per cent protein in four wheat crosses","display_name":"Genetic response to index selection for grain yield, kernel weight and per cent protein in four wheat crosses","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976283019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","mag":"1976283019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192387442","display_name":"Plant Breeding","issn_l":"0179-9541","issn":["0179-9541","1439-0523"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Breeding","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111073759","display_name":"H. GEBRE-MARIAM","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331897569","display_name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/051dzs374","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039273","display_name":"Ottawa Research and Development Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03fx3ra47","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I2802286613","https://openalex.org/I4390039273"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Gebre\u2010Mariam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (present address: Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 06C, Canada)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (present address: Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 06C, Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I4390039273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046805896","display_name":"E. N. Larter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. N. Larter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MA R3T 2N2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MA R3T 2N2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"115","issue":"6","first_page":"459","last_page":"464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.5468999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.298799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.1445000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-index","display_name":"selection index","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-weight","display_name":"grain weight","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-protein-content","display_name":"grain protein content","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-to-selection","display_name":"selection response","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smith-hazel-index","display_name":"Smith-Hazel index","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-gain","display_name":"genetic gain","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossbreeding","display_name":"crossbreeding","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truncation-selection","display_name":"truncation selection","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlated-response","display_name":"correlated response","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.7258061766624451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6647145748138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6060160398483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5541893839836121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.5447716116905212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5310773253440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5215641856193542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.452786386013031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3997219502925873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3658874034881592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10582748055458069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.04924383759498596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.04875308275222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00957.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192387442","display_name":"Plant Breeding","issn_l":"0179-9541","issn":["0179-9541","1439-0523"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Breeding","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","display_name":"International Development Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0445x0472"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11772746","https://openalex.org/W165164550","https://openalex.org/W637271835","https://openalex.org/W1566571297","https://openalex.org/W1966095317","https://openalex.org/W1987552500","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2007316050","https://openalex.org/W2012145564","https://openalex.org/W2014518265","https://openalex.org/W2024293850","https://openalex.org/W2049804562","https://openalex.org/W2057371453","https://openalex.org/W2058431636","https://openalex.org/W2068091731","https://openalex.org/W2070759291","https://openalex.org/W2091869188","https://openalex.org/W2101924605","https://openalex.org/W2102737614","https://openalex.org/W2315099488","https://openalex.org/W2318518731","https://openalex.org/W2320404545","https://openalex.org/W2321658005","https://openalex.org/W2328375366","https://openalex.org/W2991953234","https://openalex.org/W4300957657"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968763511","https://openalex.org/W2083507937","https://openalex.org/W2593020942","https://openalex.org/W2136658661","https://openalex.org/W2792177914","https://openalex.org/W4362666502","https://openalex.org/W4287010249","https://openalex.org/W2290412877","https://openalex.org/W2001372600","https://openalex.org/W813754591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Quantitative":[1],"genetic":[2,195],"theory":[3],"was":[4,55,248],"used":[5,259],"to":[6,17,57,60,233,245,260,277],"investigate":[7],"selection":[8,85,107,191,199,278],"differentials,":[9],"expected":[10,102,214],"and":[11,14,25,31,53,121,125,130,170,206,227,252,265],"observed":[12,194],"direct":[13],"correlated":[15],"responses":[16],"simultaneous":[18],"improvement":[19],"of":[20,34,156,160,181,188],"grain":[21,26,75,89,263,266],"yield,":[22,167,202],"kernel":[23,122,168],"weight,":[24],"protein":[27,76,83,87,139,171,267],"content":[28,140],"in":[29,43,65,71,74,82,137,145,150,219,238,269,280],"F3":[30,45,270],"F4":[32,282],"populations":[33,220],"four":[35],"spring":[36],"wheat":[37,262],"(Triticum":[38],"aestivum":[39],"L.)":[40],"crosses.":[41],"Selection":[42,149],"the":[44,49,61,97,101,116,131,151,157,161,179,182,186,189,203,213,253,281],"generation":[46,106,271],"based":[47,163,200],"on":[48,164,201],"Smith\u2010Hazel":[50],"index":[51,117],"(SH)":[52],"yield":[54,90,103,120,264],"found":[56],"be":[58,258],"superior":[59],"other":[62],"methods":[63],"studied":[64],"identifying":[66],"high\u2010yielding":[67],"lines,":[68],"but":[69,141,235],"resulted":[70],"substantial":[72],"decrease":[73],"level.":[77],"Consequently,":[78],"a":[79],"1.0%":[80],"increase":[81],"from":[84,198,221],"for":[86],"depressed":[88],"as":[91,93,273],"much":[92],"536":[94],"kg/ha":[95],"below":[96],"population":[98,162,184],"mean,":[99],"reducing":[100],"gains":[104,133,196,255],"per":[105,216],"cycle":[108,217],"by":[109,275],"250%.":[110],"The":[111,193],"weight\u2010free":[112,251],"indices":[113,134,208,256],"(EW),":[114],"particularly":[115],"involving":[118,166],"only":[119],"weight":[123,169],"(EW3)":[124],"its":[126],"linear":[127],"approximation":[128],"(EW4),":[129],"desired":[132,254],"were":[135,142,209,236],"effective":[136],"improving":[138],"less":[143],"efficient":[144],"selecting":[146],"top\u2010yielding":[147],"lines.":[148],"opposite":[152],"direction":[153],"using":[154],"truncation":[155],"lowest":[158],"10%":[159],"weight\u2010free\u2010index":[165],"(EW2)":[172],"reduced":[173],"all":[174],"traits":[175],"significantly":[176],"compared":[177],"with":[178],"mean":[180],"unselected":[183],"indicating":[185],"effectiveness":[187],"unweighted":[190],"index.":[192],"(Ra)":[197],"SH,":[204],"EW3":[205],"EW4":[207],"slightly":[210],"lower":[211],"than":[212],"advances":[215],"(R)":[218],"crosses":[222],"\u2018Sinton\u2019\u00d7\u2018Glenlea\u2019":[223],"(C1),":[224],"\u2018Glenlea\u2019\u00d7\u2018NB505\u2019":[225],"(C2),":[226],"\u2018A2P5\u2019\u00d7\u2018NB320\u2019":[228],"(C6)":[229],"(Ra/R":[230,242],"=":[231,243],"70":[232],"85%)":[234],"higher":[237],"cross":[239],"\u2018NB505\u2019\u00d7\u2018A2P5\u2019":[240],"(C5)":[241],"126":[244],"143%).":[246],"It":[247],"concluded":[249],"that":[250],"can":[257],"improve":[261],"simultaneously":[268],"selection,":[272],"revealed":[274],"response":[276],"measured":[279],"generation.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}