{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976240477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","title":"Competitive Absorption and Inefficient Exciton Harvesting: Lessons Learned from Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics Utilizing the Polymer Acceptor P(NDI2OD\u2010T2)","display_name":"Competitive Absorption and Inefficient Exciton Harvesting: Lessons Learned from Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics Utilizing the Polymer Acceptor P(NDI2OD\u2010T2)","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976240477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","mag":"1976240477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/adfm.201401367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135204980","display_name":"Advanced Functional Materials","issn_l":"1616-301X","issn":["1616-301X","1616-3028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Functional Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382345","display_name":"Zhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-4455","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-4455","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6643-1107"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013393046","display_name":"Jason D. A. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8849-9858","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8849-9858"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason D. A. Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002394475","display_name":"Hung Phan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0390","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5774-0390"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung Phan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029087558","display_name":"Alexander Sharenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-0255","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2838-0255"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Sharenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015806338","display_name":"Christopher M. Proctor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2066-1354","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2066-1354"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher M. Proctor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046266860","display_name":"Peter Zalar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7719-0979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7719-0979"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Zalar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709559","display_name":"Zhihua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2812-6648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2812-6648"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077 USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055968109","display_name":"Antonio F. Facchetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-7958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-7958"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Facchetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208\u20133113 USA","Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208\u20133113 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077 USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038604576","display_name":"Thuc\u2010Quyen Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-7517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-7517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185163786","display_name":"King Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ma4wv74","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}],"countries":["SA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thuc\u2010Quyen Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Polymer and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185163786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038604576"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I185163786"],"apc_list":{"value":5790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2702,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98143537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"44","first_page":"6989","last_page":"6998"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10611","display_name":"Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11129","display_name":"Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-solar-cells","display_name":"organic solar cells","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-heterojunction","display_name":"bulk heterojunction","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p-ndi2od-t2","display_name":"P(NDI2OD-T2)","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-acceptors","display_name":"polymer acceptors","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exciton-diffusion-length","display_name":"exciton diffusion length","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exciton-harvesting","display_name":"exciton harvesting","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-absorption","display_name":"competitive absorption","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pc71bm","display_name":"PC71BM","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-conversion-efficiency","display_name":"power conversion efficiency","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-morphology","display_name":"film morphology","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-transport","display_name":"charge transport","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-resonance-energy-transfer","display_name":"fluorescence resonance energy transfer","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loss-mechanisms","display_name":"loss mechanisms","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8243072628974915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17729963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858289","display_name":"Exciton","level":2,"score":0.7555177211761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91614233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Organic solar cell","level":3,"score":0.7394766211509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779892579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912138","display_name":"Acceptor","level":2,"score":0.703144907951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66187686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Polymer solar cell","level":3,"score":0.6397907733917236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.6077861785888672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5893009901046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206991015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192704","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","level":2,"score":0.46345895528793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.4345625340938568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.3547224998474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.34071803092956543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.11383956670761108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07308870553970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.06272661685943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/adfm.201401367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201401367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135204980","display_name":"Advanced Functional Materials","issn_l":"1616-301X","issn":["1616-301X","1616-3028"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Functional Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:1107906","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/1107906/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480972367","https://openalex.org/W1578325776","https://openalex.org/W1721861671","https://openalex.org/W1969817070","https://openalex.org/W1978012971","https://openalex.org/W1979314750","https://openalex.org/W1980241920","https://openalex.org/W1985119501","https://openalex.org/W1985360625","https://openalex.org/W1990642244","https://openalex.org/W1993172535","https://openalex.org/W1993903373","https://openalex.org/W1996209532","https://openalex.org/W1996430175","https://openalex.org/W1999087830","https://openalex.org/W2001831061","https://openalex.org/W2003993704","https://openalex.org/W2005126509","https://openalex.org/W2005306164","https://openalex.org/W2007969728","https://openalex.org/W2008551156","https://openalex.org/W2008981106","https://openalex.org/W2013354708","https://openalex.org/W2013960041","https://openalex.org/W2017005067","https://openalex.org/W2024221739","https://openalex.org/W2028262861","https://openalex.org/W2030106935","https://openalex.org/W2036737374","https://openalex.org/W2038996007","https://openalex.org/W2041952021","https://openalex.org/W2042598019","https://openalex.org/W2044407539","https://openalex.org/W2047499013","https://openalex.org/W2052504022","https://openalex.org/W2053616731","https://openalex.org/W2055582233","https://openalex.org/W2057594988","https://openalex.org/W2058030895","https://openalex.org/W2063142073","https://openalex.org/W2063740446","https://openalex.org/W2071113615","https://openalex.org/W2077715587","https://openalex.org/W2079794299","https://openalex.org/W2079884051","https://openalex.org/W2080200664","https://openalex.org/W2084844327","https://openalex.org/W2086989114","https://openalex.org/W2088193574","https://openalex.org/W2088844060","https://openalex.org/W2089372465","https://openalex.org/W2089775451","https://openalex.org/W2090236798","https://openalex.org/W2091243709","https://openalex.org/W2092063744","https://openalex.org/W2094517427","https://openalex.org/W2095718094","https://openalex.org/W2097511463","https://openalex.org/W2098527861","https://openalex.org/W2102409868","https://openalex.org/W2105751718","https://openalex.org/W2112837767","https://openalex.org/W2115131153","https://openalex.org/W2120332487","https://openalex.org/W2120993668","https://openalex.org/W2122802018","https://openalex.org/W2122856456","https://openalex.org/W2131111377","https://openalex.org/W2135288942","https://openalex.org/W2135826838","https://openalex.org/W2142232502","https://openalex.org/W2143040337","https://openalex.org/W2143957670","https://openalex.org/W2144393524","https://openalex.org/W2146906615","https://openalex.org/W2149930196","https://openalex.org/W2150197353","https://openalex.org/W2151134478","https://openalex.org/W2151209751","https://openalex.org/W2156032724","https://openalex.org/W2156297681","https://openalex.org/W2156476859","https://openalex.org/W2163350887","https://openalex.org/W2163356756","https://openalex.org/W2163539538","https://openalex.org/W2166919770","https://openalex.org/W2167130373","https://openalex.org/W2168879296","https://openalex.org/W2170146597","https://openalex.org/W2171949593","https://openalex.org/W2321412089","https://openalex.org/W2321890295","https://openalex.org/W2325920403","https://openalex.org/W2326085952","https://openalex.org/W2329357956","https://openalex.org/W2330179261","https://openalex.org/W2332041213","https://openalex.org/W2333690418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023295334","https://openalex.org/W2118565885","https://openalex.org/W2759912518","https://openalex.org/W2761279906","https://openalex.org/W1626507888","https://openalex.org/W2095718094","https://openalex.org/W2588060351","https://openalex.org/W2938904474","https://openalex.org/W2972625227","https://openalex.org/W7098412854"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Organic":[0],"solar":[1],"cells":[2],"utilizing":[3,128,147],"the":[4,12,48,58,67,81,85,106,157],"small":[5],"molecule":[6,159],"donor":[7,109,158],"7,7\u2032\u2010(4,4\u2010bis(2\u2010ethylhexyl)\u20104H\u2010silolo[3,2\u2010b:4,5\u2010b\u2032]dithiophene\u20102,6\u2010diyl)bis(6\u2010fluoro\u20104\u2010(5\u2032\u2010hexyl\u2010[2,2\u2032\u2010bithiophen]\u20105\u2010yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]":[8],"thiadiazole)":[9],"(p\u2010DTS(FBTTh2)2":[10],"and":[11,18,43,45,66,110],"polymer":[13],"acceptor":[14,111,132],"poly{[N,N\u2032\u2010bis(2\u2010octyldodecyl)\u20101,4,5,8\u2010naphthalenedicarboximide\u20102,6\u2010diyl]\u2010alt\u20105,5\u2032\u2010(2,2\u2032\u2010bithiophene)}(P(NDI2OD\u2010T2))":[15],"are":[16],"investigated":[17],"a":[19],"power":[20],"conversion":[21],"efficiency":[22],"of":[23,30,60,84,101],"2.1%":[24],"is":[25,54,113],"achieved.":[26],"By":[27],"systematic":[28],"study":[29,73],"bulk":[31],"heterojunction":[32],"(BHJ)":[33],"organic":[34],"photovoltaic":[35],"(OPV)":[36],"quantum":[37],"efficiency,":[38],"film":[39],"morphology,":[40],"charge":[41],"transport":[42],"extraction":[44],"exciton":[46,71,87,98,141],"diffusion,":[47],"loss":[49],"processes":[50],"in":[51,103,108],"this":[52],"blend":[53,59],"revealed":[55],"compared":[56,144],"to":[57,90,116,145],"[6,6]\u2010phenyl\u2010C71\u2010butyric":[61],"acid":[62],"methyl":[63],"ester":[64],"(PC71BM)":[65],"same":[68],"donor.":[69],"An":[70],"diffussion":[72],"using":[74],"F\u00f6rster":[75],"resonant":[76],"energy":[77],"transfer":[78],"(FRET)":[79],"shows":[80],"upper":[82],"limit":[83,118],"P(NDI2OD\u2010T2)":[86,129,153],"diffusion":[88,99,142],"length":[89,100,143],"be":[91,136],"only":[92],"1.1":[93],"nm.":[94],"The":[95],"extremely":[96],"low":[97,140],"P(NDI2OD\u2010T2),":[102],"combination":[104],"with":[105,156],"overlap":[107],"absorption,":[112],"then":[114],"found":[115],"significantly":[117,154],"device":[119],"performance.":[120],"These":[121],"results":[122],"suggest":[123],"that":[124],"BHJ":[125],"OPV":[126],"devices":[127,146],"as":[130],"an":[131],"material":[133],"will":[134],"likely":[135],"limited":[137],"by":[138],"its":[139],"functionalized":[148],"fullerene":[149],"acceptors,":[150],"especially":[151],"when":[152],"competes":[155],"for":[160],"photon":[161],"absorption.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
