{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975448154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","title":"Equality, Wealth, and Political Stability","display_name":"Equality, Wealth, and Political Stability","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975448154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","mag":"1975448154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168091","display_name":"The Journal of Law Economics and Organization","issn_l":"1465-7341","issn":["1465-7341","8756-6222"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045732747","display_name":"Richard A. Posner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132211","display_name":"United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit","ror":"https://ror.org/03fmbdf82","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132211"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Posner","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and University of Chicago Law School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and University of Chicago Law School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166","https://openalex.org/I4210132211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045732747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166","https://openalex.org/I4210132211"],"apc_list":{"value":4106,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4106},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":58.3686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":190,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99853854,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"344","last_page":"365"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.7196999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.7196999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.11069999635219574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-inequality","display_name":"economic inequality","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-stability","display_name":"political stability","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/average-income","display_name":"average income","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-distribution","display_name":"income distribution","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wealth","display_name":"wealth","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.7824346423149109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7297760248184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777152325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108163","display_name":"Proposition","level":2,"score":0.6852896213531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992441151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106442","display_name":"Political stability","level":3,"score":0.6246755123138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.6196052432060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6049150228500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5583768486976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5220258831977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4905638098716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992835060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106442","display_name":"Political instability","level":3,"score":0.4616149663925171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519300510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3915542","display_name":"Income distribution","level":3,"score":0.4486010670661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4430431127548218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4356327950954437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3662629723548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.33796316385269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32568496465682983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07141473889350891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168091","display_name":"The Journal of Law Economics and Organization","issn_l":"1465-7341","issn":["1465-7341","8756-6222"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:chicagounbound.uchicago.edu:journal_articles-5815","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/journal_articles/3523","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064349","display_name":"bepress Legal Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal Articles","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200447288","https://openalex.org/W351517250","https://openalex.org/W1490983209","https://openalex.org/W1508469902","https://openalex.org/W1592607201","https://openalex.org/W1942007806","https://openalex.org/W1977442524","https://openalex.org/W1977877969","https://openalex.org/W1986468170","https://openalex.org/W2004877893","https://openalex.org/W2006260796","https://openalex.org/W2008459914","https://openalex.org/W2008745000","https://openalex.org/W2010458688","https://openalex.org/W2015646194","https://openalex.org/W2037740716","https://openalex.org/W2047835835","https://openalex.org/W2051547013","https://openalex.org/W2060473697","https://openalex.org/W2066823663","https://openalex.org/W2074896436","https://openalex.org/W2107497267","https://openalex.org/W2118144184","https://openalex.org/W2119710370","https://openalex.org/W2133060337","https://openalex.org/W2137695232","https://openalex.org/W2320650493","https://openalex.org/W2487150174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097636412","https://openalex.org/W7098768040","https://openalex.org/W4388077863","https://openalex.org/W2253697353","https://openalex.org/W2049714744","https://openalex.org/W3002869287","https://openalex.org/W4403850795","https://openalex.org/W426728250","https://openalex.org/W7112960018","https://openalex.org/W7052277768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"relation":[1],"between":[2],"economic":[3,20,45],"equality":[4,67],"and":[5,26,35,46],"political":[6,47,75],"stability":[7,76],"presents":[8,32],"an":[9],"issue":[10],"of":[11,16,43,49,55,70],"great":[12],"importance":[13],"in":[14,19,22,53,61],"view":[15],"recent":[17],"increases":[18],"inequality":[21,69],"the":[23,44,56,66,71],"United":[24],"States":[25],"many":[27,50],"other":[28],"countries":[29,52],"This":[30],"article":[31],"theoretical":[33],"reasons":[34],"empirical":[36],"evidence":[37],"derived":[38],"from":[39],"a":[40,62],"large":[41],"sample":[42],"data":[48],"different":[51],"support":[54],"proposition":[57],"that":[58],"average":[59],"incomes":[60],"society,":[63],"rather":[64],"than":[65],"or":[68],"income":[72],"distribution,":[73],"increase":[74]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}