{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975419829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","title":"Relation between parasuicide, suicide, psychiatric admissions, and socioeconomic deprivation","display_name":"Relation between parasuicide, suicide, psychiatric admissions, and socioeconomic deprivation","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975419829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","mag":"1975419829","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7627035","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2550279"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2550279","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027462458","display_name":"David Gunnell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-6470","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-6470"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J Gunnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol","Dept of Social Medicine, University of Bristol"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Social Medicine, University of Bristol","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tim J Peters","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim J Peters","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089166920","display_name":"Robert M Kammerling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert M Kammerling","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jane Brooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.971,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":226,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99412464,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"311","issue":"6999","first_page":"226","last_page":"230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10376","display_name":"Suicide and Self-Harm Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13605","display_name":"Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10272","display_name":"Mental Health Treatment and Access","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasuicide","display_name":"parasuicide","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide","display_name":"suicide","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-deprivation","display_name":"socioeconomic deprivation","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-hospital-admissions","display_name":"psychiatric hospital admissions","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/townsend-score","display_name":"Townsend score","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health-policy","display_name":"mental health policy","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195613447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518184","display_name":"Parasuicide","level":5,"score":0.9475197196006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6660007238388062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780549954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7830165","display_name":"Townsend","level":2,"score":0.6116839647293091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5263082981109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.5173501372337341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.511272668838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5104423761367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780842732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518184","display_name":"Suicide attempt","level":4,"score":0.4909951984882355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13543017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4430231","display_name":"Social deprivation","level":2,"score":0.4428884983062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4329334497451782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.38968104124069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.38235312700271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.2024444043636322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18619677424430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.15362578630447388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001523","descriptor_name":"Mental Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004739","descriptor_name":"England","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013405","descriptor_name":"Suicide","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013406","descriptor_name":"Suicide, Attempted","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016728","descriptor_name":"Self-Injurious Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018709","descriptor_name":"Statistics, Nonparametric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6999.226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393911389","display_name":"BMJ","issn_l":"0007-1447","issn":["0007-1447","0267-0623","1468-5833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2550279","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2550279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:7627035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7627035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:bmj:311/6999/226","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/311/6999/226","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2550279","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2550279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMJ","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544455170","https://openalex.org/W1552893499","https://openalex.org/W1589782664","https://openalex.org/W1866909771","https://openalex.org/W1969383864","https://openalex.org/W1993757336","https://openalex.org/W1994519657","https://openalex.org/W2019233253","https://openalex.org/W2022383383","https://openalex.org/W2025206991","https://openalex.org/W2029633928","https://openalex.org/W2042904464","https://openalex.org/W2046970656","https://openalex.org/W2048040611","https://openalex.org/W2057784117","https://openalex.org/W2061477182","https://openalex.org/W2061916284","https://openalex.org/W2062557018","https://openalex.org/W2063878111","https://openalex.org/W2079733589","https://openalex.org/W2085903481","https://openalex.org/W2088313169","https://openalex.org/W2116592802","https://openalex.org/W2117253876","https://openalex.org/W2133655654","https://openalex.org/W2243340394","https://openalex.org/W2309330453","https://openalex.org/W2416278083","https://openalex.org/W2724744060","https://openalex.org/W3085323863","https://openalex.org/W4310482003"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214208193","https://openalex.org/W2169740964","https://openalex.org/W2138565343","https://openalex.org/W7098211031","https://openalex.org/W2100603310","https://openalex.org/W1977122084","https://openalex.org/W1996434420","https://openalex.org/W2336889643","https://openalex.org/W2114971635","https://openalex.org/W171777433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"examine":[2],"the":[3,24,31,35,117,167,243,253],"relations":[4],"between":[5,67,87,116,138,149,162,180,199,223],"parasuicide,":[6,226],"suicide,":[7],"psychiatric":[8,85,191,210],"inpatient":[9],"admissions,":[10],"and":[11,23,37,70,90,103,123,140,148,151,164,186,198,205,225],"socioeconomic":[12,228],"deprivation.":[13],"DESIGN:":[14],"Ecological":[15],"analysis":[16],"with":[17,49,83,227],"data":[18],"from":[19],"routine":[20],"information":[21],"systems":[22],"1991":[25],"census.":[26],"SETTING:":[27],"24":[28],"localities":[29],"in":[30,97,249],"area":[32],"covered":[33],"by":[34],"Bristol":[36],"District":[38],"Health":[39,251],"Authority":[40],"(population":[41],"817,000),":[42],"consisting":[43],"of":[44,46,53,233,245,252],"aggregations":[45],"neighbouring":[47],"wards,":[48],"an":[50],"average":[51],"population":[52],"34,000.":[54],"SUBJECTS:":[55],"6089":[56],"subjects":[57,78],"aged":[58,79],"over":[59],"10":[60],"years":[61,81],"admitted":[62,82],"to":[63,135,146,156,176,196,215],"hospital":[64],"after":[65,166],"parasuicide":[66,102,128,139,165,185],"April":[68,88],"1990":[69,89],"March":[71,91],"1994;":[72],"997":[73],"suicides":[74],"occurring":[75],"1982-91;":[76],"4763":[77],"10-64":[80],"acute":[84],"illness":[86,192,211],"1994.":[92],"RESULTS:":[93],"Localities":[94],"varied":[95],"significantly":[96],"standardised":[98,104,118,124,181,187,200,206],"admission":[99,125,182,188,207],"ratios":[100,106],"for":[101,107,121,127,172,184,190,203,209,231,242],"mortality":[105,119,201],"suicide":[108,122,150,163,204,224],"(P":[109],"<":[110],"0.001).":[111],"Spearman's":[112],"rank":[113],"correlation":[114,160,179],"coefficient":[115,161],"ratio":[120,126,183,189,202,208],"was":[129,143,170,173,193,212],"0.73":[130,154],"(95%":[131],"confidence":[132],"interval":[133],"0.46":[134],"0.88).":[136,157],"Correlation":[137],"Townsend":[141,152,168],"score":[142,153,169],"0.86":[144],"(0.70":[145],"0.94)":[147],"(0.46":[155],"The":[158,178],"partial":[159],"adjusted":[171],"0.29":[174],"(-0.13":[175],"0.62).":[177],"0.76":[194],"(0.51":[195],"0.89)":[197],"0.72":[213],"(0.45":[214],"0.87).":[216],"CONCLUSION:":[217],"A":[218],"strong":[219,237],"ecological":[220],"association":[221,238],"exists":[222],"deprivation":[229],"accounting":[230],"much":[232],"this":[234],"relation.":[235],"This":[236],"provides":[239],"supporting":[240],"evidence":[241],"importance":[244],"social":[246],"policy":[247],"measures":[248],"attaining":[250],"Nation":[254],"targets":[255],"on":[256],"mental":[257],"health.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
