{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974194673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","title":"Low-loss InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well optical electroabsorption waveguide modulator","display_name":"Low-loss InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well optical electroabsorption waveguide modulator","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974194673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","mag":"1974194673"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.98761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080340937","display_name":"Uziel Koren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Koren","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111655318","display_name":"B.I. Miller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. I. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017586625","display_name":"Thomas Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2858-7010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2858-7010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. L. Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111552552","display_name":"Gad Eisenstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Eisenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111045738","display_name":"R.S. Tucker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. S. Tucker","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106550462","display_name":"Israel Bar-Joseph","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-8400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Bar-Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037701220","display_name":"D. S. Chemla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-9896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-9896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. S. Chemla","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","Lucent"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawfords Corner Road, Holmdel, New Jersey 07733","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lucent","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.5828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":95,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99511638,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"15","first_page":"1132","last_page":"1134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.5863999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.5863999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.2761000096797943,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.07280000299215317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ingaas-inp-multiple-quantum-wells","display_name":"InGaAs/InP multiple quantum wells","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-confined-stark-effect","display_name":"quantum-confined Stark effect","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide-modulators","display_name":"waveguide modulators","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-insertion-loss","display_name":"low insertion loss","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-off-ratio","display_name":"on/off current ratio","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation-bandwidth","display_name":"modulation bandwidth","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-optical-modulator","display_name":"semiconductor optical modulator","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193690875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906767","display_name":"Optical modulator","level":4,"score":0.7259513139724731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7131977677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.6298773288726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5758139491081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5684628486633301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89298294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357904","display_name":"Electro-absorption modulator","level":5,"score":0.558537483215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.5286762118339539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29169072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521166","display_name":"Quantum well","level":3,"score":0.5259431004524231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5241560935974121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90327742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947396","display_name":"Insertion loss","level":2,"score":0.51287841796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191161701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559265","display_name":"Optical power","level":3,"score":0.5073890089988708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163217030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268964","display_name":"Quantum-confined Stark effect","level":4,"score":0.4478897154331207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4303666353225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90596186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747700","display_name":"Electro-optic modulator","level":5,"score":0.4124448895454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22986596822738647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.1976308524608612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74130334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252980","display_name":"Quantum dot laser","level":4,"score":0.16367128491401672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121477167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154002","display_name":"Semiconductor laser theory","level":3,"score":0.1423901915550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14157193899154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.1403861939907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.07777354121208191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.98761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.98761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105243760","display_name":"Applied Physics Letters","issn_l":"0003-6951","issn":["0003-6951","1077-3118","1520-8842"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Physics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977439334","https://openalex.org/W1993663707","https://openalex.org/W1995291004","https://openalex.org/W1996365350","https://openalex.org/W2008507301","https://openalex.org/W2018146885","https://openalex.org/W2021104095","https://openalex.org/W2022524484","https://openalex.org/W2031359861","https://openalex.org/W2038861382","https://openalex.org/W2091236680","https://openalex.org/W2112277011","https://openalex.org/W2136722777","https://openalex.org/W2146281613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094524523","https://openalex.org/W2003216145","https://openalex.org/W4321136069","https://openalex.org/W1996839740","https://openalex.org/W2036418938","https://openalex.org/W2018146885","https://openalex.org/W2160584810","https://openalex.org/W2003764550","https://openalex.org/W1991962318","https://openalex.org/W1999539611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"optical":[1,21,47],"electroabsorption":[2],"waveguide":[3],"modulator":[4,22],"is":[5],"described":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8],"the":[9],"quantum-confined":[10],"Stark":[11],"effect":[12],"in":[13],"an":[14],"InGaAs/InP":[15],"multiple":[16],"quantum":[17],"well":[18],"waveguide.":[19],"The":[20],"has":[23],"a":[24,37],"high":[25],"on/off":[26],"ratio":[27],"(47:1)":[28],"with":[29],"very":[30],"low":[31],"insertion":[32],"loss":[33],"(2.9":[34],"dB)":[35],"and":[36],"3-dB":[38],"modulation":[39],"bandwidth":[40],"of":[41],"3.0":[42],"GHz":[43],"at":[44],"0.1":[45],"mW":[46],"input":[48],"power.":[49]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
