{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1973135291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","title":"Measuring Depressive Symptoms in the Frail Elderly","display_name":"Measuring Depressive Symptoms in the Frail Elderly","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1973135291","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","mag":"1973135291","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8014396"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735781901","display_name":"Journal of Gerontology","issn_l":"0022-1422","issn":["0022-1422","2331-3323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Gerontology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087444313","display_name":"H. Edward Davidson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-0140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-0140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Davidson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Harvard University, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112783626","display_name":"Peter Feldman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. H. Feldman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Crawford","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098573","display_name":"New England Research Institutes","ror":"https://ror.org/01655nh08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098573"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Crawford","raw_affiliation_strings":["New England Research Institute Watertown, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New England Research Institute Watertown, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098573"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8728,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97274665,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"4","first_page":"P159","last_page":"P164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.4381999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.4381999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.25270000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.18129999935626984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frail-elderly","display_name":"frail elderly","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/center-for-epidemiologic-studies-depression-scale","display_name":"Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-order-factors","display_name":"second-order factors","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/somatic-symptoms-of-depression","display_name":"somatic symptoms of depression","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-limitations","display_name":"functional limitations","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-validity","display_name":"measurement validity","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5326060056686401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.483975887298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.4360642731189728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.4165201187133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3641270399093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3478128910064697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2952999770641327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08461031317710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000203","descriptor_name":"Activities of Daily Living","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004194","descriptor_name":"Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005163","descriptor_name":"Factor Analysis, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005190","descriptor_name":"Family","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006233","descriptor_name":"Persons with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006262","descriptor_name":"Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006304","descriptor_name":"Health Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008019","descriptor_name":"Life Style","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016330","descriptor_name":"Frail Elderly","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017533","descriptor_name":"Marital Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044469","descriptor_name":"Racial Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/49.4.p159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735781901","display_name":"Journal of Gerontology","issn_l":"0022-1422","issn":["0022-1422","2331-3323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Gerontology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8014396","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8014396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of gerontology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.919.5045","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.919.5045","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://geronj.oxfordjournals.org/content/49/4/P159.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.umassmed.edu:wfc_pp-1067","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/wfc_pp/68","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400883","display_name":"The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173654999","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173654999"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Women\u00e2\u0080\u0099s Health Research Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306139","display_name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymmdj85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322315","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1895451668","https://openalex.org/W1967974729","https://openalex.org/W1983185375","https://openalex.org/W1983242302","https://openalex.org/W1989420684","https://openalex.org/W1990296940","https://openalex.org/W1992475372","https://openalex.org/W2007906113","https://openalex.org/W2017853590","https://openalex.org/W2031802938","https://openalex.org/W2066462586","https://openalex.org/W2112778345","https://openalex.org/W2118321878","https://openalex.org/W2128205823","https://openalex.org/W2131667381","https://openalex.org/W2149608872","https://openalex.org/W2155363339","https://openalex.org/W2260748102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1933826074","https://openalex.org/W2066579217","https://openalex.org/W1551029662","https://openalex.org/W1972443335","https://openalex.org/W2000540939","https://openalex.org/W3029404268","https://openalex.org/W2909867037","https://openalex.org/W2049840044","https://openalex.org/W2166384003","https://openalex.org/W2093854401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"determine":[1],"the":[2,5,34,38,41,52,56,60,74,80,96,108,113,128],"usefulness":[3],"of":[4,16,37,43,55,59,66,99],"Center":[6],"for":[7],"Epidemiological":[8],"Studies":[9],"Depression":[10],"Scale":[11],"(CES-D)":[12],"as":[13],"a":[14,26,44],"measure":[15,135],"depressive":[17,136],"symptoms":[18,137],"among":[19],"frail":[20,88,139],"and":[21,28,40,64,71,90,103],"disabled":[22],"elderly,":[23,89],"we":[24],"conducted":[25],"first-":[27],"second-order":[29,47],"confirmatory":[30],"factor":[31,58,81],"analysis":[32],"testing":[33],"four-factor":[35],"structure":[36,82],"CES-D":[39,129],"existence":[42],"single":[45],"underlying":[46],"factor.":[48],"We":[49,77,125],"also":[50],"examined":[51],"relative":[53],"contribution":[54],"somatic":[57,100,109,123],"total":[61],"symptom":[62],"score,":[63],"relationships":[65],"age,":[67],"race,":[68],"functional":[69],"status,":[70],"health":[72,104],"with":[73,87,121],"four":[75],"factors.":[76],"found":[78],"that":[79,127],"is":[83,130],"replicated":[84],"when":[85],"used":[86],"scores":[91],"are":[92,119],"not":[93,106],"distorted":[94],"by":[95],"disproportionate":[97],"influence":[98],"items.":[101],"Age":[102],"do":[105],"affect":[107],"subscale":[110],"more":[111],"than":[112],"other":[114],"three":[115],"subscales.":[116],"Functional":[117],"limitations":[118],"associated":[120],"higher":[122],"scores.":[124],"conclude":[126],"an":[131],"appropriate":[132],"tool":[133],"to":[134],"in":[138],"elderly.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
