{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1973083384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","title":"The Environment of Crises in the Nigerian Education System","display_name":"The Environment of Crises in the Nigerian Education System","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1973083384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","mag":"1973083384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/03050069728659","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109675028","display_name":"Comparative Education","issn_l":"0305-0068","issn":["0305-0068","1360-0486"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Comparative Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045756696","display_name":"Cordelia Nwagwu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"CORDELIA C. NWAGWU","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045756696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90292718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"87","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11300","display_name":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13789","display_name":"Global Education Systems and Policies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-crisis","display_name":"educational crisis","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigerian-education-system","display_name":"Nigerian education system","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-adjustment-programmes","display_name":"structural adjustment programs","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-finance","display_name":"education funding","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-expansion","display_name":"educational expansion","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-malpractice","display_name":"examination malpractice","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-misbehavior","display_name":"student misbehavior","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secret-cults","display_name":"secret cults","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teachers-strikes","display_name":"teacher strikes","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-standards","display_name":"academic standards","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-coups","display_name":"military coups","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-planning","display_name":"educational planning","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-administration","display_name":"educational management","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.5640000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779816988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305418","display_name":"Abandonment (legal)","level":2,"score":0.6840437054634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.6311686038970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.614120602607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.5515235066413879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.5453521609306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.511506199836731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.504684329032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4727150797843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3717805743217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35862523317337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3334922194480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2924346923828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2539708614349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.17245173454284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.12178939580917358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/03050069728659","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03050069728659","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109675028","display_name":"Comparative Education","issn_l":"0305-0068","issn":["0305-0068","1360-0486"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Comparative Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"score":0.5385000109672546,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W652287487","https://openalex.org/W2057600323","https://openalex.org/W2092464972","https://openalex.org/W2498395061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2512647855","https://openalex.org/W7216017100","https://openalex.org/W4385548124","https://openalex.org/W2145456633","https://openalex.org/W2586737828","https://openalex.org/W2164302287","https://openalex.org/W1925515617","https://openalex.org/W3015477563","https://openalex.org/W2565914223","https://openalex.org/W2145266515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62,100],"Nigerian":[1],"education":[2,60,113,176],"system":[3,114],"witnessed":[4],"tremendous":[5],"expansion":[6,51],"between":[7],"independence":[8],"in":[9,23,36,58,89],"1960":[10],"and":[11,46,48,72,79,92,94,115,125,128,133,147,168,172],"1995.":[12],"However,":[13],"the":[14,24,27,37,59,80,95,108,120,157,175],"rate":[15],"declined":[16],"after":[17],"1986":[18],"when":[19],"economic":[20],"depression":[21],"resulted":[22,88],"introduction":[25],"of":[26,56,66,82,97,111,145,165,174],"Structural":[28],"Adjustment":[29],"Programme.":[30],"A":[31],"population":[32],"explosion,":[33],"frequent":[34,90],"changes":[35],"government":[38],"due":[39],"to":[40,118],"military":[41,166],"coups,":[42],"a":[43],"depressed":[44],"economy":[45],"unplanned":[47],"uncontrolled":[49],"educational":[50],"all":[52,143],"created":[53],"an":[54,139],"environment":[55,140],"crisis":[57],"system.":[61,177],"crises":[63,148],"included":[64],"those":[65],"poor":[67],"funding,":[68],"inadequate":[69],"facilities,":[70],"admission":[71],"certificate":[73],"racketeering,":[74],"examination":[75],"malpractices,":[76],"general":[77],"indiscipline":[78],"emergence":[81],"secret":[83],"cults.":[84],"Personnel":[85],"management":[86,173],"problems":[87,146],"strikes":[91],"closures":[93],"abandonment":[96],"academic":[98],"standards.":[99],"thesis":[101],"is":[102,137],"that":[103],"any":[104],"society":[105],"which":[106,142],"stimulates":[107],"uncoordinated":[109],"growth":[110],"its":[112],"then":[116],"fails":[117],"provide":[119],"necessary":[121],"dedicated":[122],"teachers,":[123],"teaching":[124],"learning":[126],"facilities":[127],"operating":[129],"funds":[130],"for":[131,152,159],"staff":[132],"student":[134],"welfare":[135],"services,":[136],"creating":[138],"within":[141],"types":[144],"will":[149],"flourish.":[150],"Lessons":[151],"other":[153],"developing":[154],"nations":[155],"include":[156],"need":[158],"democratically":[160],"elected":[161],"stable":[162],"governments":[163],"instead":[164],"regimes":[167],"better":[169],"planning,":[170],"funding":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
