{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972921752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","title":"Individual Emotion Classification between Happiness and Sadness by Analyzing Photoplethysmography and Skin Temperature","display_name":"Individual Emotion Classification between Happiness and Sadness by Analyzing Photoplethysmography and Skin Temperature","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972921752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","mag":"1972921752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcse.2013.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088307","display_name":"World Congress on Software Engineering (WCSE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Fourth World Congress on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100734470","display_name":"Min Woo Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8489-8863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8489-8863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157264075","display_name":"Sangmyung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01x4whx42","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Woo Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054312671","display_name":"Chi Jung Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157264075","display_name":"Sangmyung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01x4whx42","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Jung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emotion Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Emotion Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emotion Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emotion Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052603626","display_name":"Min-Cheol Hwang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157264075","display_name":"Sangmyung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01x4whx42","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mincheol Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Digital Media, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Digital Media, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025004236","display_name":"Eui Chul Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6504-3333","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6504-3333"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157264075","display_name":"Sangmyung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01x4whx42","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eui Chul Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157264075"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6798,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6441082,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"190","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"emotion recognition","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"happiness","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"sadness","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmography","display_name":"photoplethysmography","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-temperature","display_name":"skin temperature","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-fusion","display_name":"feature fusion","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.8960000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.9851428866386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8","display_name":"Happiness","level":2,"score":0.9321457147598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.731529712677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988148770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion detection","level":3,"score":0.6216591000556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5512887835502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.5051148533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.49621301889419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49054116010665894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48864632844924927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4570614695549011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.41922950744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.4160096049308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38521409034729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.3679817318916321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.347720742225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.23641225695610046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.23179486393928528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1635444164276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07639065384864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06332138180732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcse.2013.34","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcse.2013.34","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088307","display_name":"World Congress on Software Engineering (WCSE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 Fourth World Congress on Software Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W362716334","https://openalex.org/W1982827240","https://openalex.org/W2028616758","https://openalex.org/W2039619242","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2113404160","https://openalex.org/W2126015156","https://openalex.org/W2149628368","https://openalex.org/W2155268312","https://openalex.org/W2282981810","https://openalex.org/W2544318997","https://openalex.org/W2944800987","https://openalex.org/W2981613281","https://openalex.org/W2995593262","https://openalex.org/W3140504702","https://openalex.org/W3141077511","https://openalex.org/W3150479828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390490160","https://openalex.org/W2551454490","https://openalex.org/W3162495070","https://openalex.org/W7099028443","https://openalex.org/W2989638078","https://openalex.org/W2032095566","https://openalex.org/W113022707","https://openalex.org/W3161365065","https://openalex.org/W1550212353","https://openalex.org/W3001393087"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"emotion":[1,14],"technology":[2],"has":[3,15],"been":[4],"applied":[5],"into":[6],"numerous":[7],"applications,":[8],"the":[9,88,112],"role":[10],"of":[11,80,91],"recognizing":[12],"human":[13],"become":[16],"more":[17,107],"important.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"two":[22,77,97],"autonomic":[23],"nervous":[24],"signals":[25,70],"such":[26,117],"as":[27,118],"SKT":[28,43,67,119],"and":[29,42,49,63,68,84,121],"PPG":[30,69,122],"were":[31],"analyzed":[32],"in":[33],"order":[34],"to":[35],"extract":[36],"2D":[37],"emotional":[38],"feature":[39,116],"vector":[40,54,102],"(PPI":[41],"amplitude)":[44],"for":[45,58],"classification":[46,60,89],"between":[47,61],"happy":[48],"sad":[50],"emotions.":[51],"A":[52],"support":[53,101],"machine":[55,103],"was":[56,93,105],"adopted":[57],"non-linear":[59],"happiness":[62,83],"sadness.":[64,85],"We":[65],"collected":[66],"from":[71],"5":[72],"undergraduates":[73],"who":[74],"respectively":[75],"watched":[76],"different":[78],"kinds":[79],"video":[81],"inducing":[82],"At":[86],"result,":[87],"accuracy":[90],"92.41%":[92],"obtained":[94],"by":[95],"combining":[96],"features":[98],"through":[99],"using":[100,114],"which":[104],"even":[106],"increased":[108],"result":[109],"compared":[110],"with":[111],"results":[113],"single":[115],"(89.29%)":[120],"(63.67%).":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}