{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972052005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","title":"Microstrip patch antenna miniaturisation techniques: a review","display_name":"Microstrip patch antenna miniaturisation techniques: a review","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972052005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","mag":"1972052005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43247408","display_name":"IET Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","issn_l":"1751-8725","issn":["1751-8725","1751-8733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Microwaves, Antennas &amp; Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107246813","display_name":"Muhammad Umar Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-9187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-9187"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Umar Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020241081","display_name":"Mohammad Said Sharawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4450-8212","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4450-8212"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Said Sharawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058279563","display_name":"R. Mittra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-2708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-2708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Mittra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of Central Florida, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical &amp; Computer Engineering Department University of Central Florida, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5107246813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":{"value":2520,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2520},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.3405,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":208,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98577389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"9","first_page":"913","last_page":"922"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstrip-patch-antenna","display_name":"microstrip patch antenna","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-miniaturization","display_name":"antenna miniaturization","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/material-loading","display_name":"material loading","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-plane-slots","display_name":"ground plane slots","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamaterials","display_name":"metamaterials","score":0.9860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.6717740297317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.6047490835189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110367647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497166","display_name":"Metamaterial","level":2,"score":0.5854615569114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88764893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1547722","display_name":"Ground plane","level":3,"score":0.5852805376052856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5593457221984863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129828019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12326787","display_name":"Metamaterial antenna","level":5,"score":0.45061177015304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4441376328468323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4414825439453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4263593852519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3710687756538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.3512369692325592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2848183810710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2741716206073761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23533210158348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17768597602844238}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43247408","display_name":"IET Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","issn_l":"1751-8725","issn":["1751-8725","1751-8733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Microwaves, Antennas &amp; Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:stars.library.ucf.edu:scopus2015-3216","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stars.library.ucf.edu/scopus2015/2217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172555","display_name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","issn_l":"2576-0017","issn":["2576-0017","2576-0025"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus Export 2015-2019","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:41905","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/41905/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Khan, M. U., Sharawi, M. S., & Mittra, R. (2015). Microstrip patch antenna miniaturisation techniques: a review. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 9(9), 913-922.","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0602","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43247408","display_name":"IET Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","issn_l":"1751-8725","issn":["1751-8725","1751-8733"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IET Microwaves, Antennas &amp; Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1972052005.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1972052005.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W577491741","https://openalex.org/W603968395","https://openalex.org/W649258662","https://openalex.org/W1490586581","https://openalex.org/W1647572132","https://openalex.org/W1877145641","https://openalex.org/W1973747668","https://openalex.org/W1973829149","https://openalex.org/W1978004024","https://openalex.org/W1978382863","https://openalex.org/W1989088988","https://openalex.org/W1995133502","https://openalex.org/W1996204943","https://openalex.org/W2006302674","https://openalex.org/W2010175943","https://openalex.org/W2011004915","https://openalex.org/W2012236760","https://openalex.org/W2017878087","https://openalex.org/W2018088702","https://openalex.org/W2025992270","https://openalex.org/W2037446422","https://openalex.org/W2042538541","https://openalex.org/W2043041333","https://openalex.org/W2048663570","https://openalex.org/W2053536540","https://openalex.org/W2055236582","https://openalex.org/W2056361758","https://openalex.org/W2057583806","https://openalex.org/W2058748598","https://openalex.org/W2064272884","https://openalex.org/W2068312555","https://openalex.org/W2069085636","https://openalex.org/W2074303256","https://openalex.org/W2074439459","https://openalex.org/W2076168838","https://openalex.org/W2077654986","https://openalex.org/W2095049797","https://openalex.org/W2097664636","https://openalex.org/W2104456697","https://openalex.org/W2113791394","https://openalex.org/W2114191463","https://openalex.org/W2120698609","https://openalex.org/W2122535758","https://openalex.org/W2123141092","https://openalex.org/W2123614333","https://openalex.org/W2132418653","https://openalex.org/W2133021670","https://openalex.org/W2139414076","https://openalex.org/W2143658808","https://openalex.org/W2145148058","https://openalex.org/W2145696398","https://openalex.org/W2146467182","https://openalex.org/W2146802026","https://openalex.org/W2147329241","https://openalex.org/W2149893326","https://openalex.org/W2151133363","https://openalex.org/W2160295088","https://openalex.org/W2160767029","https://openalex.org/W2162056584","https://openalex.org/W2165442996","https://openalex.org/W2165831692","https://openalex.org/W2166104157","https://openalex.org/W2417121247","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W4299708024"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3139871662","https://openalex.org/W4301186560","https://openalex.org/W7220116475","https://openalex.org/W4402633503","https://openalex.org/W2902498635","https://openalex.org/W1954726847","https://openalex.org/W2151795249","https://openalex.org/W7011589468","https://openalex.org/W2032183374","https://openalex.org/W2097664636"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,146],"microstrip":[1],"patch":[2,26],"antenna":[3,167],"(MPA)":[4],"has":[5,10,86],"been":[6,11,87,109],"in":[7,65,111,137,158],"use":[8,143],"and":[9,43,47,50,81,131,135,141,149],"studied":[12],"extensively":[13],"during":[14],"the":[15,66,76,92,104,112,116,128,138,142,166],"past":[16],"three":[17],"decades.":[18],"This":[19,99],"antenna,":[20,129],"which":[21],"consists":[22],"of":[23,41,52,60,68,78,94,97,103,118,144,151,153],"a":[24,29,33,61,70,88],"metallic":[25],"printed":[27],"on":[28,165],"dielectric":[30],"substrate":[31],"over":[32],"ground":[34,139],"plane,":[35],"offers":[36],"several":[37],"advantages":[38],"including":[39],"ease":[40,51],"design":[42],"fabrication;":[44],"low":[45],"profile":[46],"planar":[48],"structure;":[49],"integration":[53],"with":[54,75,162],"circuit":[55],"elements.":[56],"minimum":[58],"dimension":[59],"conventional":[62],"MPA":[63],"is":[64],"order":[67],"half":[69],"wavelength.":[71],"In":[72],"recent":[73],"years,":[74],"advent":[77],"new":[79],"standards":[80],"compact":[82],"wireless":[83],"devices,":[84],"there":[85],"need":[89],"to":[90,114],"reduce":[91,115],"size":[93,117],"this":[95,159],"type":[96],"antenna.":[98],"study":[100,160],"discusses":[101],"some":[102],"principal":[105],"techniques":[106,123],"that":[107],"have":[108],"reported":[110],"literature":[113],"an":[119],"MPA.":[120],"These":[121],"miniaturisation":[122],"include":[124],"material":[125],"loading,":[126],"reshaping":[127],"shorting":[130],"folding,":[132],"introducing":[133],"slots":[134],"defects":[136],"plane":[140],"metamaterials.":[145],"major":[147],"features":[148],"drawbacks":[150],"each":[152],"these":[154],"approaches":[155],"are":[156],"highlighted":[157],"along":[161],"their":[163],"effects":[164],"performance":[168],"metrics.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
