{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970808552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","title":"Growth factors in expressed prostatic fluid from men with prostate cancer, BPH, and clinically normal prostates","display_name":"Growth factors in expressed prostatic fluid from men with prostate cancer, BPH, and clinically normal prostates","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970808552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","mag":"1970808552","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10420153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197000376","display_name":"The Prostate","issn_l":"0270-4137","issn":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prostate","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022722673","display_name":"Peter H. Gann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9439-2900","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9439-2900"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. Gann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA. pgann@nwu.edu","Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA. pgann@nwu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076468927","display_name":"Karin G. Klein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karin G. Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044872245","display_name":"Robert Treat Chatterton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-7841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-7841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert T. Chatterton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023637427","display_name":"Allison E. Ellman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allison E. Ellman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077385643","display_name":"John T. Grayhack","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John T. Grayhack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108660894","display_name":"Robert B. Nadler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert B. Nadler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030411648","display_name":"Chung Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-4553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-4553"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039227","display_name":"Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/02p4far57","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147348","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urology and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022722673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I4390039227"],"apc_list":{"value":4600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.916,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84890506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"4","first_page":"248","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":0.8515999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.0617000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.059700001031160355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer","display_name":"prostate cancer","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia","display_name":"benign prostatic hyperplasia","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidermal-growth-factor","display_name":"epidermal growth factor","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transforming-growth-factor-alpha","display_name":"transforming growth factor-alpha","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tgf-beta1","display_name":"TGF-\u03b21","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growth-factors","display_name":"growth factors","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-progression","display_name":"tumor progression","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastasis","display_name":"metastasis","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gleason-score","display_name":"Gleason score","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-stage","display_name":"tumor stage","score":0.8330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.820412278175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9625","display_name":"Prostate","level":3,"score":0.7647355198860168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6711512804031372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777562237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835051","display_name":"Hyperplasia","level":2,"score":0.6324111819267273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118131993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423671","display_name":"Transforming growth factor","level":2,"score":0.5987688899040222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.5426381826400757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776362946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424374","display_name":"Epidermal growth factor","level":3,"score":0.5342105627059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4652149975299835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.45432770252227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.36366212368011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.12475597858428955}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004815","descriptor_name":"Epidermal Growth Factor","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006133","descriptor_name":"Growth Substances","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011470","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Hyperplasia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011863","descriptor_name":"Radioimmunoassay","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016211","descriptor_name":"Transforming Growth Factor alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016212","descriptor_name":"Transforming Growth Factor beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018450","descriptor_name":"Disease Progression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19990901)40:4<248::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197000376","display_name":"The Prostate","issn_l":"0270-4137","issn":["0270-4137","1097-0045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prostate","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10420153","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10420153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Prostate","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1549495588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KO7 CA66185","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1951393","display_name":"DEVELOPING INTERMEDIATE MARKERS OF BREAST CANCER RISK","funder_award_id":"5k07ca066185-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6987113583","display_name":"PROSTATE CANCER PROGRAM","funder_award_id":"R21CA069851","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10135159","https://openalex.org/W1484945382","https://openalex.org/W1608128419","https://openalex.org/W1739206317","https://openalex.org/W1965892837","https://openalex.org/W1966107660","https://openalex.org/W1987072043","https://openalex.org/W2002502311","https://openalex.org/W2006693993","https://openalex.org/W2043540557","https://openalex.org/W2064970264","https://openalex.org/W2092356210","https://openalex.org/W2115597181","https://openalex.org/W2138050968","https://openalex.org/W2163646886","https://openalex.org/W2377987643","https://openalex.org/W2394995466","https://openalex.org/W2412120764","https://openalex.org/W2460711014","https://openalex.org/W4302031496","https://openalex.org/W4361856009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980607512","https://openalex.org/W2128026718","https://openalex.org/W2048622365","https://openalex.org/W2034112780","https://openalex.org/W2959021678","https://openalex.org/W2053882203","https://openalex.org/W2002232322","https://openalex.org/W1966107660","https://openalex.org/W2110669077","https://openalex.org/W1739206317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Although":[1],"growth":[2,7,11,22,72],"factors":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5],"epidermal":[6],"factor":[8,12,73,206],"(EGF),":[9],"transforming":[10],"(TGF)-alpha,":[13],"and":[14,25,53,64,95,120,152,165,251],"TGF-beta":[15],"are":[16,61,77,248],"important":[17],"regulators":[18],"of":[19,51,84,91,241,260],"prostate":[20,36,47,85,111,117,124],"cell":[21],"in":[23,26,34,55,75,97,132,139,161,167,184,246,262,268],"vitro":[24],"animal":[27],"models,":[28],"evidence":[29],"to":[30],"support":[31],"their":[32],"role":[33],"human":[35],"cancer":[37,48,112],"development":[38],"remains":[39],"sparse.":[40],"We":[41,88],"previously":[42],"showed":[43],"that":[44,60,237],"men":[45,106],"without":[46],"have":[49],"concentrations":[50],"EGF":[52,244],"TGF-alpha":[54,129],"expressed":[56],"prostatic":[57],"fluid":[58],"(EPF)":[59],"individually":[62],"distinct":[63],"stable":[65],"over":[66],"time.":[67],"This":[68],"study":[69],"addressed":[70],"whether":[71],"levels":[74,90,207,226,245,253],"EPF":[76,99,247,271],"associated":[78,210],"with":[79,107,115,122,211,221],"the":[80,133,157,162,168,181,191,218,230,239],"presence":[81],"or":[82,144,214],"progression":[83],"cancer.":[86],"METHODS:":[87],"measured":[89],"immunoreactive":[92],"EGF,":[93,156],"TGF-alpha,":[94],"TGF-beta1":[96,225,252,261],"stored":[98],"samples":[100],"from":[101],"three":[102],"age-matched":[103],"groups:":[104],"19":[105,121],"untreated,":[108],"histologically":[109],"diagnosed":[110],"(CaP),":[113],"38":[114],"benign":[116],"hyperplasia":[118],"(BPH),":[119],"normal":[123],"glands":[125],"(NPD).":[126],"RESULTS:":[127],"Median":[128],"was":[130,159,186],"lower":[131],"BPH":[134],"group":[135,164,170],"(0.45":[136],"ng/ml)":[137,143,147],"than":[138,190,229,256],"either":[140],"CaP":[141,163,185,231,242,264],"(0.63":[142],"NPD":[145,169],"(0.58":[146],"groups":[148],"(P":[149],"=":[150,177,203],"0.03":[151],"0.12,":[153],"respectively).":[154],"For":[155,179],"median":[158,182,192],"lowest":[160],"highest":[166],"(92.5":[171],"ng/ml":[172,198],"vs.":[173,199],"175.5":[174],"ng/ml,":[175,201],"P":[176,202],"0.006).":[178],"TGF-beta1,":[180],"level":[183,193],"2.7":[187],"times":[188],"higher":[189,228],"among":[194],"all":[195],"controls":[196],"(6.65":[197],"2.46":[200],"0.002).":[204],"Growth":[205],"were":[208],"not":[209],"tumor":[212],"stage":[213],"Gleason":[215],"score.":[216],"However,":[217],"single":[219],"case":[220],"distant":[222],"metastases":[223],"had":[224],"23-fold":[227],"median.":[232],"CONCLUSIONS:":[233],"The":[234],"results":[235],"suggest":[236],"at":[238],"time":[240],"diagnosis,":[243],"significantly":[249,254],"lower,":[250],"higher,":[255],"normal.":[257],"Marked":[258],"overexpression":[259],"advanced":[263],"might":[265],"be":[266],"reflected":[267],"extremely":[269],"high":[270],"levels.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
