{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969977220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","title":"Process improvement through performance measurement: the balanced scorecard methodology","display_name":"Process improvement through performance measurement: the balanced scorecard methodology","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969977220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","mag":"1969977220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/eum0000000005677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157600745","display_name":"International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management","issn_l":"0043-8022","issn":["0043-8022","1741-0401","1758-6658","1758-7190"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Work Study","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/689/1/322_Amaratunga_%282001%29_Process_improvement_through_performance_measurement.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075448065","display_name":"Dilanthi Amaratunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1682-5301","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1682-5301"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","display_name":"University of Salford","ror":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dilanthi Amaratunga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dilanthi Amaratunga is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dilanthi Amaratunga is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102114726","display_name":"David Baldry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","display_name":"University of Salford","ror":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Baldry","raw_affiliation_strings":["David Baldry is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David Baldry is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105415492","display_name":"Marjan Sarshar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","display_name":"University of Salford","ror":"https://ror.org/01tmqtf75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marjan Sarshar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marjan Sarshar is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marjan Sarshar is at the School of Construction and Property Management, University of Salford, Salford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6827,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93545729,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"5","first_page":"179","last_page":"189"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10910","display_name":"Corporate Governance and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balanced-scorecard","display_name":"balanced scorecard","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-measurement","display_name":"performance measurement","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-improvement","display_name":"process improvement","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-performance","display_name":"organizational performance","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-management","display_name":"strategic management","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-indicators","display_name":"performance indicators","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-orientation","display_name":"strategic orientation","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199004533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210127","display_name":"Balanced scorecard","level":2,"score":0.9830764532089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141571065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771949","display_name":"Performance measurement","level":2,"score":0.7980667352676392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.697544515132904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6187552213668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12532035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399956","display_name":"Performance management","level":2,"score":0.5655555725097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136708423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2940537","display_name":"Strategy map","level":3,"score":0.5399067997932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.53218674659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.4679495394229889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.42712530493736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.32714349031448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.09355226159095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/eum0000000005677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000005677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157600745","display_name":"International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management","issn_l":"0043-8022","issn":["0043-8022","1741-0401","1758-6658","1758-7190"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Work Study","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:usir.salford.ac.uk:689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/689/1/322_Amaratunga_%282001%29_Process_improvement_through_performance_measurement.pdf","pdf_url":"http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/689/1/322_Amaratunga_%282001%29_Process_improvement_through_performance_measurement.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401501","display_name":"University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","host_organization_name":"University of Salford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.hud.ac.uk:28102","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/28102/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401852","display_name":"University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I133837150","host_organization_name":"University of Huddersfield","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133837150"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.uwe.ac.uk:8878","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/8878/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401464","display_name":"UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","host_organization_name":"University of the West of England","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uwe-repository.worktribe.com:1088526","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/1088526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401464","display_name":"UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","host_organization_name":"University of the West of England","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:usir.salford.ac.uk:689","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/689/1/322_Amaratunga_%282001%29_Process_improvement_through_performance_measurement.pdf","pdf_url":"http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/689/1/322_Amaratunga_%282001%29_Process_improvement_through_performance_measurement.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401501","display_name":"University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I54459138","host_organization_name":"University of Salford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54459138"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W562557371","https://openalex.org/W573672536","https://openalex.org/W653013339","https://openalex.org/W1482047743","https://openalex.org/W1499039364","https://openalex.org/W1528749840","https://openalex.org/W1539613702","https://openalex.org/W1558046248","https://openalex.org/W1577379725","https://openalex.org/W1587509195","https://openalex.org/W1596432671","https://openalex.org/W1980586175","https://openalex.org/W2032502997","https://openalex.org/W2126394254","https://openalex.org/W2965516314","https://openalex.org/W3164364841","https://openalex.org/W6634692352","https://openalex.org/W7023754284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2514058311","https://openalex.org/W3046731496","https://openalex.org/W4250461378","https://openalex.org/W7219322046","https://openalex.org/W2128369147","https://openalex.org/W7220506755","https://openalex.org/W3213480588","https://openalex.org/W2941539300","https://openalex.org/W7097820053","https://openalex.org/W21480580"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,4,19,37,56,66,68,83,99,125],"the":[2,16,30,33,54,64,94,96,100,119],"hallmarks":[3],"leading\u2010edge":[5],"organisations":[6],"\u2013":[7,13],"be":[8,72,106],"they":[9],"public":[10],"or":[11],"private":[12],"has":[14],"been":[15],"successful":[17],"application":[18],"performance":[20,84],"measurement":[21,55],"to":[22,89],"gain":[23],"insight":[24,92],"into,":[25],"and":[26,32,35,41,102,131],"make":[27],"judgements":[28],"about,":[29],"organisation,":[31],"effectiveness":[34],"efficiency":[36],"its":[38,109],"programmes,":[39],"processes,":[40],"people.":[42],"The":[43,59],"balanced":[44],"scorecard":[45],"(BSC)":[46],"is":[47],"a":[48,77,81,112,123],"widely":[49],"used":[50],"management":[51],"framework":[52],"for":[53],"organisational":[57],"performance.":[58],"BSC":[60,120],"concept":[61,101],"suggests":[62],"that":[63,104],"state":[65],"processes":[67],"an":[69,91],"organisation":[70],"can":[71],"best":[73],"assessed":[74],"by":[75],"taking":[76],"\u201cbalanced\u201d":[78],"view":[79],"across":[80],"range":[82],"measures.":[85],"This":[86],"article":[87],"seeks":[88],"offer":[90],"into":[93],"BSC,":[95],"key":[97],"features":[98],"issues":[103],"must":[105],"addressed":[107],"in":[108],"implementation":[110],"as":[111,122],"process":[113],"improvement":[114],"technique.":[115],"Further,":[116],"it":[117],"identifies":[118],"methodology":[121],"means":[124],"deploying":[126],"strategic":[127],"direction,":[128],"communicating":[129],"expectations,":[130],"measuring":[132],"progress":[133],"towards":[134],"agreed":[135],"objectives.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}