{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969940311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","title":"Reply to Roberts: cooperation is an outcome, not a mechanism","display_name":"Reply to Roberts: cooperation is an outcome, not a mechanism","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969940311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","mag":"1969940311","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9236033"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157690423","display_name":"Animal Behaviour","issn_l":"0003-3472","issn":["0003-3472","1095-8282"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animal Behaviour","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058991401","display_name":"David W. Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.W. STEPHENS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nebraska Behavioral Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nebraska Behavioral Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063867549","display_name":"James P. Anderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.P. ANDERSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nebraska Behavioral Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nebraska Behavioral Biology Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"apc_list":{"value":2740,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2740},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"6","first_page":"1363","last_page":"1364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.3034999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperation","display_name":"cooperation","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-processes","display_name":"evolutionary processes","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-evolution","display_name":"social evolution","score":0.41200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7532339096069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.7324597239494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5305039882659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.19157904386520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.18170830607414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.14202746748924255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14016857743263245}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1996.0379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157690423","display_name":"Animal Behaviour","issn_l":"0003-3472","issn":["0003-3472","1095-8282"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animal Behaviour","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9236033","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9236033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animal behaviour","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972614502","https://openalex.org/W1988441075","https://openalex.org/W2026651356","https://openalex.org/W2038283901","https://openalex.org/W2057538068","https://openalex.org/W2062663664","https://openalex.org/W2088704561","https://openalex.org/W2152251582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994044004","https://openalex.org/W75578353","https://openalex.org/W2067314487","https://openalex.org/W2090733076","https://openalex.org/W2324056963","https://openalex.org/W1974704103","https://openalex.org/W1997986892","https://openalex.org/W4236769029","https://openalex.org/W2014253896","https://openalex.org/W2513239063"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}