{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969129705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","title":"Patent protection through discriminatory exclusion of imports","display_name":"Patent protection through discriminatory exclusion of imports","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969129705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","mag":"1969129705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00378124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3416249","display_name":"Review of Industrial Organization","issn_l":"0889-938X","issn":["0889-938X","1573-7160"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Industrial Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021303262","display_name":"Marius Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-9417","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-9417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marius Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University, 20057, Washington DC, USA","Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University, 20057, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021303262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8794,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95033273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"231","last_page":"246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.6395999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.6395999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.3353999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-protection","display_name":"patent protection","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/section-337","display_name":"Section 337","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff-act-of-1930","display_name":"Tariff Act of 1930","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-international-trade-commission","display_name":"International Trade Commission","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-discrimination","display_name":"trade discrimination","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-community-trade-policy","display_name":"European Community trade policy","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-incentives","display_name":"innovation incentives","score":0.640999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.7964608669281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776060655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52389","display_name":"Tariff","level":2,"score":0.6629797220230103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6490565538406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5992813110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5829687118530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27416245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428088","display_name":"Grey market","level":2,"score":0.548128604888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5090065002441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30455989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047494","display_name":"Domestic market","level":2,"score":0.47787991166114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777029862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144498","display_name":"Patent infringement","level":3,"score":0.47313132882118225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3757472038269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.3754615783691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.35618725419044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.19930008053779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.19473931193351746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11052408814430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf00378124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00378124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3416249","display_name":"Review of Industrial Organization","issn_l":"0889-938X","issn":["0889-938X","1573-7160"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Industrial Organization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15697357","https://openalex.org/W111646847","https://openalex.org/W1489741075","https://openalex.org/W1536411649","https://openalex.org/W1996423732","https://openalex.org/W2016856641","https://openalex.org/W2023873295","https://openalex.org/W2136050911","https://openalex.org/W2209752490","https://openalex.org/W2993640976","https://openalex.org/W3124201178","https://openalex.org/W4213183334","https://openalex.org/W4372159902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3160028134","https://openalex.org/W2416675635","https://openalex.org/W2183738535","https://openalex.org/W3124949463","https://openalex.org/W1596464297","https://openalex.org/W3206384764","https://openalex.org/W2278890167","https://openalex.org/W2032168192","https://openalex.org/W2105281243","https://openalex.org/W2246996896"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
