{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969075232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","title":"The \u2018high\u2010risk\u2019 neuropathological autopsy in AIDS and Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease: principles and practice","display_name":"The \u2018high\u2010risk\u2019 neuropathological autopsy in AIDS and Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease: principles and practice","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969075232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","mag":"1969075232","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8930948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148217029","display_name":"Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology","issn_l":"0305-1846","issn":["0305-1846","1365-2990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002436634","display_name":"James W. Ironside","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-2108","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-2108"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800150677","display_name":"Western General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/009kr6r15","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324252669","https://openalex.org/I2800150677"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Ironside","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, UK","Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800150677","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800150677","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110028732","display_name":"Jeanne E. Bell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800150677","display_name":"Western General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/009kr6r15","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324252669","https://openalex.org/I2800150677"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. E. Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neuropathology Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800150677","https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002436634"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800150677","https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":4480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4480},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0978,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10288066,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"5","first_page":"388","last_page":"393"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11335","display_name":"Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11335","display_name":"Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12296","display_name":"Autopsy Techniques and Outcomes","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aids","display_name":"AIDS","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease","display_name":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prion-disease","display_name":"prion disease","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gerstmann-straussler-scheinker-disease","display_name":"Gerstmann-Str\u00e4ussler-Scheinker disease","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatal-familial-insomnia","display_name":"fatal familial insomnia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-biosafety","display_name":"laboratory biosafety","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-handling","display_name":"tissue handling","score":0.7990000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780130745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650750","display_name":"Neuropathology","level":3,"score":0.9523673057556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992019943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16917","display_name":"General hospital","level":2,"score":0.6209969520568848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017595490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17006263","display_name":"University hospital","level":2,"score":0.6118409037590027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48192524909973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.32319068908691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3059022128582001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.2905527353286743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.20525899529457092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000163","descriptor_name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001344","descriptor_name":"Autopsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007562","descriptor_name":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007562","descriptor_name":"Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017758","descriptor_name":"Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2990.1996.tb00908.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148217029","display_name":"Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology","issn_l":"0305-1846","issn":["0305-1846","1365-2990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8930948","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8930948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuropathology and applied neurobiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320332","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1041328836","https://openalex.org/W1974282283","https://openalex.org/W1974542874","https://openalex.org/W1999664803","https://openalex.org/W2000342587","https://openalex.org/W2064071539","https://openalex.org/W2072244190","https://openalex.org/W2076804647","https://openalex.org/W2082573664","https://openalex.org/W2086342666","https://openalex.org/W2123957146","https://openalex.org/W2151036708","https://openalex.org/W2153999875","https://openalex.org/W2155187738","https://openalex.org/W2156915884","https://openalex.org/W2164606932","https://openalex.org/W2337078766","https://openalex.org/W2425795274","https://openalex.org/W4239161001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2747352298","https://openalex.org/W2406742175","https://openalex.org/W2055121207","https://openalex.org/W161481657","https://openalex.org/W2070913098","https://openalex.org/W2215098380","https://openalex.org/W2405286121","https://openalex.org/W2007354840","https://openalex.org/W1965586151","https://openalex.org/W104986532"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,45,138],"much":[2],"current":[3,97],"clinical,":[4],"pathological":[5],"and":[6,26,36,49,64,82,95,102,127],"scientific":[7],"interest":[8],"in":[9,106,111,125,129],"infective":[10],"disorders":[11,43],"of":[12,108,116],"the":[13,21,27,73,89,112,133,143],"central":[14],"nervous":[15],"system,":[16],"particularly":[17],"those":[18],"associated":[19],"with":[20],"human":[22,29],"immunodeficiency":[23],"virus":[24],"(AIDS)":[25],"transmissible":[28],"spongiform":[30],"encephalopathies":[31],"(Creutzfeldt-Jakob":[32],"disease,":[33],"Gerstmann-Str\u00e4ussler-Scheinker":[34],"syndrome":[35],"fatal":[37],"familial":[38],"insomnia).":[39],"To":[40],"investigate":[41],"these":[42],"it":[44],"necessary":[46],"to":[47,67,79,123,140],"develop":[48],"follow":[50],"procedures":[51,101],"for":[52,91,99,135],"performing":[53,92],"autopsies":[54,137],"on":[55],"known":[56],"or":[57],"suspected":[58],"cases":[59],"which":[60],"allow":[61],"both":[62],"diagnostic":[63],"research":[65,128],"investigations":[66],"be":[68],"carried":[69],"out,":[70],"while":[71],"at":[72],"same":[74],"time":[75],"presenting":[76],"minimal":[77],"risk":[78],"pathologists,":[80],"mortuary":[81],"laboratory":[83,103],"technical":[84],"staff.":[85],"This":[86],"article":[87],"reviews":[88],"objectives":[90],"'high-risk'":[93,136],"autopsies,":[94],"summarizes":[96],"guidelines":[98],"autopsy":[100],"tissue":[104],"handling":[105],"light":[107],"extensive":[109],"experience":[110],"Neuropathology":[113,118],"Laboratory,":[114],"University":[115],"Edinburgh.":[117],"has":[119],"a":[120],"leading":[121],"role":[122],"play":[124],"diagnosis":[126],"this":[130],"important":[131],"field;":[132],"need":[134],"likely":[139],"increase":[141],"into":[142],"next":[144],"century.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}