{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968995766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","title":"Length of Disability and Cost of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Upper Extremity","display_name":"Length of Disability and Cost of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Upper Extremity","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968995766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","mag":"1968995766","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9531097"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156862075","display_name":"Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","issn_l":"1076-2752","issn":["1076-2752","1536-5948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational &amp; Environmental Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113938994","display_name":"Lobat Hashemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9272-779X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9272-779X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30599552","display_name":"Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/050m4q971","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lobat Hashemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass 01748, USA","Lobat Hashemi, MS, Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, 71 Frankland Road, Hopkinton, MA 01748","the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass 01748, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lobat Hashemi, MS, Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, 71 Frankland Road, Hopkinton, MA 01748","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110156477","display_name":"Barbara S. Webster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30599552","display_name":"Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/050m4q971","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara S. Webster","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083490677","display_name":"Edward A. Clancy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-2523","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0729-2523"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30599552","display_name":"Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/050m4q971","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward A. Clancy","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003962624","display_name":"Theodore K. Courtney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-1565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-1565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30599552","display_name":"Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety","ror":"https://ror.org/050m4q971","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodore K. Courtney","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Liberty Mutual Research Center for Safety and Health, Hopkinton, Mass","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113938994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30599552"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.8998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99457701,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"3","first_page":"261","last_page":"269"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.39089998602867126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.39089998602867126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.2874000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.11349999904632568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-related-musculoskeletal-disorders","display_name":"work-related musculoskeletal disorders","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-limb","display_name":"upper limb","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workers-compensation","display_name":"workers' compensation","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability-costs","display_name":"disability costs","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indemnification","display_name":"indemnity","score":0.7789999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779785115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708399","display_name":"Indemnity","level":2,"score":0.9155890345573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.612204372882843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779396721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184466","display_name":"Workers' compensation","level":3,"score":0.5870444774627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.51715487241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4731028079986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4157645106315613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4064217805862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3723694682121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19875672459602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.19386368989944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0962819755077362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001132","descriptor_name":"Arm","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003365","descriptor_name":"Costs and Cost Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009140","descriptor_name":"Musculoskeletal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009140","descriptor_name":"Musculoskeletal Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018582","descriptor_name":"Sick Leave","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018868","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Disability","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199803000-00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156862075","display_name":"Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine","issn_l":"1076-2752","issn":["1076-2752","1536-5948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational &amp; Environmental Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9531097","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9531097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of occupational and environmental medicine","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.766700029373169},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5263000130653381}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184982434","https://openalex.org/W1983960803","https://openalex.org/W1998588948","https://openalex.org/W2004691149","https://openalex.org/W2012828712","https://openalex.org/W2024133867","https://openalex.org/W2031503732","https://openalex.org/W2041213842","https://openalex.org/W2052156237","https://openalex.org/W2082688798","https://openalex.org/W2087045244","https://openalex.org/W2136093017","https://openalex.org/W2160436401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031503732","https://openalex.org/W2363819572","https://openalex.org/W2043732845","https://openalex.org/W2082413530","https://openalex.org/W7080778485","https://openalex.org/W2012330811","https://openalex.org/W2012690219","https://openalex.org/W4240222011","https://openalex.org/W2080111763","https://openalex.org/W192721823"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1],"little":[2],"information":[3],"on":[4],"the":[5,16,26,72,90,106,113,116,129,134],"length":[6],"of":[7,15,57,68,85,93,105,115,128,133,140,163],"disability":[8,70,136,161],"(LOD)":[9],"reported":[10],"for":[11,42,126,150],"work-related":[12],"musculoskeletal":[13],"disorders":[14],"upper":[17],"extremity":[18],"(WMSDUE).":[19],"For":[20,60,152],"this":[21],"study,":[22],"LOD,":[23],"cost,":[24],"and":[25,30,74,79,131],"relationship":[27],"between":[28],"LOD":[29,50,76,120],"cost":[31,86,92,108,130],"were":[32,77],"derived":[33],"from":[34],"a":[35,55,94,160],"large":[36],"workers'":[37],"compensation":[38],"company's":[39],"claims":[40,62,107,117],"data":[41],"1994":[43],"WMSDUE":[44,141],"(n":[45],"=":[46],"21,338).":[47],"The":[48,83,138],"average":[49,73,91],"was":[51,87,168],"87":[52],"days,":[53,81],"with":[54,63,89,118],"median":[56,75],"zero":[58],"days.":[59,137],"those":[61,153],"at":[64],"least":[65],"one":[66,123],"day":[67],"compensable":[69],"(25.2%),":[71],"294":[78],"99":[80],"respectively.":[82],"distribution":[84],"skewed,":[88],"claim":[95],"being":[96],"13":[97],"times":[98],"higher":[99],"than":[100,122,165],"its":[101],"median.":[102],"Approximately":[103],"60%":[104],"$1000":[109],"or":[110],"less.":[111],"Additionally,":[112],"6.8%":[114],"an":[119],"greater":[121],"year":[124],"accounted":[125],"59.9%":[127],"75%":[132],"total":[135],"majority":[139],"claimants":[142],"did":[143,155],"not":[144],"lose":[145],"sufficient":[146],"time":[147,158],"to":[148],"qualify":[149],"indemnity.":[151],"who":[154],"receive":[156],"lost":[157],"wages,":[159],"duration":[162],"more":[164],"three":[166],"months":[167],"typical.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
