{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968971240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","title":"Introduction: The Institutional Fragmentation of Global Environmental Governance: Causes, Consequences, and Responses","display_name":"Introduction: The Institutional Fragmentation of Global Environmental Governance: Causes, Consequences, and Responses","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968971240","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","mag":"1968971240"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/glep_a_00180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/glep/article-pdf/13/3/1/1817333/glep_a_00180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74180279","display_name":"Global Environmental Politics","issn_l":"1526-3800","issn":["1526-3800","1536-0091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Environmental Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/glep/article-pdf/13/3/1/1817333/glep_a_00180.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026703018","display_name":"Fariborz Zelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-4303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-4303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fariborz Zelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fariborz Zelli is assistant professor at the Department of Political Science of Lund University, Sweden. At Lund University, he is also a board member and cluster leader in the strategic research area on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate. He is a member of the executive committee of the Environmental Studies Section of the International Studies Association and an associate fellow of the German Development Institute. His recent coedited book publications include Global Climate"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fariborz Zelli is assistant professor at the Department of Political Science of Lund University, Sweden. At Lund University, he is also a board member and cluster leader in the strategic research area on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in a Changing Climate. He is a member of the executive committee of the Environmental Studies Section of the International Studies Association and an associate fellow of the German Development Institute. His recent coedited book publications include Global Climate","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003464103","display_name":"Harro van Asselt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-0659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3028-0659"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340161457","display_name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/056x7d368","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340161457","https://openalex.org/I4210154877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154877","display_name":"Stockholm Environment Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/051xgzg37","country_code":"SE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154877"]}],"countries":["GB","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harro van Asselt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harro van Asselt is a research fellow and NORD-STAR post-doctoral researcher at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Stockholm, Sweden. He is also the editor of the Review of European, Comparative and International Environmental Law (RECIEL), and a visiting research associate at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. He is co-editor of Climate Change Policy in the European Union (Cambridge University Press, 2010), and has published extensively on issues related to global"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harro van Asselt is a research fellow and NORD-STAR post-doctoral researcher at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Stockholm, Sweden. He is also the editor of the Review of European, Comparative and International Environmental Law (RECIEL), and a visiting research associate at the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. He is co-editor of Climate Change Policy in the European Union (Cambridge University Press, 2010), and has published extensively on issues related to global","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340161457","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210154877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":50.2989,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":374,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99870261,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13756","display_name":"International Environmental Law and Policies","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13756","display_name":"International Environmental Law and Policies","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.061900001019239426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10119","display_name":"Sustainability and Climate Change Governance","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-fragmentation","display_name":"institutional fragmentation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-environmental-governance","display_name":"global environmental governance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polycentric-governance","display_name":"polycentric governance","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regime-complexes","display_name":"regime complexes","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centralized-governance","display_name":"centralized governance","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-governance","display_name":"climate governance","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity-governance","display_name":"biodiversity governance","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy-governance","display_name":"renewable energy governance","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-governance","display_name":"forest governance","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutionalism","display_name":"institutionalism","score":0.4320000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777616114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47469956","display_name":"Polycentricity","level":3,"score":0.845454216003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.7577999234199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.7041263580322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6118642687797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777682447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3039637","display_name":"Environmental governance","level":3,"score":0.5857480764389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5355830788612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5172656178474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779417324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133517","display_name":"Climate governance","level":3,"score":0.5161272287368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524235","display_name":"Global governance","level":3,"score":0.4959188401699066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189261614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1459305","display_name":"Multi-level governance","level":3,"score":0.48488649725914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47458744049072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.37557584047317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.35290229320526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3360786437988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28737786412239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24721086025238037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19295677542686462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14757952094078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10753652453422546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09521669149398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09231933951377869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.08124402165412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/glep_a_00180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/glep/article-pdf/13/3/1/1817333/glep_a_00180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74180279","display_name":"Global Environmental Politics","issn_l":"1526-3800","issn":["1526-3800","1536-0091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Environmental Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:tpr:glenvp:v:13:y:2013:i:3:p:1-13","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/GLEP_a_00180","pdf_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/GLEP_a_00180","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/516913","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/516913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:14e85535-7727-46ea-94b6-43ea27051819","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/2374148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1526-3800","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1484936443","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://muse.jhu.edu/article/516913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74180279","display_name":"Global Environmental Politics","issn_l":"1526-3800","issn":["1526-3800","1536-0091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Global Environmental Politics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/glep_a_00180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00180","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/glep/article-pdf/13/3/1/1817333/glep_a_00180.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74180279","display_name":"Global Environmental Politics","issn_l":"1526-3800","issn":["1526-3800","1536-0091"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Environmental Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968971240.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968971240.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20634979","https://openalex.org/W47354535","https://openalex.org/W339752579","https://openalex.org/W623388310","https://openalex.org/W636519897","https://openalex.org/W653200569","https://openalex.org/W1495407774","https://openalex.org/W1521188655","https://openalex.org/W1533469700","https://openalex.org/W1535101457","https://openalex.org/W1536750363","https://openalex.org/W1724373066","https://openalex.org/W1963756504","https://openalex.org/W1982347092","https://openalex.org/W1985049221","https://openalex.org/W1989855499","https://openalex.org/W1991966818","https://openalex.org/W1992647995","https://openalex.org/W2002528124","https://openalex.org/W2030271595","https://openalex.org/W2046871030","https://openalex.org/W2050916635","https://openalex.org/W2068805170","https://openalex.org/W2071221943","https://openalex.org/W2085567903","https://openalex.org/W2088656885","https://openalex.org/W2127070925","https://openalex.org/W2128193636","https://openalex.org/W2130387153","https://openalex.org/W2137579151","https://openalex.org/W2138957665","https://openalex.org/W2148843151","https://openalex.org/W2149801243","https://openalex.org/W2156449135","https://openalex.org/W2160160315","https://openalex.org/W2185994470","https://openalex.org/W2199061266","https://openalex.org/W2258275869","https://openalex.org/W2374056947","https://openalex.org/W2478235885","https://openalex.org/W2504430526","https://openalex.org/W2586515183","https://openalex.org/W2790883238","https://openalex.org/W2896029358","https://openalex.org/W2936062325","https://openalex.org/W2952945062","https://openalex.org/W3121299265","https://openalex.org/W3123610311","https://openalex.org/W3124381591","https://openalex.org/W4205390030","https://openalex.org/W4231855816"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484936443","https://openalex.org/W6982584905","https://openalex.org/W7038697561","https://openalex.org/W3123358925","https://openalex.org/W2138957665","https://openalex.org/W2160160315","https://openalex.org/W2147744624","https://openalex.org/W7096377860","https://openalex.org/W4251935441","https://openalex.org/W786767050"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"introduces":[2],"a":[3,35,70],"special":[4,81],"issue":[5,37,82],"on":[6,11,68,113],"the":[7,18,63,124],"expanding":[8],"research":[9,112,120],"agenda":[10],"institutional":[12],"fragmentation.":[13],"The":[14],"term":[15],"refers":[16],"to":[17,23,102],"growing":[19],"diversity":[20],"and":[21,27,31,95,108,137],"challenges":[22],"coordination":[24],"among":[25],"private":[26],"public":[28],"norms,":[29],"treaties,":[30],"organizations":[32],"that":[33],"address":[34,46,103],"given":[36],"area":[38],"of":[39,62,85,126,129],"international":[40],"politics.":[41],"International":[42],"relations":[43],"scholars":[44],"increasingly":[45],"this":[47,80,114],"phenomenon,":[48],"framing":[49],"it":[50],"with":[51],"alternative":[52],"concepts":[53],"like":[54],"regime":[55],"complexes":[56],"or":[57,72],"polycentricity.":[58],"A":[59],"considerable":[60],"part":[61],"existing":[64],"debate":[65],"remains":[66],"focused":[67],"whether":[69],"centralized":[71],"polycentric":[73],"governance":[74],"architecture":[75],"is":[76,100],"preferable.":[77],"Instead,":[78],"as":[79],"shows,":[83],"domains":[84,128],"global":[86,130],"environmental":[87,131],"governance\u2014like":[88],"climate":[89],"change,":[90],"biological":[91],"diversity,":[92],"renewable":[93],"energy,":[94],"forestry\u2014are":[96],"already":[97],"fragmented.":[98],"It":[99],"time":[101],"new,":[104],"more":[105],"pertinent":[106],"questions":[107],"help":[109],"advance":[110],"institutionalist":[111],"phenomenon.":[115],"We":[116],"introduce":[117],"four":[118],"major":[119],"themes":[121],"for":[122],"analyzing":[123],"fragmentation":[125],"different":[127],"governance:":[132],"taking":[133],"stock,":[134],"causes,":[135],"consequences,":[136],"responses.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}