{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968902849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","title":"Recruiting source effects: A test of two alternative explanations","display_name":"Recruiting source effects: A test of two alternative explanations","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968902849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","mag":"1968902849"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764903642","display_name":"Journal of Occupational Psychology","issn_l":"0305-8107","issn":["0305-8107","2056-8142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081295540","display_name":"James A. Breaugh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-136X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-136X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I208333798","display_name":"University of Missouri\u2013St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/037cnag11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I208333798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JAMES A. BREAUGH","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Missouri, St Louis","University of Missouri\u2013St. Louis#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Missouri, St Louis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I208333798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Missouri\u2013St. Louis#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I208333798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103383449","display_name":"Rebecca B. Mann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144530997","display_name":"Maryville College","ror":"https://ror.org/04e602778","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144530997"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"REBECCA B. MANN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maryville College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maryville College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144530997"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081295540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I208333798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20869947,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"4","first_page":"261","last_page":"267"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12415","display_name":"Employer Branding and e-HRM","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12415","display_name":"Employer Branding and e-HRM","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13812","display_name":"AI and HR Technologies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-referrals","display_name":"employee referrals","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newspaper-advertising","display_name":"newspaper advertising","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-application","display_name":"direct application","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realistic-expectations","display_name":"realistic expectations","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-performance","display_name":"employee performance","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/involuntary-turnover","display_name":"involuntary turnover","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-service-workers","display_name":"social service workers","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-differences","display_name":"individual differences","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation","display_name":"motivation","score":0.824999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201280247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032","display_name":"Newspaper","level":2,"score":0.7557457685470581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6191594004631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6173558235168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5616332292556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5034324526786804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4426574409008026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.442125529050827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543847140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2642826","display_name":"Realism","level":2,"score":0.4400598704814911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27574286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Variables","level":2,"score":0.43016090989112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.19612401723861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.09267750382423401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.089580237865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07835009694099426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1984.tb00167.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764903642","display_name":"Journal of Occupational Psychology","issn_l":"0305-8107","issn":["0305-8107","2056-8142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Occupational Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008252327","https://openalex.org/W2005305628","https://openalex.org/W2079303451","https://openalex.org/W1912955372","https://openalex.org/W2032847572","https://openalex.org/W2137501207","https://openalex.org/W2808513937","https://openalex.org/W2621609973","https://openalex.org/W2179303460","https://openalex.org/W2053042414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"field":[1],"study":[2],"examined":[3],"two":[4],"alternative":[5],"explanations":[6],"for":[7,31,97],"recruitment":[8,69],"source":[9,32,70],"effects":[10],"which":[11],"have":[12,50],"been":[13],"consistently":[14],"reported":[15],"in":[16],"previous":[17],"studies.":[18],"For":[19],"this":[20],"sample":[21],"of":[22],"98":[23],"social":[24],"service":[25],"workers,":[26],"the":[27,39,65,98],"\u2018":[28,40],"realism\u2019":[29],"explanation":[30,96],"differences":[33],"received":[34],"more":[35,51],"empirical":[36],"support":[37],"than":[38,54],"individual":[41,89],"difference":[42,90],"\u2019":[43],"explanation.":[44],"Employee":[45],"referrals":[46],"were":[47],"found":[48,72],"to":[49,58,64,73,76],"realistic":[52],"expectations":[53],"individuals":[55],"who":[56],"responded":[57],"newspaper":[59],"ads":[60],"or":[61],"directly":[62],"applied":[63],"organization.":[66],"In":[67],"addition,":[68],"was":[71],"be":[74],"related":[75],"employee":[77],"performance":[78,100],"and":[79],"involuntary":[80],"turnover.":[81],"The":[82],"authors":[83],"suggest":[84],"an,":[85],"as":[86,93],"yet,":[87],"unexamined":[88],"variable":[91],"(motivation)":[92],"a":[94],"possible":[95],"unexpected":[99],"findings.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}