{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968851373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","title":"A Universal Code of Journalism Ethics: Problems, Limitations, and Proposals","display_name":"A Universal Code of Journalism Ethics: Problems, Limitations, and Proposals","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968851373","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","mag":"1968851373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202325945","display_name":"Journal of Mass Media Ethics","issn_l":"0890-0523","issn":["0890-0523","1532-7728"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mass Media Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085560926","display_name":"Roberto M. Herrscher","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Herrscher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085560926"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8782,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9524737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"277","last_page":"289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13625","display_name":"Journalism and Media Studies","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13625","display_name":"Journalism and Media Studies","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.015599999576807022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11058","display_name":"Ethics in Business and Education","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/journalism-ethics","display_name":"journalism ethics","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-of-ethics","display_name":"code of ethics","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-journalists","display_name":"professional journalists","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globalization","display_name":"globalization","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntary-codes","display_name":"voluntary codes","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/journalistic-tradition","display_name":"journalistic tradition","score":0.6039999723434448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119513131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11030","display_name":"Journalism","level":2,"score":0.8010303974151611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5591151714324951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128268270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2264133","display_name":"Ethical code","level":2,"score":0.5036610960960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.48222196102142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.473227858543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780600824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q365016","display_name":"Media ethics","level":3,"score":0.4614165723323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4193771779537201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31799912452697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3074146807193756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.24273881316184998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09425574541091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08790171146392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1704_03","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202325945","display_name":"Journal of Mass Media Ethics","issn_l":"0890-0523","issn":["0890-0523","1532-7728"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mass Media Ethics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/1014041","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=A+universal+code+of+journalism+ethics:+problems,+limitations,+and+proposals&title=Journal+of+Mass+Media+Ethics+&volume=17&issue=4&spage=277-289&date=2002&au=Herrscher,+Roberto","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:239948","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6800000071525574}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51363495","https://openalex.org/W640458814","https://openalex.org/W1854623701","https://openalex.org/W1979324238","https://openalex.org/W6999634667","https://openalex.org/W7023976841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197322172","https://openalex.org/W2263465580","https://openalex.org/W1975741021","https://openalex.org/W2184910368","https://openalex.org/W2943365683","https://openalex.org/W1965889473","https://openalex.org/W2779192116","https://openalex.org/W3197133483","https://openalex.org/W7071486399","https://openalex.org/W2594240219"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,38,55,80,87,94,101,111],"worlds":[2],"of":[3,13,47,66,82,97,113],"economics,":[4],"politics,":[5],"culture,":[6],"and":[7,40,43,49,73,103,110],"communications":[8],"face":[9],"a":[10,29,45,63],"growing":[11],"wave":[12],"globalization":[14],"that":[15,77],"will":[16],"likely":[17],"continue,":[18],"ethical":[19],"challenges":[20],"for":[21,35],"journalists":[22,42],"have":[23,78],"also":[24],"gone":[25],"global.":[26],"I":[27,61],"propose":[28],"clear":[30],"division":[31],"between":[32],"ethics":[33,68],"codes":[34,84],"media":[36],"owners,":[37],"public,":[39],"professional":[41],"present":[44],"set":[46],"considerations":[48],"specific":[50],"rules":[51],"applicable":[52],"only":[53],"to":[54,117],"last":[56],"group.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"article":[60],"advocate":[62],"universal":[64,90],"code":[65,91],"journalistic":[67,108],"but":[69],"point":[70],"out":[71],"problems":[72],"warn":[74],"against":[75],"dangers":[76],"made":[79],"application":[81],"such":[83,98],"difficult":[85],"in":[86,106],"past.":[88],"A":[89],"should":[92],"consider":[93],"voluntary":[95],"nature":[96],"an":[99],"endeavor,":[100],"cultural":[102],"economic":[104],"differences":[105],"various":[107],"traditions,":[109],"problem":[112],"producing":[114],"solutions":[115],"acceptable":[116],"all":[118],"involved.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}