{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968665017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","title":"Long\u2010term efficacy of cognitive training for age\u2010associated memory impairment: A six\u2010month follow\u2010up study","display_name":"Long\u2010term efficacy of cognitive training for age\u2010associated memory impairment: A six\u2010month follow\u2010up study","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968665017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","mag":"1968665017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/87565648609540358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133144118","display_name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","issn_l":"1532-6942","issn":["1532-6942","8756-5641"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045843215","display_name":"Javaid I. Sheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5762-4186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5762-4186","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9628-3169"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204866599","display_name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00nr17z89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799886695","display_name":"Veterans Health Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq41471","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javaid I. Sheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, 94304; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center , Palo Alto, CA, 94304","Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, 94304; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center , Palo Alto, CA, 94304","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028782540","display_name":"Robert D. Hill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-9328","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9820-9328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204866599","display_name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00nr17z89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert D. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, ; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center ,","Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, ; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204866599"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024165780","display_name":"Jerome Albert Yesavage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-3281","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7390-3281"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204866599","display_name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System","ror":"https://ror.org/00nr17z89","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I204866599","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210125474"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jerome A. Yesavage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, ; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center ,","Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Palo Alto VA Medical Center, ; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Palo Alto VA Medical Center ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204866599"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry , Stanford University School of Medicine ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17415455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"413","last_page":"421"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.8910999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.8910999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.08659999817609787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-training","display_name":"cognitive training","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-associated-memory-impairment","display_name":"age-associated memory impairment","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-efficacy","display_name":"long-term efficacy","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-retrieval","display_name":"memory retrieval","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintenance-of-training-effects","display_name":"retention of training effects","score":0.6600000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197792726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191062","display_name":"Mnemonic","level":2,"score":0.9920234680175781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8153733611106873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018842126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11072","display_name":"Memory impairment","level":3,"score":0.5676887631416321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3333604","display_name":"Memoria","level":3,"score":0.5516296029090881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.502485990524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.49098971486091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779407169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072083","display_name":"Memory disorder","level":5,"score":0.46133172512054443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4051589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860959","display_name":"Mental image","level":3,"score":0.45197343826293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498506","display_name":"Cognitive training","level":3,"score":0.44157376885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4285799562931061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4195023477077484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.3855816125869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780566141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3065932","display_name":"Cognitive disorder","level":4,"score":0.3201606571674347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.28081780672073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984915365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141203","display_name":"Cognitive impairment","level":3,"score":0.18369442224502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.16274118423461914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10539066791534424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/87565648609540358","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/87565648609540358","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S133144118","display_name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","issn_l":"1532-6942","issn":["1532-6942","8756-5641"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Developmental Neuropsychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189197386","https://openalex.org/W208048886","https://openalex.org/W562720800","https://openalex.org/W576657853","https://openalex.org/W634263387","https://openalex.org/W1544359545","https://openalex.org/W1686198794","https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W1911640279","https://openalex.org/W1967171541","https://openalex.org/W1974391550","https://openalex.org/W1979230932","https://openalex.org/W1983983601","https://openalex.org/W1991666078","https://openalex.org/W1999808028","https://openalex.org/W2016487700","https://openalex.org/W2025668003","https://openalex.org/W2026051875","https://openalex.org/W2042336469","https://openalex.org/W2045785179","https://openalex.org/W2046180717","https://openalex.org/W2052022550","https://openalex.org/W2093502304","https://openalex.org/W2113516763","https://openalex.org/W2129091132","https://openalex.org/W2329163177","https://openalex.org/W2337274328","https://openalex.org/W2769674583","https://openalex.org/W2801372471","https://openalex.org/W2964138113","https://openalex.org/W3021091992","https://openalex.org/W4205291357","https://openalex.org/W4214542644","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005238814","https://openalex.org/W1967171541","https://openalex.org/W4252569244","https://openalex.org/W4206181307","https://openalex.org/W3086017974","https://openalex.org/W2045988718","https://openalex.org/W2000804359","https://openalex.org/W4211215378","https://openalex.org/W2410333155","https://openalex.org/W4250871108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,124],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,16,34,136],"this":[3],"investigation":[4],"was":[5],"to":[6,32,84,111],"assess":[7],"the":[8,13,73],"impact":[9],"pretraining":[11,40,48,54,60,76,92,100,129],"on":[12],"long\u2010term":[14],"effect":[15],"an":[17],"imagery\u2010based":[18,137],"mnemonic":[19,42,50,56,62,80,94,107],"in":[20],"persons":[21],"with":[22,79,93],"age\u2010associated":[23],"memory":[24],"impairment":[25],"(AAMI).":[26],"Eighty\u2010two":[27],"participants":[28],"were":[29],"randomly":[30],"assigned":[31],"one":[33],"six":[35],"groups:":[36],"(1)":[37],"verbal":[38],"judgment":[39],"plus":[41,49,55,61],"training,":[43,51,57,63,66],"(2)":[44],"visual":[45],"imagery":[46],"elaboration":[47],"(3)":[52],"relaxation":[53],"(4)":[58],"nonspecific":[59,65,91,99],"(5)":[64],"and":[67],"(6)":[68],"wait":[69],"list.":[70],"Participants":[71,105],"receiving":[72,90,106],"three":[74],"specific":[75,128],"techniques":[77],"along":[78],"training":[81,95,108],"(Groups":[82,109],"I":[83],"3)":[85],"recalled":[86],"more":[87],"than":[88],"those":[89],"(Group":[96,103,119],"4)":[97,112],"or":[98],"without":[101],"mnemonics":[102,138],"5).":[104],"1":[110],"did":[113],"not":[114],"differ":[115],"from":[116],"nonmnemonic":[117],"controls":[118],"5)":[120],"at":[121],"6":[122],"months.":[123],"results":[125],"suggest":[126],"that":[127],"strategies":[130],"can":[131],"help":[132],"maintain":[133],"beneficial":[134],"effects":[135],"over":[139],"time.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}