{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968637085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","title":"The Learning Barrier: Moving from Innate to Learned Systems of Communication","display_name":"The Learning Barrier: Moving from Innate to Learned Systems of Communication","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968637085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","mag":"1968637085"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/105971239900700309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183337005","display_name":"Adaptive Behavior","issn_l":"1059-7123","issn":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adaptive Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael Oliphant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Oliphant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language Evolution and Computation Research Unit Department of Linguistics, University of Edinburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language Evolution and Computation Research Unit Department of Linguistics, University of Edinburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":124.344,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99863216,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3-4","first_page":"371","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11665","display_name":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1309","display_name":"Developmental Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-evolution","display_name":"language evolution","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"syntax","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hebbian-learning","display_name":"Hebbian learning","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-learning","display_name":"observational learning","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-interpretation","display_name":"signal interpretation","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-of-learning","display_name":"computational complexity of learning","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7470197081565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6998927593231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.601861834526062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.582216203212738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111437709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277874","display_name":"Hebbian theory","level":3,"score":0.5704640746116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5355181097984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4734862744808197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.44529256224632263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.21725234389305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1743965744972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.081388920545578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/105971239900700309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/105971239900700309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183337005","display_name":"Adaptive Behavior","issn_l":"1059-7123","issn":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adaptive Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cogprints.org:196","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cogprints.org/196/2/netlearn.ps","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401879","display_name":"CogPrints (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.48.2369","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.2369","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~oliphant/papers/../papers/netlearn.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8299999833106995}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22297218","https://openalex.org/W134309601","https://openalex.org/W137532508","https://openalex.org/W181520010","https://openalex.org/W636632878","https://openalex.org/W1509264050","https://openalex.org/W1515378948","https://openalex.org/W1522425142","https://openalex.org/W1596954915","https://openalex.org/W1714490037","https://openalex.org/W1720344338","https://openalex.org/W1733248925","https://openalex.org/W1912737666","https://openalex.org/W1936969358","https://openalex.org/W1965587667","https://openalex.org/W1967011375","https://openalex.org/W1967312188","https://openalex.org/W1975490043","https://openalex.org/W1991848143","https://openalex.org/W1992687343","https://openalex.org/W1994246825","https://openalex.org/W2009720124","https://openalex.org/W2027116779","https://openalex.org/W2033634210","https://openalex.org/W2048618336","https://openalex.org/W2076387870","https://openalex.org/W2080475021","https://openalex.org/W2082622165","https://openalex.org/W2087576091","https://openalex.org/W2088629595","https://openalex.org/W2137352375","https://openalex.org/W2142947219","https://openalex.org/W2144765934","https://openalex.org/W2158534634","https://openalex.org/W2161800831","https://openalex.org/W2162471372","https://openalex.org/W2164287115","https://openalex.org/W2568391206","https://openalex.org/W3036512766","https://openalex.org/W3111403181","https://openalex.org/W3126440428","https://openalex.org/W4251731575","https://openalex.org/W4298336473","https://openalex.org/W4301423373"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522425142","https://openalex.org/W1630058278","https://openalex.org/W7100971441","https://openalex.org/W7100737759","https://openalex.org/W7098503064","https://openalex.org/W2080213916","https://openalex.org/W1734800229","https://openalex.org/W2129547672","https://openalex.org/W7098456725","https://openalex.org/W7098629790"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"language":[1,32],"is":[2,19,23,62,72,93,102,126,132,149],"a":[3,51,84,147],"unique":[4],"ability.":[5],"It":[6],"sits":[7],"apart":[8],"from":[9,50],"other":[10],"systems":[11],"of":[12,31,38,109,118,129,143],"communication":[13,54,122],"in":[14,48,80,139],"two":[15],"striking":[16],"ways:":[17],"it":[18,22,101,125],"syntactic,":[20],"and":[21,82],"learned.":[24,63],"While":[25],"most":[26],"approaches":[27],"to":[28,56,74,95,113,134,151],"the":[29,36,43,76,105,116,127,141],"evolution":[30,37],"have":[33],"focused":[34],"on":[35],"syntax,":[39],"this":[40,99],"paper":[41],"explores":[42],"computational":[44,77,107],"issues":[45],"that":[46,61,104,131],"arise":[47],"shifting":[49],"simple":[52,59,85,120],"innate":[53],"system":[55],"an":[57,68],"equally":[58],"one":[60],"Associative":[64],"network":[65],"learning":[66,70,92,110],"within":[67],"observational":[69],"paradigm":[71],"used":[73],"explore":[75],"difficulties":[78],"involved":[79],"establishing":[81],"maintaining":[83],"learned":[86,121],"communica":[87],"tion":[88],"system.":[89],"Because":[90],"Hebbian":[91],"found":[94],"be":[96,135],"sufficient":[97],"for":[98,115],"task,":[100],"proposed":[103],"basic":[106],"demands":[108],"are":[111],"unlikely":[112],"account":[114],"rarity":[117],"even":[119],"systems.":[123],"Instead,":[124],"problem":[128,142],"*observing*":[130],"likely":[133],"cen":[136],"tral":[137],"\u2014":[138],"particular":[140],"determining":[144],"what":[145],"meaning":[146],"signal":[148],"intended":[150],"convey.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
