{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968227146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","title":"Risk capital financing and the separation of ownership and control in business groups","display_name":"Risk capital financing and the separation of ownership and control in business groups","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968227146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","mag":"1968227146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2876017","display_name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","issn_l":"0378-4266","issn":["0378-4266","1872-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Francesco Brioschi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Brioschi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042068336","display_name":"Luigi Buzzacchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-6665","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-6665"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Buzzacchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060857602","display_name":"Massimo G. Colombo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-1565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0373-1565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo G. Colombo","raw_affiliation_strings":["CTS \u2014 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CTS \u2014 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3340,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3340},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9463,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89478811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4-5","first_page":"747","last_page":"772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12675","display_name":"Financial Reporting and Valuation Research","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-groups","display_name":"corporate groups","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-shareholding","display_name":"cross-shareholding","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/separation-of-ownership-and-control","display_name":"separation of ownership and control","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-capital","display_name":"risk capital","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-raising","display_name":"capital raising","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-valuation","display_name":"business valuation","score":0.6039999723434448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120757647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381136","display_name":"Shareholder","level":3,"score":0.6922566890716553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5821813941001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5719305276870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.5151757001876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4666718542575836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.457009881734848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43927842378616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.42963433265686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3497017025947571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34074586629867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.32371091842651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.2717536687850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.08713346719741821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4266(89)90040-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2876017","display_name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","issn_l":"0378-4266","issn":["0378-4266","1872-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-1","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Banking & Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:13:y:1989:i:4-5:p:747-772","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378-4266(89)90040-X","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.polito.it:11583/1397869","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11583/1397869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055329","display_name":"PORTO@Iris","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:1397869","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/1397869/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:0378-4266","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/661289","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11311/661289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187608313","https://openalex.org/W586077617","https://openalex.org/W1490288128","https://openalex.org/W1490970913","https://openalex.org/W1551134357","https://openalex.org/W1551522432","https://openalex.org/W1689435944","https://openalex.org/W1929713391","https://openalex.org/W1973308529","https://openalex.org/W2017883059","https://openalex.org/W2058266280","https://openalex.org/W2081673700","https://openalex.org/W2162448899","https://openalex.org/W2171798971","https://openalex.org/W2736506719","https://openalex.org/W4296154161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384644931","https://openalex.org/W2612062360","https://openalex.org/W3014898947","https://openalex.org/W1977334878","https://openalex.org/W3177460641","https://openalex.org/W7056917136","https://openalex.org/W2146562852","https://openalex.org/W3125786443","https://openalex.org/W2035900696","https://openalex.org/W3004436426"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}