{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968175245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","title":"A modified interior penalty algorithm for the optimization of structures subjected to multiple independent load cases","display_name":"A modified interior penalty algorithm for the optimization of structures subjected to multiple independent load cases","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968175245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","mag":"1968175245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111482492","display_name":"Computers & Structures","issn_l":"0045-7949","issn":["0045-7949","1879-2243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003708066","display_name":"Balakrishna Haridas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-6353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-6353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157565","display_name":"Stress Engineering Services (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04j65k592","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157565"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Haridas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stress Engineering Services Inc., 415 Glensprings Drive, Suite 200, Cincinnati, OH 45246, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stress Engineering Services Inc., 415 Glensprings Drive, Suite 200, Cincinnati, OH 45246, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157565"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022267081","display_name":"William Keith Rule","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.K. Rule","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003708066"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157565"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1191,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86025385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"1","first_page":"69","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11115","display_name":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11115","display_name":"Topology Optimization in Engineering","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11870","display_name":"Structural Analysis and Optimization","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-optimization","display_name":"structural optimization","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-load-cases","display_name":"multiple load cases","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penalty-function","display_name":"penalty method","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-minimization","display_name":"weight minimization","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-reinforced-laminates","display_name":"fiber-reinforced laminates","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6700767874717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778945305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865502","display_name":"Minimum weight","level":2,"score":0.604475736618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6180225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3411771","display_name":"Penalty method","level":2,"score":0.5619382262229919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4876757860183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48715850710868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4673521816730499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.45702028274536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3068932890892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.26714596152305603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12753957509994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(95)00391-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111482492","display_name":"Computers & Structures","issn_l":"0045-7949","issn":["0045-7949","1879-2243"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computers & Structures","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520216061","https://openalex.org/W1609165486","https://openalex.org/W1677824830","https://openalex.org/W1984082122","https://openalex.org/W1990160334","https://openalex.org/W1991740776","https://openalex.org/W2008422934","https://openalex.org/W2014746566","https://openalex.org/W2032356445","https://openalex.org/W2040407605","https://openalex.org/W2054368065","https://openalex.org/W2058291151","https://openalex.org/W2062353749","https://openalex.org/W2069581665","https://openalex.org/W2078161340","https://openalex.org/W2078485771","https://openalex.org/W2082662774","https://openalex.org/W2087316142","https://openalex.org/W2093727015","https://openalex.org/W2153969300","https://openalex.org/W2326806701","https://openalex.org/W2798766386","https://openalex.org/W3142300713","https://openalex.org/W3147852750","https://openalex.org/W4396738453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998907507","https://openalex.org/W2580114909","https://openalex.org/W1973914700","https://openalex.org/W2626532929","https://openalex.org/W2080630570","https://openalex.org/W2033113414","https://openalex.org/W43648643","https://openalex.org/W2353597982","https://openalex.org/W2138946370","https://openalex.org/W2045914710"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}