{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968107265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","title":"Quantitative Assessment of Differential Sensory Nerve Block after Lidocaine Spinal Anesthesia","display_name":"Quantitative Assessment of Differential Sensory Nerve Block after Lidocaine Spinal Anesthesia","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968107265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","mag":"1968107265","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7832336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/82/1/60/389789/0000542-199501000-00009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/82/1/60/389789/0000542-199501000-00009.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046669672","display_name":"Spencer Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317886745","display_name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cm2cb35","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745","https://openalex.org/I2802797007","https://openalex.org/I4210118434"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spencer Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98111","Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","Reprints will not be available"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98111","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints will not be available","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017800300","display_name":"Dan J. Kopacz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317886745","display_name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cm2cb35","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745","https://openalex.org/I2802797007","https://openalex.org/I4210118434"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan\u00a0J. Kopacz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Address correspondence to Dr. Liu: Department of Anesthesiology. Virginia Mason Medical Center. 1 100 Ninth Avenue, P.O. Box 900, Seattle, Washington 98111","Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","Reprints will not be available"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Address correspondence to Dr. Liu: Department of Anesthesiology. Virginia Mason Medical Center. 1 100 Ninth Avenue, P.O. Box 900, Seattle, Washington 98111","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints will not be available","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109314093","display_name":"Randall L. Carpenter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317886745","display_name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cm2cb35","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745","https://openalex.org/I2802797007","https://openalex.org/I4210118434"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall\u00a0L. Carpenter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Address correspondence to Dr. Liu: Department of Anesthesiology. Virginia Mason Medical Center. 1 100 Ninth Avenue, P.O. Box 900, Seattle, Washington 98111","Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","Reprints will not be available"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Address correspondence to Dr. Liu: Department of Anesthesiology. Virginia Mason Medical Center. 1 100 Ninth Avenue, P.O. Box 900, Seattle, Washington 98111","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Submitted for publication August 16, 1994. Accepted for publication September 18, 1994","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reprints will not be available","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317886745"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0393,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98118749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"1","first_page":"60","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11840","display_name":"Pain Management and Treatment","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abeta-fibers","display_name":"A\u03b2 fibers","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-delta-fibers","display_name":"A-delta fibers","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-fibers","display_name":"C-fibers","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-sensory-testing","display_name":"quantitative sensory testing","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-perception-threshold","display_name":"current perception threshold","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-recovery","display_name":"sensory recovery","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-sensation","display_name":"cold sensation","score":0.7950000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8564088940620422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216935","display_name":"Lidocaine","level":2,"score":0.8501231670379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.8043427467346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992886682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282736","display_name":"Spinal anesthesia","level":2,"score":0.575050950050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130093455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173253","display_name":"Sensation","level":2,"score":0.5720654726028442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94487597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101","display_name":"Sensory system","level":2,"score":0.44657108187675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777197265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4379667","display_name":"Nerve block","level":2,"score":0.43110862374305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0718020498752594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000762","descriptor_name":"Anesthesia Recovery Period","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000775","descriptor_name":"Anesthesia, Spinal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003080","descriptor_name":"Cold Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004056","descriptor_name":"Differential Threshold","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008012","descriptor_name":"Lidocaine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009407","descriptor_name":"Nerve Block","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017950","descriptor_name":"Ganglia, Sensory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/82/1/60/389789/0000542-199501000-00009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7832336","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7832336","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199501000-00009","pdf_url":"https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/82/1/60/389789/0000542-199501000-00009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124035732","display_name":"Anesthesiology","issn_l":"0003-3022","issn":["0003-3022","1528-1175"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anesthesiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.46000000834465027}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968107265.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1968107265.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965124704","https://openalex.org/W1977807622","https://openalex.org/W1980636104","https://openalex.org/W1993336204","https://openalex.org/W1996319623","https://openalex.org/W2003368324","https://openalex.org/W2025087993","https://openalex.org/W2039646164","https://openalex.org/W2072749656","https://openalex.org/W2075103579","https://openalex.org/W2119138188","https://openalex.org/W2151256189","https://openalex.org/W2154317808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985630701","https://openalex.org/W1524871456","https://openalex.org/W2062384531","https://openalex.org/W2096368706","https://openalex.org/W2751538262","https://openalex.org/W1996319623","https://openalex.org/W2716123530","https://openalex.org/W2084127519","https://openalex.org/W7008825607","https://openalex.org/W2049468117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Recent":[1],"technology":[2],"allows":[3],"for":[4,226],"quantitative":[5],"and":[6,14,44,57,88,97,110,122,161,173,196,229,260],"selective":[7],"measurement":[8],"of":[9,26,35,51,59,156,166,168,179,206,208,214,255,264,275],"A":[10,12,93,95,169,171,215,227,256,258,265],"beta,":[11,94,170,257],"delta,":[13,96,172,259],"C":[15,98,174,230,261],"fiber":[16],"nerve":[17],"transmission.":[18],"To":[19],"gain":[20],"further":[21],"insight":[22],"into":[23],"the":[24,33,153],"physiology":[25],"differential":[27],"block":[28,149,245],"after":[29,114,129,144],"lidocaine":[30,71,77],"spinal":[31,72,115,130,145,247],"anesthesia,":[32],"function":[34,167],"these":[36,45],"different":[37,252],"fibers":[38,175,231],"was":[39,137,150],"quantitatively":[40],"measured":[41],"over":[42],"time,":[43],"measurements":[46],"were":[47,101,124,232],"correlated":[48,176,272],"with":[49,74,177,273,280],"regression":[50],"anesthesia":[52,73,210,248,277],"to":[53,64,119,133,158,181,212,220,235,251,270],"pinprick,":[54,120,160],"touch,":[55,121,159],"cold,":[56],"tolerance":[58,207],"tetanic":[60,134],"electrical":[61,135,282],"current":[62,82,217,223,267],"(equivalent":[63],"surgical":[65,209,276],"incision).":[66],"METHODS:":[67],"Six":[68],"volunteers":[69],"received":[70],"50":[75],"mg":[76],"(5%":[78],"in":[79],"dextrose).":[80],"Cutaneous":[81],"perception":[83,218,224,268],"thresholds":[84,219,225,269],"at":[85,103,139,163],"2,000,":[86],"250,":[87],"5":[89,127],"Hz,":[90],"which":[91],"stimulate":[92],"fibers,":[99],"respectively,":[100],"determined":[102],"L2-L3":[104,140],"(medial":[105],"aspect":[106],"above":[107],"knee)":[108],"before":[109],"every":[111,126,141],"10":[112,142],"min":[113,128,143],"anesthesia.":[116,131,146],"Dermatomal":[117],"levels":[118],"cold":[123,162,197],"assessed":[125,138,279],"Tolerance":[132],"stimulus":[136],"RESULTS:":[147],"Differential":[148,243],"demonstrated":[151],"by":[152],"sequential":[154],"return":[155,178,213],"sensation":[157,180],"L2-L3.":[164],"Recovery":[165],"touch":[182],"(R2":[183,190,198],"=":[184,187,191,194,199,202,240],"0.7,":[185],"p":[186,193,201],"0.03),":[188],"pinprick":[189],"0.75,":[192],"0.02),":[195],"0.67,":[200],"0.04)":[203],"respectively.":[204],"Loss":[205],"corresponded":[211],"beta":[216,266],"baseline,":[221],"whereas":[222],"delta":[228],"still":[233],"increased":[234],"greater":[236],"than":[237],"baseline":[238,271],"(p":[239],"0.025).":[241],"CONCLUSIONS:":[242],"sensory":[244],"during":[246],"is":[249],"due":[250],"recovery":[253],"profiles":[254],"fibers.":[262],"Return":[263],"duration":[274],"as":[278],"an":[281],"stimulation":[283],"model.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}