{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968100302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","title":"Sand\u2013rubber mixtures (large rubber chips)","display_name":"Sand\u2013rubber mixtures (large rubber chips)","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968100302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","mag":"1968100302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1139/t08-070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105963835","display_name":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","issn_l":"0008-3674","issn":["0008-3674","1208-6010"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000207950","display_name":"Hyeon-Kook Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-2649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-2649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.-K. Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076335447","display_name":"Juan Carlos Santamarina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-2827","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-2827"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110273157","display_name":"Kookmin University","ror":"https://ror.org/0049erg63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. C. Santamarina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110273157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5053,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":245,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97621605,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"10","first_page":"1457","last_page":"1466"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.7271000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.7271000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.2533999979496002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sand-rubber-mixtures","display_name":"sand-rubber mixtures","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granular-mixtures","display_name":"granular mixtures","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-strain-shear-modulus","display_name":"small-strain shear modulus","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constrained-modulus","display_name":"constrained modulus","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-wave-velocity","display_name":"shear wave velocity","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-fraction-effects","display_name":"volume fraction effects","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-size-ratio","display_name":"particle size ratio","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-theory","display_name":"mixture theory","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bender-element","display_name":"bender element","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oedometer-tests","display_name":"oedometer tests","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176933379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131877","display_name":"Natural rubber","level":2,"score":0.9283105134963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6553317308425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6096476316452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41279357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461466","display_name":"Shear modulus","level":2,"score":0.5941500067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5795451998710632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150700348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11014850","display_name":"Oedometer test","level":3,"score":0.5221909880638123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193867417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889814","display_name":"Modulus","level":2,"score":0.4883989691734314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65590680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909482","display_name":"Volume fraction","level":2,"score":0.4759542644023895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4678680896759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.4657875597476959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4547805190086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21141959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657936","display_name":"Shear stress","level":2,"score":0.4492107033729553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4268399477005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.39133962988853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.24279040098190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.09043765068054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1139/t08-070","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/t08-070","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105963835","display_name":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","issn_l":"0008-3674","issn":["0008-3674","1208-6010"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312929","host_organization_name":"Canadian Science Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312929"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Canadian Science Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310562","display_name":"Goizueta Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04fjhg511"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15242090","https://openalex.org/W47878927","https://openalex.org/W616818680","https://openalex.org/W630009824","https://openalex.org/W1497732694","https://openalex.org/W1510187318","https://openalex.org/W1559531067","https://openalex.org/W1930206812","https://openalex.org/W1965531187","https://openalex.org/W1974554324","https://openalex.org/W1989197333","https://openalex.org/W2010244320","https://openalex.org/W2013737272","https://openalex.org/W2014950347","https://openalex.org/W2020157396","https://openalex.org/W2035226560","https://openalex.org/W2035504930","https://openalex.org/W2036815360","https://openalex.org/W2040154471","https://openalex.org/W2051278241","https://openalex.org/W2052380058","https://openalex.org/W2059504892","https://openalex.org/W2087248575","https://openalex.org/W2093318740","https://openalex.org/W2097877833","https://openalex.org/W2108591021","https://openalex.org/W2109964155","https://openalex.org/W2143254258","https://openalex.org/W2167304533","https://openalex.org/W2751716018","https://openalex.org/W6600609427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121294016","https://openalex.org/W1577677181","https://openalex.org/W2477915190","https://openalex.org/W2489299007","https://openalex.org/W2335488100","https://openalex.org/W3084023715","https://openalex.org/W2040154471","https://openalex.org/W305135713","https://openalex.org/W2093925529","https://openalex.org/W2303679470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mixtures":[0],"of":[1,50,57,74,95,110,156,188,199],"small":[2,178],"rigid":[3],"sand":[4,64,104,215],"particles":[5,10,76,97,180,216],"Dsand":[6],"large":[7,91],"soft":[8,209],"rubber":[9,75,83,96,111,179,210],"Drare":[11],"prepared":[12],"at":[13,86],"different":[14],"volume":[15,72,220],"fractions":[16],"and":[17,23,53,93,149,171,194,212],"tested":[18],"to":[19],"investigate":[20],"their":[21,219],"small-strain":[22,118],"zero-lateral":[24],"strain":[25],"responses":[26],"(Dr":[27,168,181],"/Ds\u2248":[28,169],"10).":[29],"Both":[30],"data":[31],"sets":[32],"are":[33,45,153],"simultaneously":[34],"gathered":[35],"in":[36,47,102,116,122,126,133,143,161],"an":[37],"oedometer":[38],"cell":[39],"instrumented":[40],"with":[41,54,128,177],"bender":[42],"elements.":[43],"Data":[44],"analyzed":[46],"the":[48,55,63,67,71,82,103,107,137,157,186,195,204,208,213],"context":[49],"mixture":[51,68],"theory":[52],"aid":[56],"numerical":[58],"simulations.":[59],"Results":[60,164],"show":[61,184],"that":[62,185],"skeleton":[65,84,105],"controls":[66],"response":[69,198],"when":[70],"fraction":[73],"is":[77,141],"Vrubber":[78,87,129],"\u2264":[79,130],"0.3,":[80],"while":[81,136],"prevails":[85],"\u2265":[88],"0.6.":[89],"The":[90,113,146],"size":[92,206],"incompressibility":[94],"provides":[98],"high":[99],"stress-induced":[100],"stiffness":[101],"near":[106],"equatorial":[108],"plane":[109],"particles.":[112],"corresponding":[114],"increase":[115],"local":[117],"shear":[119,150],"modulus":[120,140,148],"Gmaxresults":[121],"earlier":[123],"wave":[124,151],"arrivals":[125],"mixtures":[127,201],"0.3":[131],"than":[132],"pure":[134,144],"sand,":[135],"quasi-static":[138],"constrained":[139,147],"highest":[142],"sand.":[145],"velocity":[152],"power":[154],"functions":[155],"applied":[158],"effective":[159],"stress":[160],"all":[162],"mixtures.":[163],"from":[165,172],"this":[166],"study":[167,176],"10)":[170],"a":[173],"previous":[174],"complementary":[175],"/Ds=":[182],"0.25)":[183],"development":[187],"internal":[189],"fabric,":[190],"particle":[191],"level":[192],"processes,":[193],"associated":[196],"macroscale":[197],"sand\u2013rubber":[200],"depend":[202],"on":[203],"relative":[205],"between":[207],"chips":[211],"stiff":[214],"Dr":[217],"/Dsand":[218],"fractions.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}