{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967895461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","title":"Generalized anxiety disorder: Some biochemical aspects","display_name":"Generalized anxiety disorder: Some biochemical aspects","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967895461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","mag":"1967895461","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2349311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84074229","display_name":"Psychiatry Research","issn_l":"0165-1781","issn":["0165-1781","1872-7123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023970396","display_name":"Dennis J. Munjack","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dennis J. Munjack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine","Dennis Munjack, M.D., is Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine, and Director, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dennis Munjack, M.D., is Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine, and Director, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045980661","display_name":"Patricia L. Baltazar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia L. Baltazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Patricia Baltazar, Ph.D., is Project Coordinator, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Patricia Baltazar, Ph.D., is Project Coordinator, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090960576","display_name":"Vincent L. DeQuattro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent DeQuattro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vincent DeQuattro, M.D., is Professor of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vincent DeQuattro, M.D., is Professor of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035587958","display_name":"Paul Sobin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Sobin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul Sobin, M.D., is Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paul Sobin, M.D., is Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, University of Southern California School of Medicine, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043922326","display_name":"Ruby Palmer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruby Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruby Palmer, R.N., M.A., is Staff Nurse, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruby Palmer, R.N., M.A., is Staff Nurse, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041562029","display_name":"Anicia Zulueta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anicia Zulueta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anicia Zulueta, M.D., is in private practice in Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anicia Zulueta, M.D., is in private practice in Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043619913","display_name":"Benjamin Crocker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Crocker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Benjamin Crocker, M.D., is Assistant Director, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Benjamin Crocker, M.D., is Assistant Director, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033523070","display_name":"Rudolfo Usigli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rudolfo Usigli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rudolfo Usigli, M.D., is in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rudolfo Usigli, M.D., is in private practice in Beverly Hills, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000178558","display_name":"J. Galen Buckwalter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-0039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9110-0039"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Galen Buckwalter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Galen Buckwalter, M.A., is Statistical Consultant, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Galen Buckwalter, M.A., is Statistical Consultant, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051843824","display_name":"Michele D. Leonard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Leonard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michele Leonard is Research Assistant, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michele Leonard is Research Assistant, U.S.C. Anxiety Disorders Clinic, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023970396"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"],"apc_list":{"value":4230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4230},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71043458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"35","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-anxiety-disorder","display_name":"generalized anxiety disorder","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-norepinephrine","display_name":"plasma norepinephrine","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-epinephrine","display_name":"plasma epinephrine","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhpg","display_name":"MHPG","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-catecholamines","display_name":"free catecholamines","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-markers","display_name":"biochemical markers","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-analysis","display_name":"discriminant analysis","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dsm-iii-criteria","display_name":"DSM-III criteria","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779911313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845224","display_name":"Generalized anxiety disorder","level":3,"score":0.6339234113693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.6209595203399658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186242","display_name":"Norepinephrine","level":3,"score":0.5869531631469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775859304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132621","display_name":"Epinephrine","level":2,"score":0.5833183526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.5204606056213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.48899924755096436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44488292932510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4432854950428009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.39509817957878113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3649240732192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3525955080986023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.1080913245677948}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002707","descriptor_name":"Chlordiazepoxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004837","descriptor_name":"Epinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006018","descriptor_name":"Glycols","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008734","descriptor_name":"Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009638","descriptor_name":"Norepinephrine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010556","descriptor_name":"Personality Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011433","descriptor_name":"Propranolol","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(90)90133-p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84074229","display_name":"Psychiatry Research","issn_l":"0165-1781","issn":["0165-1781","1872-7123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2349311","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2349311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry research","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W429400932","https://openalex.org/W1792501514","https://openalex.org/W1963763436","https://openalex.org/W1963989474","https://openalex.org/W1974338697","https://openalex.org/W1974925866","https://openalex.org/W1975546210","https://openalex.org/W1984593818","https://openalex.org/W1992960233","https://openalex.org/W1995140039","https://openalex.org/W1998893815","https://openalex.org/W1999113647","https://openalex.org/W1999303204","https://openalex.org/W2001905348","https://openalex.org/W2007625227","https://openalex.org/W2009940617","https://openalex.org/W2021204295","https://openalex.org/W2021241599","https://openalex.org/W2022692847","https://openalex.org/W2023517502","https://openalex.org/W2023893988","https://openalex.org/W2030191470","https://openalex.org/W2032900476","https://openalex.org/W2033256908","https://openalex.org/W2033446143","https://openalex.org/W2042061501","https://openalex.org/W2051223781","https://openalex.org/W2060355791","https://openalex.org/W2068370985","https://openalex.org/W2071114211","https://openalex.org/W2081179086","https://openalex.org/W2093200355","https://openalex.org/W2095348755","https://openalex.org/W2095635428","https://openalex.org/W2149670128","https://openalex.org/W2155175219","https://openalex.org/W2159221075","https://openalex.org/W2203991514","https://openalex.org/W2306047212","https://openalex.org/W2317595466","https://openalex.org/W2328647831","https://openalex.org/W2396948049","https://openalex.org/W2409109823","https://openalex.org/W2409643143","https://openalex.org/W2415427875","https://openalex.org/W2461694068","https://openalex.org/W2768614901","https://openalex.org/W2800242988","https://openalex.org/W3090293687","https://openalex.org/W4210788502","https://openalex.org/W4229819445","https://openalex.org/W4253964648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974383964","https://openalex.org/W2135886148","https://openalex.org/W2019518511","https://openalex.org/W3199659455","https://openalex.org/W2054118318","https://openalex.org/W2373553016","https://openalex.org/W2461694068","https://openalex.org/W2561136374","https://openalex.org/W2762801616","https://openalex.org/W3030254375"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
