{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967425449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","title":"Two Elements in the Bovine Leukemia Virus Long Terminal Repeat That Regulate Gene Expression","display_name":"Two Elements in the Bovine Leukemia Virus Long Terminal Repeat That Regulate Gene Expression","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967425449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","mag":"1967425449","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3006241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.3006241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060177702","display_name":"David Derse","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Derse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Genetics, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Genetics, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110232444","display_name":"James W. Casey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James W. Casey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Genetics, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Genetics, Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9646313,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"231","issue":"4744","first_page":"1437","last_page":"1440"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12159","display_name":"T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12159","display_name":"T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-leukemia-virus","display_name":"bovine leukemia virus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-terminal-repeat","display_name":"long terminal repeat","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-gene-regulation","display_name":"viral gene expression regulation","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhancers","display_name":"enhancers","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/u3-region","display_name":"U3 region","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-region","display_name":"R region","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sv40-early-promoter","display_name":"SV40 early promoter","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcriptional-activation","display_name":"transcriptional activation","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase-reporter","display_name":"chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter","score":0.8080000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199491388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869477","display_name":"Long terminal repeat","level":4,"score":0.8043343424797058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7645043134689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111936080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913367","display_name":"Enhancer","level":4,"score":0.7369855046272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778645089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895365","display_name":"Bovine leukemia virus","level":3,"score":0.7178727388381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780730277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24744759","display_name":"Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase","level":5,"score":0.7064307928085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780115692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747302","display_name":"Heterologous","level":3,"score":0.6187180876731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.6098418831825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179926584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207714","display_name":"Transcription (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5879936814308167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.5874982476234436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21592294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3238407","display_name":"Regulatory sequence","level":4,"score":0.5221338868141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101762097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224093","display_name":"Promoter","level":4,"score":0.521113932132721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.519043505191803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.46525388956069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.4255872964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161733203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911828","display_name":"Reporter gene","level":4,"score":0.4188617169857025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779562191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673848","display_name":"Murine leukemia virus","level":3,"score":0.417686402797699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.35306107997894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.2663425803184509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001909","descriptor_name":"Leukemia Virus, Bovine","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002522","descriptor_name":"Chlorocebus aethiops","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004274","descriptor_name":"DNA, Recombinant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004279","descriptor_name":"DNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004742","descriptor_name":"Enhancer Elements, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005786","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Regulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005809","descriptor_name":"Genes, Regulator","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005814","descriptor_name":"Genes, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010957","descriptor_name":"Plasmids","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011401","descriptor_name":"Promoter Regions, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012091","descriptor_name":"Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012190","descriptor_name":"Retroviridae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012333","descriptor_name":"RNA, Messenger","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014158","descriptor_name":"Transcription, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017977","descriptor_name":"Deltaretrovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.3006241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3006241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3006241","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3006241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8105642377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA07392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1681242094","https://openalex.org/W1947635334","https://openalex.org/W1968244375","https://openalex.org/W1975997182","https://openalex.org/W1980885251","https://openalex.org/W1988333200","https://openalex.org/W1999053228","https://openalex.org/W2004291887","https://openalex.org/W2010356985","https://openalex.org/W2011694898","https://openalex.org/W2015639517","https://openalex.org/W2016655706","https://openalex.org/W2022627708","https://openalex.org/W2028706937","https://openalex.org/W2060880451","https://openalex.org/W2061311391","https://openalex.org/W2065716796","https://openalex.org/W2074596664","https://openalex.org/W2088622701","https://openalex.org/W2089219831","https://openalex.org/W2127297640","https://openalex.org/W2144206181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016655706","https://openalex.org/W1539006922","https://openalex.org/W2147431576","https://openalex.org/W1988333200","https://openalex.org/W1566246089","https://openalex.org/W1991791712","https://openalex.org/W7010357032","https://openalex.org/W2036745364","https://openalex.org/W1653724665","https://openalex.org/W267870743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,28,186],"bovine":[1,29],"leukemia":[2,8,30],"virus,":[3],"like":[4,154],"the":[5,59,62,68,82,98,104,107,111,130,145,149,178,200,206,226,233,253,262,267],"human":[6],"T-cell":[7],"viruses":[9],"(HTLV-I":[10],"and":[11,64,151,221,256],"HTLV-II),":[12],"are":[13,20],"unusual":[14],"biologically":[15],"in":[16,23,43,121,129,136,167,183,191,199,244,266],"that":[17,53],"viral":[18,268],"transcripts":[19],"not":[21,216],"detected":[22],"tumors":[24],"or":[25],"infected":[26,47,169],"tissues.":[27],"virus":[31],"long":[32],"terminal":[33],"repeat":[34],"(BLV":[35],"LTR)":[36],"functions":[37],"as":[38],"a":[39,92,137,161,192,247,257],"transcriptional":[40,119],"promoter":[41,95,101,181,255],"only":[42,182,224],"cell":[44,170],"lines":[45],"productively":[46,168],"with":[48],"BLV.":[49],"Deletion":[50],"mapping":[51],"indicated":[52],"at":[54],"least":[55],"two":[56,123],"regions":[57,90],"of":[58,67,81,84,106,110,139,148,164,212],"LTR,":[60],"on":[61,218],"5'":[63],"3'":[65],"sides":[66],"RNA":[69,207,234,263],"start":[70,208,235],"site,":[71],"influenced":[72],"gene":[73,116],"expression.":[74],"An":[75],"analysis":[76],"has":[77],"now":[78],"been":[79],"made":[80],"effects":[83],"coupling":[85],"sequences":[86,198],"from":[87,97,144,196,205,232,252,261],"these":[88,184],"LTR":[89,150,197],"to":[91,117,241],"heterologous":[93,179],"core":[94,180,254],"derived":[96,143,195],"SV40":[99],"early":[100],"unit.":[102],"Through":[103],"use":[105],"transient":[108],"expression":[109,166,214,238],"bacterial":[112],"chloramphenicol":[113],"acetyltransferase":[114],"(CAT)":[115],"monitor":[118],"activity":[120],"vivo,":[122],"independent,":[124],"regulatory":[125],"elements":[126],"were":[127],"identified":[128],"BLV":[131,165,219,237],"LTR.":[132,269],"One":[133],"was":[134,189,215,222,228],"present":[135],"fragment":[138,194,227],"75":[140],"base":[141],"pairs":[142],"U3":[146],"region":[147],"behaved":[152],"much":[153],"other":[155],"enhancer":[156,249],"elements.":[157],"It":[158],"may":[159],"be":[160,242],"major":[162],"determinant":[163],"lines,":[171],"since":[172],"it":[173],"enhanced":[174],"transcription":[175],"controlled":[176],"by":[177,246],"cells.":[185],"second":[187],"element":[188,250],"contained":[190],"250-bp":[193],"R":[201],"region,":[202],"located":[203,229],"downstream":[204,231,260],"site.":[209,236],"Its":[210],"activation":[211],"CAT":[213],"dependent":[217],"infection":[220],"evident":[223],"when":[225],"immediately":[230],"thus":[239],"appears":[240],"regulated":[243],"part":[245],"cell-specific":[248],"upstream":[251],"novel":[258],"sequence":[259],"initiation":[264],"site":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
