{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967205246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","title":"Decreased Levothyroxine Requirement in Women with Hypothyroidism during Androgen Therapy for Breast Cancer","display_name":"Decreased Levothyroxine Requirement in Women with Hypothyroidism during Androgen Therapy for Breast Cancer","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967205246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","mag":"1967205246","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7518657"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119722071","display_name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","issn_l":"0003-4819","issn":["0003-4819","1539-3704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316812","host_organization_name":"American College of Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316812"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American College of Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038345666","display_name":"Baha M. Arafah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-9092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-9092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Baha M. Arafah","raw_affiliation_strings":["From the University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio","University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"From the University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospitals of Cleveland, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038345666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3315,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77160762,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"121","issue":"4","first_page":"247","last_page":"251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10293","display_name":"Thyroid Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10293","display_name":"Thyroid Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10756","display_name":"Estrogen and related hormone effects","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1310","display_name":"Endocrinology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11146","display_name":"Hormonal and reproductive studies","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/androgen-therapy","display_name":"androgen therapy","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothyroidism","display_name":"hypothyroidism","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoxymesterone","display_name":"fluoxymesterone","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperthyroidism","display_name":"hyperthyroidism","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid-function","display_name":"thyroid function","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-thyroxine","display_name":"free thyroxine","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t4-binding-globulin","display_name":"T4-binding globulin","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thyroid-stimulating-hormone","display_name":"thyroid-stimulating hormone","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hormone-dependent-breast-cancer","display_name":"hormone-dependent breast cancer","score":0.7630000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9239888191223145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7511746883392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775883008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q773449","display_name":"Levothyroxine","level":3,"score":0.7202445268630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6662330031394958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526584372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Thyroid","level":2,"score":0.6232854723930359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777911890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62614","display_name":"Androgen","level":3,"score":0.6199328899383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777195454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Euthyroid","level":3,"score":0.5963079929351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.517143189907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993291352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16399","display_name":"Thyroid function","level":3,"score":0.48015254735946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30092816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419613","display_name":"Sex hormone-binding globulin","level":4,"score":0.4718587100505829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.45788538455963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780275930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1628266","display_name":"Hormone therapy","level":4,"score":0.4191983640193939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.30878594517707825}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005474","descriptor_name":"Fluoxymesterone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005474","descriptor_name":"Fluoxymesterone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007037","descriptor_name":"Hypothyroidism","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007037","descriptor_name":"Hypothyroidism","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007037","descriptor_name":"Hypothyroidism","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010166","descriptor_name":"Palliative Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013972","descriptor_name":"Thyrotropin","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013974","descriptor_name":"Thyroxine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013974","descriptor_name":"Thyroxine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013974","descriptor_name":"Thyroxine","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013974","descriptor_name":"Thyroxine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013975","descriptor_name":"Thyroxine-Binding Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-4-199408150-00002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119722071","display_name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","issn_l":"0003-4819","issn":["0003-4819","1539-3704"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316812","host_organization_name":"American College of Physicians","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316812"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American College of Physicians"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7518657","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7518657","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of internal medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.934.3545","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.934.3545","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://annals.org/data/Journals/AIM/19811/0000605-199408150-00002.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4248926383","https://openalex.org/W1967072928","https://openalex.org/W2080905476","https://openalex.org/W2064003005","https://openalex.org/W2031882926","https://openalex.org/W4304974825","https://openalex.org/W7208257660","https://openalex.org/W22523083","https://openalex.org/W2054183178","https://openalex.org/W2187654812"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"the":[3,110,129,188,197,201,223,234],"effects":[4,225],"of":[5,10,78,106,118,186,196,226],"androgen":[6,35,98,107,146,170,244,266],"administration":[7,108],"on":[8,228],"measures":[9],"thyroid":[11,14,65,114,179,229,238,247,261],"function":[12,262],"and":[13,67,80,87,93,121,134,156,232,255],"hormone":[15,85,137,180,206,230,248],"replacement":[16,181,239,253],"doses":[17,207,240],"in":[18,55,194,241,250,257],"women":[19,242],"with":[20,26,62,259],"breast":[21,29],"cancer.":[22],"DESIGN:":[23],"Consecutive":[24],"patients":[25,61,112,152,175,251],"metastatic,":[27],"hormone-dependent":[28],"cancer":[30],"who":[31,176],"were":[32,90],"eligible":[33],"for":[34,48,73],"treatment.":[36],"INTERVENTIONS:":[37],"Androgen":[38],"therapy":[39,99,147,254],"(fluoxymesterone,":[40],"10":[41],"mg":[42],"orally":[43],"twice":[44],"daily)":[45],"was":[46,53,100,148,171],"continued":[47],"as":[49,51],"long":[50],"it":[52],"effective":[54],"controlling":[56],"tumor":[57],"growth.":[58],"PATIENTS:":[59],"7":[60],"no":[63],"known":[64],"disease":[66],"4":[68,95,104,184],"others":[69],"receiving":[70,252],"long-term":[71,178],"treatment":[72],"hypothyroidism.":[74],"MEASUREMENTS:":[75],"Serum":[76],"levels":[77,117,138,158,231,249],"total":[79,119],"free":[81,131,136,190],"thyroxine":[82,132],"(T4),":[83],"thyroid-stimulating":[84],"(TSH),":[86],"T4-binding":[88,122],"globulin":[89,123],"determined":[91],"before":[92],"every":[94],"weeks":[96,105,144,185],"after":[97,145,169,265],"initiated.":[101],"RESULTS:":[102],"Within":[103,183],"to":[109,142,160,173,209,214,216,236],"seven":[111,151],"without":[113],"disease,":[115],"serum":[116,157,189],"T4":[120,191],"decreased":[124],"(P":[125],"<":[126],"0.001),":[127],"whereas":[128,200],"calculated":[130],"index":[133],"measured":[135],"remained":[139,153],"unchanged.":[140],"Six":[141],"12":[143],"discontinued,":[149],"all":[150],"clinically":[154],"euthyroid,":[155],"returned":[159],"baseline":[161],"values.":[162],"In":[163],"contrast,":[164],"clinical":[165],"hyperthyroidism":[166],"developed":[167],"shortly":[168],"administered":[172],"four":[174,198],"received":[177],"therapy.":[182,245,267],"treatment,":[187],"level":[192,203],"increased":[193],"each":[195],"patients,":[199],"TSH":[202],"decreased.":[204],"Thyroid":[205],"had":[208],"be":[210],"reduced":[211],"by":[212],"25%":[213],"50%":[215],"maintain":[217],"euthyroidism.":[218],"CONCLUSIONS:":[219],"The":[220],"study":[221],"documents":[222],"reversible":[224],"androgens":[227],"indicates":[233],"need":[235],"reduce":[237],"during":[243],"Monitoring":[246],"perhaps":[256],"those":[258],"autonomous":[260],"is":[263],"necessary":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}