{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966688799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","title":"Magnetization and C13 NMR spin-lattice relaxation of nanodiamond powder","display_name":"Magnetization and C13 NMR spin-lattice relaxation of nanodiamond powder","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966688799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","mag":"1966688799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6791298","display_name":"Physical Review B","issn_l":"1098-0121","issn":["1098-0121","1538-4489","1550-235X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review B","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063684249","display_name":"E. M. Levin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789608","display_name":"Ames National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041m9xr71","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. M. Levin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111609013","display_name":"Xiangshan Fang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. W. Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054040270","display_name":"Sergey L. Bud\u2019ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-5585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-5585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789608","display_name":"Ames National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041m9xr71","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. L. Bud\u2019ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086465404","display_name":"Warren E. Straszheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-7624","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-7624"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. E. Straszheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Analysis and Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Analysis and Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066495026","display_name":"R. William McCallum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-0034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-0034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789608","display_name":"Ames National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041m9xr71","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. W. McCallum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004494409","display_name":"Klaus Schmidt\u2010Rohr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3188-4828","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3188-4828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802789608","display_name":"Ames National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041m9xr71","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. Schmidt-Rohr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ames Laboratory DOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004494409","https://openalex.org/A5063684249"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I2802789608"],"apc_list":{"value":2675,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2675},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78067289,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"77","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10478","display_name":"Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11809","display_name":"Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12381","display_name":"Electron Spin Resonance Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanodiamonds","display_name":"nanodiamonds","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"magnetization","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unpaired-electrons","display_name":"unpaired electrons","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paramagnetism","display_name":"paramagnetism","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetic-impurities","display_name":"ferromagnetic impurities","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superparamagnetism","display_name":"superparamagnetism","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-containing-particles","display_name":"iron-containing particles","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detonation-nanodiamonds","display_name":"detonation nanodiamonds","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diamagnetism","display_name":"diamagnetism","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-concentration","display_name":"spin concentration","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elemental-composition","display_name":"elemental composition","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777715892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16870989","display_name":"Nanodiamond","level":3,"score":0.8834661245346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.7276042103767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5752913951873779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.5078402161598206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5025582313537598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4691770374774933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124712363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188479","display_name":"Paramagnetism","level":2,"score":0.4540652632713318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.38653165102005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.36558961868286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3394126892089844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776921476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283","display_name":"Diamond","level":2,"score":0.2248961627483368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15622732043266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.09727558493614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.77.054418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6791298","display_name":"Physical Review B","issn_l":"1098-0121","issn":["1098-0121","1538-4489","1550-235X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review B","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963545479","https://openalex.org/W1964853197","https://openalex.org/W1971747286","https://openalex.org/W1973220544","https://openalex.org/W1981432607","https://openalex.org/W1984677210","https://openalex.org/W1986074789","https://openalex.org/W1992869667","https://openalex.org/W1993340764","https://openalex.org/W1994698577","https://openalex.org/W1995065355","https://openalex.org/W2005353758","https://openalex.org/W2007358408","https://openalex.org/W2010258320","https://openalex.org/W2015081015","https://openalex.org/W2020702815","https://openalex.org/W2034323921","https://openalex.org/W2040440945","https://openalex.org/W2054360075","https://openalex.org/W2062162115","https://openalex.org/W2062838728","https://openalex.org/W2064478945","https://openalex.org/W2083406607","https://openalex.org/W2083642881","https://openalex.org/W2084167506","https://openalex.org/W2088348252","https://openalex.org/W2089810568","https://openalex.org/W2119376251","https://openalex.org/W2120313475","https://openalex.org/W2128081221","https://openalex.org/W2138256018","https://openalex.org/W2322524451","https://openalex.org/W2479048415","https://openalex.org/W2756880050","https://openalex.org/W2991237413","https://openalex.org/W3003303647","https://openalex.org/W3151391132","https://openalex.org/W4251246953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998927595","https://openalex.org/W2070665728","https://openalex.org/W4205549496","https://openalex.org/W2016847203","https://openalex.org/W1964853197","https://openalex.org/W2018972504","https://openalex.org/W4399390561","https://openalex.org/W2085184181","https://openalex.org/W2988795087","https://openalex.org/W4292567003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34,150],"bulk":[1,118],"magnetization":[2,36,119],"at":[3,122],"temperatures":[4],"of":[5,26,37,44,51,57,112,120,127,132,143],"$1.8--400\\phantom{\\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\\mathrm{K}$":[6],"and":[7,22,64,67,82,91,137],"in":[8,42,61,75,98,146,153],"magnetic":[9],"fields":[10],"up":[11],"to":[12,86,135,157],"$70\\phantom{\\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\\mathrm{kOe}$,":[13],"the":[14,23,48,54,110,113,117,141,147],"ambient":[15],"temperature":[16],"$^{13}\\mathrm{C}$":[17,102],"NMR":[18,103],"spin-lattice":[19],"relaxation,":[20],"${T}_{1,C}$,":[21],"elemental":[24],"composition":[25],"three":[27],"nanodiamond":[28,38,62,100,148,154,164],"powder":[29,155],"samples":[30],"have":[31],"been":[32],"studied.":[33],"total":[35],"can":[39],"be":[40,107],"explained":[41],"terms":[43],"contributions":[45,70,89],"from":[46,71,94],"(1)":[47,81],"diamagnetic":[49],"effect":[50,56],"carbon,":[52],"(2)":[53,83],"paramagnetic":[55],"unpaired":[58,144,159],"electrons":[59,145,160],"present":[60,97],"grains,":[63],"(3)":[65,90],"ferromagneticlike":[66],"(4)":[68,92],"superparamagnetic":[69],"Fe-containing":[72],"particles":[73,115],"detected":[74],"spatially":[76],"resolved":[77],"energy-dispersive":[78],"spectroscopy.":[79],"Contributions":[80],"are":[84],"intrinsic":[85],"nanodiamond,":[87],"while":[88],"arise":[93],"impurities":[95],"naturally":[96],"detonation":[99],"samples.":[101],"${T}_{1,C}$":[104,128],"relaxation":[105],"would":[106],"unaffected":[108],"by":[109,129],"presence":[111,142],"ferromagnetic":[114],"with":[116],"$\\ensuremath{\\sim}0.01\\phantom{\\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\\mathrm{emu}\u2215\\mathrm{g}$":[121],"$300\\phantom{\\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\\mathrm{K}$.":[123],"Thus,":[124],"a":[125],"reduction":[126],"3":[130],"orders":[131],"magnitude":[133],"compared":[134],"natural":[136],"synthetic":[138],"microdiamonds":[139],"confirms":[140],"grains.":[149],"spin":[151],"concentration":[152],"corresponds":[156],"$\\ensuremath{\\sim}30$":[158],"per":[161],"$\\ensuremath{\\sim}4.6\\phantom{\\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\\mathrm{nm}$":[162],"diameter":[163],"grain.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}