{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966204708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","title":"Off-Label Prescribing to Children in the United States Outpatient Setting","display_name":"Off-Label Prescribing to Children in the United States Outpatient Setting","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966204708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","mag":"1966204708","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19329098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141855577","display_name":"Academic Pediatrics","issn_l":"1876-2859","issn":["1876-2859","1876-2867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072511460","display_name":"Alicia Bazzano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-4033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-4033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alicia T.F. Bazzano","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Health Services, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Health Services, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029986159","display_name":"Rita M. Mangione-Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rita Mangione-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles**"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042203967","display_name":"Matthias Schonlau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3651-9268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3651-9268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Schonlau","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles**"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032703149","display_name":"Marika J Suttorp","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marika J. Suttorp","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles**"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069760216","display_name":"Robert Henry Brook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-3764","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-3764"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. Brook","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California at Los Angeles**"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at Los Angeles**","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":141,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96801465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"81","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12547","display_name":"Pharmaceutical studies and practices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12547","display_name":"Pharmaceutical studies and practices","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11649","display_name":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/off-label-drug-use","display_name":"off-label drug use","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-prescribing","display_name":"pediatric prescribing","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outpatient-visits","display_name":"outpatient visits","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-pharmacotherapy","display_name":"pediatric pharmacotherapy","score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-labeling","display_name":"drug labeling","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analgesics","display_name":"analgesics","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-drugs","display_name":"gastrointestinal drugs","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-specialty","display_name":"physician specialty","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-ambulatory-medical-care-survey","display_name":"National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey","score":0.8999999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9226802587509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.7479073405265808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20387591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930752","display_name":"Specialty","level":2,"score":0.611612856388092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188313352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119697","display_name":"Off-label use","level":2,"score":0.5858306884765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5507635474205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.5482509732246399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5154657959938049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909321700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181600","display_name":"Outpatient visits","level":3,"score":0.5051658749580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124306116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512965","display_name":"Ambulatory care","level":3,"score":0.5020604133605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.45717862248420715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.4507834017276764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.4440140426158905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.3518437147140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.23886024951934814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.11868581175804138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004348","descriptor_name":"Drug Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010045","descriptor_name":"Outpatients","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010818","descriptor_name":"Practice Patterns, Physicians'","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011307","descriptor_name":"Drug Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019538","descriptor_name":"Health Care Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2008.11.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S141855577","display_name":"Academic Pediatrics","issn_l":"1876-2859","issn":["1876-2859","1876-2867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Pediatrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19329098","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19329098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic pediatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306139","display_name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymmdj85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308349","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337376","display_name":"NIH Clinical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfsmv21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155506852","https://openalex.org/W168494166","https://openalex.org/W195996435","https://openalex.org/W643439253","https://openalex.org/W1504344187","https://openalex.org/W1673033778","https://openalex.org/W1830457350","https://openalex.org/W1964656197","https://openalex.org/W1969319896","https://openalex.org/W1969497923","https://openalex.org/W1971176779","https://openalex.org/W1984710954","https://openalex.org/W1992805307","https://openalex.org/W1997549099","https://openalex.org/W2007591793","https://openalex.org/W2009500776","https://openalex.org/W2033304004","https://openalex.org/W2033365494","https://openalex.org/W2040013231","https://openalex.org/W2049111635","https://openalex.org/W2053362665","https://openalex.org/W2056933034","https://openalex.org/W2059050927","https://openalex.org/W2059365389","https://openalex.org/W2064520317","https://openalex.org/W2067905929","https://openalex.org/W2102990639","https://openalex.org/W2106440128","https://openalex.org/W2108382162","https://openalex.org/W2121487587","https://openalex.org/W2124481378","https://openalex.org/W2149323011","https://openalex.org/W2158896861","https://openalex.org/W2166191708","https://openalex.org/W2166890809","https://openalex.org/W2171592527","https://openalex.org/W2317999341","https://openalex.org/W2395514413","https://openalex.org/W2892002136","https://openalex.org/W4237041690","https://openalex.org/W4248211202","https://openalex.org/W4256376532","https://openalex.org/W6693823775"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W274843733","https://openalex.org/W2980479685","https://openalex.org/W2918703443","https://openalex.org/W1973802256","https://openalex.org/W2379930970","https://openalex.org/W2353436207","https://openalex.org/W2363115267","https://openalex.org/W2973419479","https://openalex.org/W4231012828","https://openalex.org/W4313029119"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}