{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1966035178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","title":"Inverted terminal repeats are added to genes during macronuclear development in Oxytricha nova.","display_name":"Inverted terminal repeats are added to genes during macronuclear development in Oxytricha nova.","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1966035178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","mag":"1966035178","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6808504","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/346394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/346394","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041997132","display_name":"Robert E Boswell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R E Boswell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026749598","display_name":"Lawrence A. Klobutcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-3482","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9485-3482"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L A Klobutcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111750361","display_name":"David M. Prescott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9798-9526","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9798-9526"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D M Prescott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 347, Boulder, Colorado 80309","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Biology, Indiana Univ., Bloomington, IN 47405. 3255","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8855,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99025941,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"10","first_page":"3255","last_page":"3259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10434","display_name":"Chromosomal and Genetic Variations","score":0.8095999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10434","display_name":"Chromosomal and Genetic Variations","score":0.8095999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11879","display_name":"Protist diversity and phylogeny","score":0.1324000060558319,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10222","display_name":"Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics","score":0.013299999758601189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-terminal-repeats","display_name":"inverted terminal repeats","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxytricha-nova","display_name":"Oxytricha nova","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macronuclear-development","display_name":"macronuclear development","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-excision","display_name":"gene excision","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypotrichous-ciliates","display_name":"hypotrichous ciliates","score":0.8100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.725310742855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.6908758878707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.6230844259262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6159908175468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5841338038444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169802333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424473","display_name":"Repeated sequence","level":4,"score":0.48258674144744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185581394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145911","display_name":"Base pair","level":3,"score":0.4587794244289398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51603236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4852694","display_name":"Inverted repeat","level":4,"score":0.41897687315940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.4092952609062195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.12839293479919434}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002451","descriptor_name":"Cell Compartmentation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002467","descriptor_name":"Cell Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002467","descriptor_name":"Cell Nucleus","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008970","descriptor_name":"Molecular Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012091","descriptor_name":"Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016798","descriptor_name":"Ciliophora","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.10.3255","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:346394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/346394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:6808504","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6808504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:346394","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/346394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558516755","https://openalex.org/W1833411966","https://openalex.org/W1992842240","https://openalex.org/W1995420892","https://openalex.org/W2016240281","https://openalex.org/W2018467803","https://openalex.org/W2029987769","https://openalex.org/W2030837183","https://openalex.org/W2032343668","https://openalex.org/W2039416580","https://openalex.org/W2044430178","https://openalex.org/W2044926967","https://openalex.org/W2054620086","https://openalex.org/W2063199192","https://openalex.org/W2063450941","https://openalex.org/W2068591490","https://openalex.org/W2082227489","https://openalex.org/W2084043863","https://openalex.org/W2154390970","https://openalex.org/W2316770178","https://openalex.org/W2317492624","https://openalex.org/W2322597121","https://openalex.org/W7097930909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079214991","https://openalex.org/W2042939568","https://openalex.org/W1992842240","https://openalex.org/W1991896107","https://openalex.org/W1981999122","https://openalex.org/W1869347530","https://openalex.org/W1748536962","https://openalex.org/W2080087756","https://openalex.org/W2035667982","https://openalex.org/W2091881180"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,8,13,46,87,102,105,112,121,130,134,151,159],"hypotrichous":[2],"ciliate":[3],"Oxytricha":[4],"nova":[5],"all":[6],"of":[7,15,25,45,58,76,98,104,123,153],"macronuclear":[9,34,48,124],"DNA":[10,49,100],"is":[11,117,138],"in":[12,129],"form":[14],"low":[16],"molecular":[17],"weight,":[18],"gene-sized":[19,77,154],"molecules":[20,30,50,78,155],"with":[21],"an":[22,52],"average":[23],"size":[24],"2,200":[26],"base":[27],"pairs.":[28],"These":[29],"are":[31],"produced":[32],"during":[33,156],"development":[35],"by":[36],"excision":[37,75,145,160],"from":[38,79],"micronuclear":[39,99,131],"chromosomes.":[40,132],"All,":[41],"or":[42,157],"nearly":[43],"all,":[44],"small":[47],"possess":[51],"inverted":[53],"terminal":[54,67,136],"repeat":[55,89,106,137],"sequence":[56,68,85,116,142],"consisting":[57],"5'":[59],"C4A4":[60,88,115],"3'":[61],"repeats.":[62],"The":[63,108],"hypothesis":[64],"that":[65,111],"this":[66],"serves":[69],"as":[70,126],"a":[71,140],"recognition":[72,141],"signal":[73],"for":[74,101,143],"chromosomes":[80],"has":[81,90],"been":[82,91],"tested.":[83],"A":[84],"containing":[86],"isolated":[92],"and":[93],"used":[94],"to":[95,150],"screen":[96],"clones":[97],"presence":[103],"sequence.":[107],"results":[109],"show":[110],"intact":[113],"repeated":[114],"not":[118,139],"present":[119],"at":[120],"ends":[122,152],"sequences":[125],"they":[127],"exist":[128],"Therefore,":[133],"entire":[135],"gene":[144],"but":[146],"must":[147],"be":[148],"added":[149],"after":[158],"process.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}