{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965971328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","title":"Effusion Cooling: The Influence of the Number of Holes","display_name":"Effusion Cooling: The Influence of the Number of Holes","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965971328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","mag":"1965971328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109525458","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy","issn_l":"0957-6509","issn":["0957-6509","2041-2967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083365668","display_name":"Gordon Edward Andrews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-1363","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-1363"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G E Andrews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054176413","display_name":"Abraham Awolola Asere","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A A Asere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030502695","display_name":"M. L. Gupta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M L Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113533344","display_name":"M. C. Mkpadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M C Mkpadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fuel and Energy, University of Leeds","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"204","issue":"3","first_page":"175","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10944","display_name":"Turbomachinery Performance and Optimization","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.020099999383091927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12567","display_name":"Heat transfer and supercritical fluids","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effusion-cooling","display_name":"effusion cooling","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooling-effectiveness","display_name":"cooling effectiveness","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-cooling","display_name":"film cooling","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/borehole-diameter","display_name":"hole diameter","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-drop","display_name":"pressure drop","score":0.781000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83104080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3809680","display_name":"Combustor","level":3,"score":0.7727593183517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.6921821236610413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.636584997177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5633870959281921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.49557483196258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12241035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129714","display_name":"Cooling flow","level":3,"score":0.4750095307826996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4615369737148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776172328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261011","display_name":"Pressure-sensitive paint","level":3,"score":0.45965686440467834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114088122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261069","display_name":"Pressure drop","level":2,"score":0.42838752269744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44740213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7828135","display_name":"Total pressure","level":2,"score":0.4220849275588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41283366084098816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.4059527516365051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.3658192455768585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2612643241882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.20789074897766113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17109528183937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13464698195457458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08798223733901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100086909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193010","display_name":"Wind tunnel","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_024_02","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109525458","display_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy","issn_l":"0957-6509","issn":["0957-6509","2041-2967"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108208020","https://openalex.org/W120821604","https://openalex.org/W205771754","https://openalex.org/W1976552980","https://openalex.org/W1992762247","https://openalex.org/W1995212802","https://openalex.org/W2020478735","https://openalex.org/W2040154096","https://openalex.org/W2055216468","https://openalex.org/W2072219974","https://openalex.org/W2076828638","https://openalex.org/W2077377643","https://openalex.org/W2094547455","https://openalex.org/W2122839306","https://openalex.org/W2128562481","https://openalex.org/W2152547961","https://openalex.org/W2172336958","https://openalex.org/W2317583009","https://openalex.org/W4233184917","https://openalex.org/W4248367918"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020594028","https://openalex.org/W1414947173","https://openalex.org/W2322133193","https://openalex.org/W3014727405","https://openalex.org/W2335202491","https://openalex.org/W4401941804","https://openalex.org/W2011907797","https://openalex.org/W2792457646","https://openalex.org/W936113329","https://openalex.org/W4313031667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Experimental":[0],"measurements":[1],"of":[2,19,33,37,40,63,118],"the":[3,28,38,116,122,129],"overall":[4],"cooling":[5,12,85,130,142],"effectiveness":[6,131],"for":[7,15,23,69,82,146],"full-coverage":[8,148],"discrete":[9],"hole":[10,52,89,123],"effusion":[11,149],"are":[13],"presented":[14],"a":[16,24,60,70],"wide":[17],"range":[18],"practical":[20],"geometries":[21],"and":[22,30,65,103,120],"density":[25],"ratio":[26],"between":[27],"coolant":[29,73],"combustion":[31],"gases":[32],"2.5.":[34],"The":[35],"influence":[36],"number":[39,117],"holes":[41,119],"per":[42,67,75,98,110],"unit":[43,76],"surface":[44,77],"area":[45],"was":[46],"investigated":[47,87],"at":[48,96,108],"two":[49],"fixed":[50],"total":[51],"areas":[53],"or":[54],"design":[55,100,112],"pressure":[56,61,101,113],"loss.":[57,114],"These":[58],"were":[59,86,125,144],"loss":[62,102],"3":[64,97],"0.1":[66,109],"cent":[68,99,111],"relatively":[71],"low":[72],"flowrate":[74],"area.":[78],"Hole":[79],"configurations":[80],"suitable":[81],"combustor":[83,140],"wall":[84,141],"with":[88],"sizes":[90],"from":[91],"1.4":[92],"to":[93,105,127],"0.6":[94],"mm":[95,107],"1.3":[104],"3.3":[106],"Increasing":[115],"increasing":[121],"diameter":[124],"shown":[126],"increase":[128],"through":[132],"improved":[133],"film":[134],"cooling.":[135],"Major":[136],"reductions":[137],"in":[138],"current":[139],"flows":[143],"demonstrated":[145],"some":[147],"geometries.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}