{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965557326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","title":"Level of evidence in hand surgery","display_name":"Level of evidence in hand surgery","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965557326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","mag":"1965557326","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23199054","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3527330"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067602179","display_name":"Roberto S. Rosales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-5740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8004-5740"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roberto S Rosales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit for Hand & Microsurgery, GECOT, Maria del Cristo Ossuna 20, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38204, Spain. titorosales@telefonica.net","Unit for Hand & Microsurgery, GECOT, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit for Hand & Microsurgery, GECOT, Maria del Cristo Ossuna 20, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38204, Spain. titorosales@telefonica.net","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit for Hand & Microsurgery, GECOT, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056178282","display_name":"Luis Reboso-Morales","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088232","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Nuestra Se\u00f1ora de Candelaria","ror":"https://ror.org/005a3p084","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088232"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Reboso-Morales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, Carretera del Rosario s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38110, Spain","Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, Carretera del Rosario s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38110, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088232"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028585604","display_name":"Yolanda Martin-Hidalgo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088232","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Nuestra Se\u00f1ora de Candelaria","ror":"https://ror.org/005a3p084","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088232"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yolanda Martin-Hidalgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, Carretera del Rosario s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38110, Spain","Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, Carretera del Rosario s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38110, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088232"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orthopaedic Surgery Service, University Hospital of \u201cLa Candelaria\u201d, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089162427","display_name":"Isabel D\u00edez de la Lastra-Bosch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102629","display_name":"Gobierno de Canarias","ror":"https://ror.org/0172fj584","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120310","display_name":"Servicio Canario de la Salud","ror":"https://ror.org/0312xab44","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120310"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabel Diez de la Lastra-Bosch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government Health Service, Oncology Programme, Canarian Health Service, P\u00e9rez de Rozas 5, 2nd floor, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife, 38005, Spain","Government Health Service, Oncology Programme, Canarian Health Service, Tenerife, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government Health Service, Oncology Programme, Canarian Health Service, P\u00e9rez de Rozas 5, 2nd floor, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife, 38005, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102629","https://openalex.org/I4210120310"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government Health Service, Oncology Programme, Canarian Health Service, Tenerife, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120310"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067602179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1690},"apc_paid":{"value":1690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1690},"fwci":0.7673,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75046211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"665","last_page":"665"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.5713000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.5713000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.20960000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10630","display_name":"Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation","score":0.046799998730421066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/level-of-evidence","display_name":"level of evidence","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-surgery","display_name":"hand surgery","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-research-quality","display_name":"clinical research quality","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxford-classification","display_name":"Oxford classification","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interobserver-agreement","display_name":"interobserver agreement","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/journal-comparison","display_name":"journal comparison","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-quality-improvement","display_name":"research quality improvement","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14401","display_name":"Kappa","level":2,"score":0.6993666887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.696088433265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.41323041915893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2949018180370331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2437623143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010506","descriptor_name":"Periodicals as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012107","descriptor_name":"Research Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015588","descriptor_name":"Observer Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015706","descriptor_name":"Bibliometrics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016009","descriptor_name":"Chi-Square Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019317","descriptor_name":"Evidence-Based Medicine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23199054","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23199054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC research notes","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3527330","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3527330/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Res Notes","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e0ce13d281f14cd7902c8ed6392abe80","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e0ce13d281f14cd7902c8ed6392abe80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 665 (2012)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","pdf_url":"https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1756-0500-5-665","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100014455","display_name":"BMC Research Notes","issn_l":"1756-0500","issn":["1756-0500"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Research Notes","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1965557326.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1965557326.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W632604025","https://openalex.org/W1525103832","https://openalex.org/W2003112722","https://openalex.org/W2014514659","https://openalex.org/W2025922320","https://openalex.org/W2036114164","https://openalex.org/W2049413541","https://openalex.org/W2059793682","https://openalex.org/W2092893172","https://openalex.org/W2112801688","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W4230367845"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2754095296","https://openalex.org/W4406800628","https://openalex.org/W2056612357","https://openalex.org/W2346134091","https://openalex.org/W4280533325","https://openalex.org/W2770862465","https://openalex.org/W2029996652","https://openalex.org/W4401488593","https://openalex.org/W2092893172","https://openalex.org/W1989670918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Few":[1],"investigations":[2],"have":[3],"been":[4],"done":[5],"to":[6,15,19,30,196,228,294],"analyze":[7],"the":[8,32,37,43,46,82,88,94,99,106,116,152,161,168,178,229,233,237,255,260,268,272,276,279,282,291,296,300],"level":[9,33,83,96,107,131,182,186,199,203,208,212,219,246,262,283],"of":[10,26,34,36,53,59,84,105,108,132,141,149,158,167,183,216,247,257,281,284,298,302],"evidence":[11,35,85,109,248,263,285],"in":[12,42,170,177,193,222,249,267,287],"journals":[13],"related":[14,21],"hand":[16,250,288],"surgery,":[17],"compared":[18,114,195,227],"other":[20],"research":[22,39,62],"fields.":[23],"The":[24,102,214,245],"objective":[25],"this":[27],"study":[28],"was":[29,225],"assess":[31],"clinical":[38,61,304],"papers":[40,63,169,217,264],"published":[41,64,192,221,266,286],"Ibero-american":[44],"(RICMA),":[45],"European":[47],"(JHSE)":[48],"and":[49,67,73,97,155,172,174,201,205,210,232,274],"American":[50],"(JHSA)":[51],"Journals":[52],"Hand":[54],"Surgery.":[55],"METHODS:":[56],"A":[57],"total":[58],"932":[60],"between":[65],"2005":[66],"2009":[68],"(RICMA":[69],"60,":[70],"JHSE":[71,173,197,230,273],"461,":[72],"JHSA":[74,179,206,234],"411)":[75],"were":[76,113,191,239],"reviewed.":[77],"Two":[78],"independent":[79],"observers":[80],"classified":[81],"based":[86],"on":[87,254],"Oxford":[89],"International":[90],"Classification,":[91],"5":[92],"being":[93,259],"lowest":[95],"1":[98,187,200,209],"highest":[100,261],"level.":[101],"observed":[103],"frequencies":[104,118],"for":[110,125,151,160],"each":[111],"journal":[112],"with":[115,128,218],"expected":[117],"by":[119,271],"a":[120,129,139,147,156,175,181],"chi-square":[121],"(\u03c7":[122],"2)":[123,204],"test":[124],"categorical":[126],"variables":[127],"significance":[130],"0.05.":[133],"RESULTS:":[134],"Inter-observer":[135],"agreement":[136,144],"analysis":[137,145],"showed":[138],"Kappa":[140,148,157],"0.617.":[142],"Intra-observer":[143],"presented":[146,180],"0.66":[150],"observer":[153,162],"1,":[154],"0.751":[159],"2.":[163],"More":[164],"than":[165],"80%":[166],"RICMA":[171,223],"67.6%":[176],"4.":[184],"No":[185],"or":[188],"2":[189],"studies":[190],"RICMA,":[194],"(0.9%":[198],"5.0%":[202],"(8.3%":[207],"10%":[211],"2).":[213],"percentage":[215],"3":[220],"(16.7%)":[224],"higher":[226],"(11.1%)":[231],"(14.1%).":[235],"All":[236],"results":[238],"statistically":[240],"significant":[241],"(\u03c72=63.945;":[242],"p<0.001).":[243],"CONCLUSIONS:":[244],"surgery":[251,289],"is":[252,290],"dependent":[253],"type":[256],"journal;":[258],"those":[265],"JHSA,":[269],"followed":[270],"finally":[275],"RICMA.":[277],"Knowing":[278],"status":[280],"starting":[292],"point":[293],"face":[295],"challenges":[297],"improving":[299],"quality":[301],"our":[303],"research.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}