{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965288686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","title":"Cross-sectional geometric properties of theOtavipithecus mandible","display_name":"Cross-sectional geometric properties of theOtavipithecus mandible","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965288686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","mag":"1965288686","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8779342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126146781","display_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","issn_l":"0002-9483","issn":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ki-jl-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017083044","display_name":"Gary T. Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4428-2102","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4428-2102"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary T. Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA","Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029345400","display_name":"Glenn Carter Conroy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135078","display_name":"Washington University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/036c27j91","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135078"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Glenn C. Conroy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63110","Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63110","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135078"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029345400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549","https://openalex.org/I4210135078"],"apc_list":{"value":4200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.1885,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98584288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"4","first_page":"613","last_page":"623"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10421","display_name":"Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology","score":0.9390000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10421","display_name":"Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology","score":0.9390000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.018799999728798866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandible","display_name":"mandible","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-sectional-geometry","display_name":"cross-sectional geometry","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-properties","display_name":"mechanical properties","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moment-of-inertia","display_name":"moment of inertia","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-index","display_name":"cortical index","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hominoid-evolution","display_name":"hominoid evolution","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/australopithecus-africanus","display_name":"Australopithecus africanus","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paranthropus-robustus","display_name":"Paranthropus robustus","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masticatory-load","display_name":"masticatory load","score":0.6589999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776667090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103237","display_name":"Australopithecus","level":2,"score":0.7035038471221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193206974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6785539","display_name":"Masticatory force","level":2,"score":0.6941534280776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178300618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898509","display_name":"Extant taxon","level":2,"score":0.6837398409843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.6259176135063171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781451080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q265868","display_name":"Cortical bone","level":2,"score":0.610430121421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779767645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281607","display_name":"Mandible (arthropod mouthpart)","level":3,"score":0.5798290967941284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174093841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814962","display_name":"Bite force quotient","level":2,"score":0.5571844577789307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5184366703033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779300802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13147","display_name":"Skull","level":2,"score":0.4238622784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10238366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165618","display_name":"Moment of inertia","level":2,"score":0.42012858390808105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.3272814452648163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3250625729560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.23193126916885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157369684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34740","display_name":"Genus","level":2,"score":0.2011229693889618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14937996864318848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.14754247665405273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06524091958999634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000353","descriptor_name":"Africa, Southern","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005580","descriptor_name":"Fossils","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008409","descriptor_name":"Mastication","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015186","descriptor_name":"Hominidae","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049690","descriptor_name":"History, Ancient","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-u","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126146781","display_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","issn_l":"0002-9483","issn":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ki-jl-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.3.co;2-s","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.3.co;2-s","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199604)99:4<613::aid-ajpa7>3.3.co;2-s","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126146781","display_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","issn_l":"0002-9483","issn":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","ki-jl-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Physical Anthropology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8779342","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8779342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of physical anthropology","raw_type":"Historical Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309024","display_name":"National Geographic Society","ror":"https://ror.org/04bqh5m06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W622903023","https://openalex.org/W1496196869","https://openalex.org/W1966356815","https://openalex.org/W1976322558","https://openalex.org/W1981610192","https://openalex.org/W1991694122","https://openalex.org/W2007294210","https://openalex.org/W2046331824","https://openalex.org/W2053296152","https://openalex.org/W2054259735","https://openalex.org/W2057994062","https://openalex.org/W2058577716","https://openalex.org/W2060918284","https://openalex.org/W2086697920","https://openalex.org/W2093268216","https://openalex.org/W2095385312","https://openalex.org/W2098253011","https://openalex.org/W2100801920","https://openalex.org/W2102563460","https://openalex.org/W2104187486","https://openalex.org/W2111455459","https://openalex.org/W2114411646","https://openalex.org/W2141650604","https://openalex.org/W2145037613","https://openalex.org/W2411280540","https://openalex.org/W2413085352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086697920","https://openalex.org/W2007294210","https://openalex.org/W2102563460","https://openalex.org/W1966627983","https://openalex.org/W2534802112","https://openalex.org/W4400996253","https://openalex.org/W2053296152","https://openalex.org/W7127945246","https://openalex.org/W2403447271","https://openalex.org/W2030536365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cross-sectional":[0],"geometric":[1],"properties":[2,37],"of":[3,15,38,46,50,79,83,101],"the":[4,11,62,76,80,84,99],"postcanine":[5],"mandibular":[6,85],"corpus":[7,86],"are":[8,111],"determined":[9],"for":[10,87],"only":[12],"known":[13],"specimen":[14],"Otavipithecus":[16,29,107],"namibiensis,":[17],"a":[18,125],"middle":[19],"Miocene":[20],"hominoid":[21],"from":[22,54],"southern":[23],"Africa.":[24],"It":[25],"is":[26,30,72],"shown":[27],"that":[28,33,105],"unique":[31],"in":[32,57,75],"several":[34],"important":[35],"mechanical":[36,77,128],"its":[39],"mandible,":[40],"including":[41],"maximum":[42],"and":[43,48,61,67,91,108],"minimum":[44],"moments":[45],"inertia":[47],"distribution":[49],"cortical":[51,122],"bone,":[52],"differ":[53],"patterns":[55],"seen":[56],"both":[58,106],"extant":[59],"hominoids":[60],"early":[63],"hominids":[64],"Australopithecus":[65,68],"africanus":[66,110],"(Paranthropus)":[69],"robustus.":[70],"This":[71],"particularly":[73],"apparent":[74],"design":[78],"posterior":[81],"portion":[82],"resisting":[88],"increased":[89,116],"torsional":[90],"transverse":[92],"bending":[93],"moments.":[94],"Cortical":[95],"index":[96],"values":[97],"at":[98],"level":[100],"M2":[102],"also":[103],"reveal":[104],"A.":[109],"similarly":[112],"designed":[113],"to":[114],"resist":[115],"masticatory":[117],"loads":[118],"with":[119],"relatively":[120],"less":[121],"bone":[123],"area,":[124],"highly":[126],"efficient":[127],"design.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
