{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965202124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","title":"Homeboy Industries: An Incubator of Hope and Businesses","display_name":"Homeboy Industries: An Incubator of Hope and Businesses","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965202124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","mag":"1965202124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187626162","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice","issn_l":"1042-2587","issn":["1042-2587","1540-6520","1540-8520"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016373607","display_name":"David Yhonsung Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-6481","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5347-6481"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35566140","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Y. Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Management and Entrepreneurship and Associate Director of the Hilton Center for Entrepreneurship at Loyola Marymount University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management and Entrepreneurship and Associate Director of the Hilton Center for Entrepreneurship at Loyola Marymount University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016939029","display_name":"Fred Kiesner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35566140","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred Kiesner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Entrepreneurship at Loyola Marymount University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Entrepreneurship at Loyola Marymount University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016373607"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2734,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86521003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"5","first_page":"769","last_page":"786"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14464","display_name":"Community Development and Social Impact","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13151","display_name":"Business Strategies and Innovation","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/former-gang-members","display_name":"former gang members","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-entrepreneurship","display_name":"social entrepreneurship","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-ventures","display_name":"social ventures","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-incubation","display_name":"business incubation","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-los-angeles","display_name":"East Los Angeles","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21905920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900452","display_name":"Incubator","level":2,"score":0.8943450450897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.6449395418167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779702343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166770","display_name":"Depiction","level":2,"score":0.5964588522911072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.47339046001434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.4697796702384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46964260935783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.4411354660987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.43799203634262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776601338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17152789","display_name":"New Ventures","level":3,"score":0.42162275314331055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3120644688606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2174329161643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S187626162","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice","issn_l":"1042-2587","issn":["1042-2587","1540-6520","1540-8520"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:entthe:v:31:y:2007:i:5:p:769-786","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00199.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968421066","https://openalex.org/W2994889298","https://openalex.org/W2192328159","https://openalex.org/W3122225580","https://openalex.org/W7212180105","https://openalex.org/W2791369553","https://openalex.org/W7216810526","https://openalex.org/W2288957711","https://openalex.org/W2001287176","https://openalex.org/W7036904966"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,97],"case":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,49,56,64,69,72,77,88],"story":[4],"of":[5,58,63,82,92,99],"Homeboy":[6,28,83],"Industries,":[7],"which":[8],"was":[9],"founded":[10],"by":[11],"Father":[12],"Greg":[13],"Boyle,":[14],"S.J.":[15],"to":[16,20,35,60,74],"offer":[17],"employment":[18],"opportunities":[19],"former":[21],"gang":[22],"members":[23],"in":[24],"East":[25],"Los":[26],"Angeles.":[27],"Industries":[29,84],"has":[30],"successfully":[31],"launched":[32],"several":[33,106],"businesses":[34],"hire":[36],"and":[37,79,94,109],"train":[38],"\u201chomies\u201d":[39],"who":[40],"otherwise":[41],"may":[42],"not":[43],"have":[44],"found":[45],"jobs.":[46],"Michael":[47],"Baca,":[48],"new":[50],"operations":[51],"director,":[52],"is":[53,71],"faced":[54],"with":[55,87],"decision":[57,70],"whether":[59],"pursue":[61],"expansion":[62],"promising":[65],"merchandising":[66],"division.":[67],"Complicating":[68],"need":[73],"balance":[75],"both":[76],"social":[78,116],"business":[80],"objectives":[81],"while":[85],"dealing":[86],"organization's":[89],"extreme":[90],"shortage":[91],"managerial":[93],"financial":[95],"resources.":[96],"depiction":[98],"an":[100],"unusual":[101],"entrepreneurial":[102],"environment":[103],"also":[104],"illustrates":[105],"organizational":[107],"challenges":[108],"philosophical":[110],"dilemmas":[111],"that":[112],"are":[113],"common":[114],"among":[115],"ventures.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}