{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964880452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","title":"Biomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of biofuels: A review","display_name":"Biomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of biofuels: A review","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964880452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","mag":"1964880452"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171918450","display_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy","issn_l":"0961-9534","issn":["0961-9534","1873-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090357885","display_name":"M. J. C. van der Stelt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.J.C. van der Stelt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061546805","display_name":"H. Gerhauser","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802259095","display_name":"Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands","ror":"https://ror.org/04xa4c474","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802259095"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Gerhauser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Unit ECN Biomass, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Unit ECN Biomass, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802259095"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063504083","display_name":"J.H.A. Kiel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5675-0407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5675-0407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802259095","display_name":"Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands","ror":"https://ror.org/04xa4c474","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802259095"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.H.A. Kiel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Unit ECN Biomass, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Unit ECN Biomass, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802259095"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109052610","display_name":"Krzysztof J. Ptasinski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K.J. Ptasinski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109052610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"],"apc_list":{"value":4270,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4270},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":62.994,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1295,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99963951,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"9","first_page":"3748","last_page":"3762"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10171","display_name":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12118","display_name":"Forest Biomass Utilization and Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torrefaction","display_name":"torrefaction","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-valorization","display_name":"biomass valorization","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-biofuels","display_name":"solid biofuels","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofuel-production","display_name":"biofuel production","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemicellulose-degradation","display_name":"hemicellulose degradation","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-removal","display_name":"oxygen removal","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-pretreatment","display_name":"biomass pretreatment","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-gasification","display_name":"biomass gasification","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-combustion","display_name":"biomass combustion","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-density","display_name":"energy density","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-and-energy-balance","display_name":"mass and energy balance","score":0.8949999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162857116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908322","display_name":"Torrefaction","level":3,"score":0.9932611584663391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.8118016719818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.7572116851806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6407355070114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776073808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407490","display_name":"Hemicellulose","level":3,"score":0.5878268480300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.570601224899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.5458588600158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169031021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132508","display_name":"Biomass to liquid","level":3,"score":0.5443931818008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.48755067586898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.46730825304985046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55766333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11136680","display_name":"Inert gas","level":2,"score":0.4549630582332611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196832758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408429","display_name":"Solid fuel","level":3,"score":0.44954296946525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.28284746408462524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2825968265533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184817","display_name":"Lignin","level":2,"score":0.16908058524131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.10550981760025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.061364591121673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06114298105239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171918450","display_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy","issn_l":"0961-9534","issn":["0961-9534","1873-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/9977d64e-2d58-4bb1-a06c-853f1b589532","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/9977d64e-2d58-4bb1-a06c-853f1b589532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Stelt, van der, M J C, Gerhauser, H, Kiel, J H A & Ptasinski, K J 2011, 'Biomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of biofuels : a review', Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 3748-3762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.06.023","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:651280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=651280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:0961-9534","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:651280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/651280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:0961-9534","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:library.tue.nl:651280","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/651280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(9), 3748","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/9977d64e-2d58-4bb1-a06c-853f1b589532","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/9977d64e-2d58-4bb1-a06c-853f1b589532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biomass and Bioenergy, 35(9), 3748 - 3762. Elsevier","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.5171999931335449}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79176006","https://openalex.org/W407248962","https://openalex.org/W636671698","https://openalex.org/W1522707016","https://openalex.org/W1587415069","https://openalex.org/W1810369184","https://openalex.org/W1814064898","https://openalex.org/W1819935898","https://openalex.org/W1966052485","https://openalex.org/W1968703914","https://openalex.org/W1973863663","https://openalex.org/W1979115961","https://openalex.org/W1986239889","https://openalex.org/W1993510483","https://openalex.org/W2007094561","https://openalex.org/W2012694910","https://openalex.org/W2013225158","https://openalex.org/W2013658417","https://openalex.org/W2020221469","https://openalex.org/W2024685596","https://openalex.org/W2026529056","https://openalex.org/W2026969734","https://openalex.org/W2029204509","https://openalex.org/W2035655443","https://openalex.org/W2036038089","https://openalex.org/W2045053150","https://openalex.org/W2047054510","https://openalex.org/W2050268215","https://openalex.org/W2053727082","https://openalex.org/W2054492352","https://openalex.org/W2062578206","https://openalex.org/W2069754187","https://openalex.org/W2072395295","https://openalex.org/W2074453170","https://openalex.org/W2074695162","https://openalex.org/W2074734700","https://openalex.org/W2075578420","https://openalex.org/W2085395541","https://openalex.org/W2085683287","https://openalex.org/W2100398203","https://openalex.org/W2101763691","https://openalex.org/W2128156964","https://openalex.org/W2131936566","https://openalex.org/W2139682665","https://openalex.org/W2165575725","https://openalex.org/W2166285603","https://openalex.org/W2795266090","https://openalex.org/W2945274426","https://openalex.org/W2946501971","https://openalex.org/W4245425307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3025903572","https://openalex.org/W2055748013","https://openalex.org/W3134726054","https://openalex.org/W7100112805","https://openalex.org/W7168047849","https://openalex.org/W2810928829","https://openalex.org/W2773106289","https://openalex.org/W4281558997","https://openalex.org/W4296906659","https://openalex.org/W2102405594"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":103},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":120},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":124},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":108},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":145},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":111},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":99},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":107},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":68},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":42}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
