{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964778013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","title":"The democratization of service delivery","display_name":"The democratization of service delivery","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964778013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","mag":"1964778013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/0300443951060103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145930022","display_name":"Early Child Development and Care","issn_l":"0300-4430","issn":["0300-4430","1476-8275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Early Child Development and Care","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034058346","display_name":"John W. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-6823","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-6823","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-9976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John W. Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["a   Department of Sociology , University of Miami","Department of Sociology , University of Miami"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a   Department of Sociology , University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology , University of Miami","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066949512","display_name":"Karen A. Callaghan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151583259","display_name":"Barry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04r1hh402","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151583259"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen A. Callaghan","raw_affiliation_strings":["b   Department of Sociology , Barry University","Department of Sociology , Barry University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b   Department of Sociology , Barry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151583259"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology , Barry University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151583259"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113989513","display_name":"Charles F. Longino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47251452","display_name":"Wake Forest University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207ad724","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles F. Longino","raw_affiliation_strings":["c  Wake Forest University","Wake Forest University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c  Wake Forest University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wake Forest University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47251452"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2987436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"106","issue":"1","first_page":"19","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13624","display_name":"Social Sciences and Policies","score":0.16869999468326569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13624","display_name":"Social Sciences and Policies","score":0.16869999468326569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13594","display_name":"Healthcare innovation and challenges","score":0.09989999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.09669999778270721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratization","display_name":"democratization","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-delivery","display_name":"health care delivery","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-service-organizations","display_name":"social service organizations","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privatization","display_name":"privatization","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-intervention","display_name":"state intervention","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"knowledge base","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-relationships","display_name":"interpersonal relationships","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-organizations","display_name":"service organizations","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-care","display_name":"child care","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17058734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064441","display_name":"Democratization","level":4,"score":0.9475126266479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68595000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2274177","display_name":"Service delivery framework","level":3,"score":0.6314154267311096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5605030655860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5198317170143127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.498138427734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.46357327699661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4518532156944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4236026406288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994130222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205398","display_name":"Social care","level":2,"score":0.4175660014152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4146914482116699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.37149304151535034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.33583399653434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3200083076953888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2523786723613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2133752405643463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.18532264232635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.171995609998703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.16613247990608215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.13110119104385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08598598837852478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/0300443951060103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0300443951060103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145930022","display_name":"Early Child Development and Care","issn_l":"0300-4430","issn":["0300-4430","1476-8275"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Early Child Development and Care","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W637619918","https://openalex.org/W1504581797","https://openalex.org/W1807260166","https://openalex.org/W1973294727","https://openalex.org/W2067562289","https://openalex.org/W2122588695","https://openalex.org/W2125274265","https://openalex.org/W2328011167","https://openalex.org/W2329282404","https://openalex.org/W2802435436","https://openalex.org/W2947613203","https://openalex.org/W4298288102","https://openalex.org/W4301044590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W606372006","https://openalex.org/W3006664380","https://openalex.org/W2493980593","https://openalex.org/W2497877698","https://openalex.org/W4254737401","https://openalex.org/W4352977005","https://openalex.org/W2561672925","https://openalex.org/W624124143","https://openalex.org/W6990266146","https://openalex.org/W4411927913"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"debate":[1],"is":[2,50],"currently":[3],"raging":[4],"about":[5,66],"the":[6,12,22,29,32,51,67],"future":[7],"of":[8,24,31,53,69],"health":[9,33],"care":[10,34],"in":[11,21,74],"United":[13],"States.":[14],"Some":[15],"parties":[16],"want":[17],"more":[18],"government":[19],"intervention":[20],"delivery":[23],"service,":[25],"while":[26],"others":[27],"advocate":[28],"privatization":[30],"system.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37,60],"discussion,":[38],"however,":[39],"an":[40],"important":[41],"dimension":[42],"has":[43,47],"been":[44,48],"overlooked.":[45],"What":[46],"obscured":[49],"impact":[52],"democratization":[54,68],"on":[55],"social":[56,80],"service":[57,83],"organizations.":[58],"Accordingly,":[59],"article":[61],"advances":[62],"some":[63],"preliminary":[64],"notions":[65],"care.":[70],"The":[71],"authors":[72],"illustrate":[73],"their":[75],"discussion":[76],"how":[77],"knowledge":[78],"bases,":[79],"relationships,":[81],"and":[82],"agencies":[84],"can":[85],"be":[86],"democratized.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-24T07:57:37.273135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}