{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964697258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","title":"Professionalism Online","display_name":"Professionalism Online","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964697258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","mag":"1964697258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1940161208326927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161861253","display_name":"The International Journal of Press/Politics","issn_l":"1040-1620","issn":["1040-1620","1940-1612","1940-1620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Press/Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051682911","display_name":"Janet E. Steele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-5554","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-5554"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Janet Steele","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Washington University , Washington, D.C"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Washington University , Washington, D.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051682911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95808967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":"91","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.8130000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.8130000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13625","display_name":"Journalism and Media Studies","score":0.12460000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.04309999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malaysiakini","display_name":"Malaysiakini","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-journalism","display_name":"independent journalism","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/journalistic-professionalism","display_name":"journalistic professionalism","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authoritarianism","display_name":"authoritarianism","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barisan-nasional","display_name":"Barisan Nasional","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-news","display_name":"online news","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blogging","display_name":"blogging","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-censorship","display_name":"internet censorship","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-ownership","display_name":"media ownership","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy","display_name":"democracy","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civic-discourse","display_name":"civic discourse","score":0.7409999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68346564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6229","display_name":"Authoritarianism","level":4,"score":0.7443058490753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119513131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11030","display_name":"Journalism","level":2,"score":0.6962106823921204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52930066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543","display_name":"Censorship","level":2,"score":0.556790292263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5538163781166077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5333981513977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777617010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18957","display_name":"Mainstream","level":2,"score":0.5252732038497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531745192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155573","display_name":"Technical Journalism","level":3,"score":0.5152407288551331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5095899105072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5093518495559692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.5027954578399658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.49346983432769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43254250288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422321","display_name":"Blueprint","level":2,"score":0.43253758549690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.42805618047714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.38426998257637024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.31841087341308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1940161208326927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208326927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161861253","display_name":"The International Journal of Press/Politics","issn_l":"1040-1620","issn":["1040-1620","1940-1612","1940-1620"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Press/Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21452090","https://openalex.org/W235546266","https://openalex.org/W564216271","https://openalex.org/W586108708","https://openalex.org/W1507669637","https://openalex.org/W1979324238","https://openalex.org/W2002136570","https://openalex.org/W2061579347","https://openalex.org/W2069736868","https://openalex.org/W2070407757","https://openalex.org/W2093540565","https://openalex.org/W2120271860","https://openalex.org/W2124122196","https://openalex.org/W2318127507","https://openalex.org/W2340492505","https://openalex.org/W2497876804","https://openalex.org/W2553729404","https://openalex.org/W2797053044","https://openalex.org/W2800048123","https://openalex.org/W4243221178","https://openalex.org/W4251139342","https://openalex.org/W4252502247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095487655","https://openalex.org/W2917338740","https://openalex.org/W2137782484","https://openalex.org/W1185508548","https://openalex.org/W2734754216","https://openalex.org/W3205746881","https://openalex.org/W131413077","https://openalex.org/W2503667375","https://openalex.org/W2584415705","https://openalex.org/W4394881359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3],"the":[4,11,18,62,78,97,105,121,130,133,149,162,165],"online":[5],"news":[6,73,116],"service":[7],"Malaysiakini":[8,36,88,111,137,147,185],"and":[9,31,41,52,118,123],"describes":[10],"specific":[12],"mechanisms":[13],"by":[14,61,66,170],"which":[15,71],"it":[16,119],"uses":[17,148],"ideology":[19],"of":[20,38,50,68,92,125,132,151,158,164],"independent":[21],"journalism":[22,153],"to":[23,47,77,140,154,181],"challenge":[24],"authoritarianism.":[25],"It":[26],"takes":[27],"an":[28,93],"ethnographic":[29],"approach":[30],"analyzes":[32],"how":[33,42],"journalists":[34,56],"at":[35],"conceive":[37],"\u201cindependent":[39],"journalism\u201d":[40],"this":[43],"understanding":[44],"is":[45,120],"related":[46],"broader":[48],"questions":[49],"democracy":[51],"social":[53],"change.":[54],"Malaysian":[55],"are":[57,75,179],"not":[58],"only":[59],"restricted":[60],"law":[63,98],"but":[64],"also":[65],"structures":[67],"ownership":[69],"in":[70,96,173,194],"mainstream":[72],"organizations":[74],"linked":[76],"ruling":[79],"Barisan":[80,166],"Nasional":[81],"coalition.":[82],"Like":[83],"Malaysia's":[84,109],"proliferating":[85],"blogging":[86],"community,":[87],"has":[89],"taken":[90],"advantage":[91],"unlikely":[94],"loophole":[95],"that":[99,135,146,172],"promises":[100],"a":[101,114,175,188],"\u201cno-censorship\u201d":[102],"policy":[103],"for":[104,190],"Internet.":[106],"Yet":[107],"unlike":[108],"bloggers,":[110],"functions":[112],"as":[113],"traditional":[115],"provider,":[117],"norms":[122,150],"values":[124],"journalistic":[126],"professionalism":[127],"rather":[128],"than":[129],"medium":[131],"Internet":[134],"make":[136],"so":[138],"threatening":[139],"government":[141],"authorities.":[142],"The":[143],"author":[144],"argues":[145],"good":[152],"legitimize":[155],"alternative":[156],"views":[157],"events,":[159],"thus":[160],"challenging":[161],"authoritarianism":[163],"Nasional.":[167],"She":[168],"concludes":[169],"suggesting":[171],"creating":[174],"space":[176],"where":[177],"citizens":[178],"free":[180],"express":[182],"their":[183],"opinions,":[184],"deliberately":[186],"promotes":[187],"blueprint":[189],"democratic":[191],"civic":[192],"discourse":[193],"Malaysia.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}