{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964605067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","title":"Emerging viral and bacterial infections of the central nervous system","display_name":"Emerging viral and bacterial infections of the central nervous system","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964605067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","mag":"1964605067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=12629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240604","display_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","issn_l":"1179-1497","issn":["1179-1497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=12629","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112464690","display_name":"Brian Joseph Balin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-5153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-5153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","display_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00m9c2804","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Balin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology/Microbiology/Immunology and Forensic Medicine, Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology/Microbiology/Immunology and Forensic Medicine, Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103385130","display_name":"Hammond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","display_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00m9c2804","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hammond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology/Microbiology/Immunology and Forensic Medicine, Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology/Microbiology/Immunology and Forensic Medicine, Center for Chronic Disorders of Aging, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103385130","https://openalex.org/A5112464690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2231,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55212296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2012","issue":"4","first_page":"35","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13201","display_name":"Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13201","display_name":"Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis","score":0.9057999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12492","display_name":"Zoonotic diseases and public health","score":0.031700000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-infectious-diseases","display_name":"emerging infectious diseases","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system-infection","display_name":"central nervous system infection","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-infection","display_name":"bacterial infection","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meningitis","display_name":"meningitis","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encephalitis","display_name":"encephalitis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegenerative-diseases","display_name":"neurodegenerative diseases","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoonoses","display_name":"zoonoses","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insect-vectors","display_name":"insect vectors","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosenescence","display_name":"immunosenescence","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutation","display_name":"genetic mutations","score":0.48399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6943314075469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190743605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027885","display_name":"Human virome","level":4,"score":0.606685996055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5575599670410156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.43335843086242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3369872272014618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.22769397497177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.22283655405044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1186898946762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1163981556892395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=12629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240604","display_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","issn_l":"1179-1497","issn":["1179-1497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.pcom.edu:scholarly_papers-1416","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/scholarly_papers/295","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/scholarly_papers/295","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196547","display_name":"Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","host_organization_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PCOM Scholarly Works","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dovepress.com/9795","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/emerging-viral-and-bacterial-infections-of-the-central-nervous-system-peer-reviewed-article-NBHIV","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401012","display_name":"Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Review"},{"id":"mag:834357743","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1416&context=scholarly_papers","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240604","display_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","issn_l":"1179-1497","issn":["1179-1497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/nbhiv.s24201","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=12629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240604","display_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","issn_l":"1179-1497","issn":["1179-1497"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neurobehavioral HIV Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1964605067.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1964605067.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":136,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44675895","https://openalex.org/W162401021","https://openalex.org/W1070905937","https://openalex.org/W1487246189","https://openalex.org/W1505459276","https://openalex.org/W1506487234","https://openalex.org/W1624104637","https://openalex.org/W1807251344","https://openalex.org/W1841389452","https://openalex.org/W1875597365","https://openalex.org/W1966979525","https://openalex.org/W1970948184","https://openalex.org/W1971663674","https://openalex.org/W1973647109","https://openalex.org/W1973689083","https://openalex.org/W1975996377","https://openalex.org/W1977884541","https://openalex.org/W1981802501","https://openalex.org/W1983336459","https://openalex.org/W1983414708","https://openalex.org/W1988039289","https://openalex.org/W1988151436","https://openalex.org/W1990732344","https://openalex.org/W1991030547","https://openalex.org/W1991953940","https://openalex.org/W1992147205","https://openalex.org/W1992436728","https://openalex.org/W1993712001","https://openalex.org/W2000160850","https://openalex.org/W2000379621","https://openalex.org/W2000707546","https://openalex.org/W2000935322","https://openalex.org/W2001464444","https://openalex.org/W2001696040","https://openalex.org/W2008688804","https://openalex.org/W2016034909","https://openalex.org/W2016563525","https://openalex.org/W2016624175","https://openalex.org/W2017308668","https://openalex.org/W2017524691","https://openalex.org/W2023441280","https://openalex.org/W2026462677","https://openalex.org/W2026589693","https://openalex.org/W2028143626","https://openalex.org/W2030727523","https://openalex.org/W2031254719","https://openalex.org/W2034377840","https://openalex.org/W2034806350","https://openalex.org/W2035851939","https://openalex.org/W2037373783","https://openalex.org/W2038180816","https://openalex.org/W2040243107","https://openalex.org/W2042094306","https://openalex.org/W2042771862","https://openalex.org/W2043038158","https://openalex.org/W2044508366","https://openalex.org/W2046431596","https://openalex.org/W2047690693","https://openalex.org/W2048441281","https://openalex.org/W2049059195","https://openalex.org/W2052340228","https://openalex.org/W2053611532","https://openalex.org/W2057768969","https://openalex.org/W2057965717","https://openalex.org/W2059369279","https://openalex.org/W2062504884","https://openalex.org/W2062785324","https://openalex.org/W2064740336","https://openalex.org/W2069453256","https://openalex.org/W2072788915","https://openalex.org/W2081199664","https://openalex.org/W2081293107","https://openalex.org/W2081689918","https://openalex.org/W2081945172","https://openalex.org/W2083874329","https://openalex.org/W2085725444","https://openalex.org/W2085731198","https://openalex.org/W2087606023","https://openalex.org/W2088173462","https://openalex.org/W2088177247","https://openalex.org/W2090711889","https://openalex.org/W2092871280","https://openalex.org/W2094336084","https://openalex.org/W2097025094","https://openalex.org/W2097446992","https://openalex.org/W2100802090","https://openalex.org/W2104957765","https://openalex.org/W2105626629","https://openalex.org/W2110217483","https://openalex.org/W2110508164","https://openalex.org/W2110514337","https://openalex.org/W2110721832","https://openalex.org/W2112164609","https://openalex.org/W2113944963","https://openalex.org/W2116208514","https://openalex.org/W2116964498","https://openalex.org/W2117045214","https://openalex.org/W2122571793","https://openalex.org/W2125244470","https://openalex.org/W2127511592","https://openalex.org/W2127949919","https://openalex.org/W2128458987","https://openalex.org/W2129665816","https://openalex.org/W2134869452","https://openalex.org/W2137477090","https://openalex.org/W2139139794","https://openalex.org/W2140330056","https://openalex.org/W2140796553","https://openalex.org/W2143217444","https://openalex.org/W2151181495","https://openalex.org/W2153341459","https://openalex.org/W2154242572","https://openalex.org/W2157442946","https://openalex.org/W2160327148","https://openalex.org/W2162373315","https://openalex.org/W2162566992","https://openalex.org/W2165229568","https://openalex.org/W2165460465","https://openalex.org/W2166305421","https://openalex.org/W2166812293","https://openalex.org/W2167839862","https://openalex.org/W2169315144","https://openalex.org/W2181368320","https://openalex.org/W2314824087","https://openalex.org/W2329413583","https://openalex.org/W2332065169","https://openalex.org/W2403027066","https://openalex.org/W2404976558","https://openalex.org/W2498604088","https://openalex.org/W2903517391","https://openalex.org/W2974481526","https://openalex.org/W3147698811","https://openalex.org/W4234238028","https://openalex.org/W4235587474","https://openalex.org/W4237440052","https://openalex.org/W6666031962"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W834357743","https://openalex.org/W3041383894","https://openalex.org/W4312475328","https://openalex.org/W2803765491","https://openalex.org/W3128232792","https://openalex.org/W2154242572","https://openalex.org/W2235787179","https://openalex.org/W4404130389","https://openalex.org/W4283221411","https://openalex.org/W2344443195"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"This":[1],"review":[2,178],"focuses":[3],"on":[4],"emerging":[5],"viral":[6],"and":[7,24,38,53,77,122,151,161,192],"bacterial":[8,162],"infections":[9,27,163],"in":[10,50,136,164,195,198],"the":[11,61,84,88,106,132,149,156,182,199],"human":[12,114],"central":[13,205],"nervous":[14,206],"system":[15],"(CNS)":[16],"that":[17],"are":[18,129,158,174],"responsible":[19,30],"for":[20,31,131,141],"significant":[21],"global":[22,73],"morbidity":[23],"mortality.":[25],"These":[26,127],"include":[28],"those":[29,42],"acute":[32],"neurological":[33],"disease":[34],"such":[35,144],"as":[36,40,145],"meningitis":[37],"encephalitis":[39],"well":[41],"associated":[43],"with":[44,116],"chronic":[45,165],"neurodegenerative":[46,166],"conditions.":[47],"Recent":[48],"changes":[49],"climate":[51],"conditions":[52],"pollution":[54],"have":[55,82],"been":[56],"precipitating":[57],"factors":[58],"leading":[59],"to":[60,79,105,171],"emergence":[62,143,208],"of":[63,65,91,93,98,102,124,148,155,188],"many":[64,92],"these":[66,94],"pathogenic":[67],"organisms.":[68,126],"In":[69],"addition,":[70],"increased":[71,113],"urbanization,":[72],"travel,":[74],"life":[75],"span,":[76],"exposure":[78],"new":[80,99,103],"vectors":[81],"promoted":[83],"organisms'":[85],"spread":[86,108],"across":[87],"globe.":[89],"Categorization":[90],"organisms":[95,134,150,183],"includes":[96],"identification":[97],"species,":[100],"recognition":[101],"tropism":[104],"CNS,":[107],"into":[109],"na\u00efve":[110],"demographic":[111],"areas,":[112],"contact":[115],"zoonotic":[117],"repositories":[118],"including":[119],"insect":[120],"vectors,":[121],"reemergence":[123],"well-known":[125],"mechanisms":[128,140],"highlighted":[130],"different":[133],"included":[135,184],"this":[137,177],"review.":[138],"Other":[139],"CNS":[142,196],"genetic":[146],"mutation":[147],"immunosuppression":[152],"and/or":[153],"immunosenescence":[154],"host":[157],"addressed.":[159],"Viral":[160],"diseases":[167],"traditionally":[168],"not":[169],"thought":[170],"be":[172,180],"infectious":[173],"considered.":[175],"Although":[176],"cannot":[179],"all-inclusive,":[181],"represent":[185],"a":[186],"sampling":[187],"extremely":[189],"important":[190],"microbes":[191],"their":[193],"role":[194],"pathogenesis":[197],"twenty-first":[200],"century.":[201],"Keywords:":[202],"viruses,":[203],"bacteria,":[204],"system,":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}