{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964603849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","title":"Effect of Sulfur and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Content of Nutritionally Relevant Carotenoids in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)","display_name":"Effect of Sulfur and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Content of Nutritionally Relevant Carotenoids in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964603849","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","mag":"1964603849","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22607490"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/jf301114p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134644764","display_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","issn_l":"0021-8561","issn":["0021-8561","1520-5118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048328646","display_name":"Constance Reif","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constance Reif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054894815","display_name":"Eva Arrigoni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eva Arrigoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087452840","display_name":"R. Neuweiler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reto Neuweiler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073160850","display_name":"Daniel U. Baumgartner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6005-0446","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6005-0446"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Baumgartner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Station Agroscope Changins-W\u00e4denswil ACW, Schloss 1,\r8820 W\u00e4denswil, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038026512","display_name":"Laura Nystr\u00f6m","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-4913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0440-4913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254693","display_name":"Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/024bje446","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405254693"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Nystr\u00f6m","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Food,\rNutrition and Health, Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00fcrich, Schmelzbergstrasse\r7-9, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Food,\rNutrition and Health, Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00fcrich, Schmelzbergstrasse\r7-9, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405254693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021333694","display_name":"Richard F. Hurrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9328-7300","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9328-7300"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405254693","display_name":"Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/024bje446","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405254693"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard F. Hurrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Food,\rNutrition and Health, Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00fcrich, Schmelzbergstrasse\r7-9, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Food,\rNutrition and Health, Eidgen\u00f6ssische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Z\u00fcrich, Schmelzbergstrasse\r7-9, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405254693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054894815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6768,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89118183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"23","first_page":"5819","last_page":"5824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12566","display_name":"Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica","score":0.8637999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12566","display_name":"Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica","score":0.8637999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11418","display_name":"Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects","score":0.045099999755620956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.0333000011742115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinach","display_name":"spinach","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfur-fertilization","display_name":"sulphur fertilization","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carotenoids","display_name":"carotenoids","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lutein","display_name":"lutein","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-carotene","display_name":"beta-carotene","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll","display_name":"chlorophyll","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-crops","display_name":"winter crops","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/summer-crops","display_name":"summer crops","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sulfur-dioxide","display_name":"atmospheric sulfur dioxide","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28781525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191907","display_name":"Carotenoid","level":2,"score":0.9094955921173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148968","display_name":"Spinacia","level":4,"score":0.8988487720489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780054949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1421117","display_name":"Spinach","level":2,"score":0.8516838550567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518881349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682","display_name":"Sulfur","level":2,"score":0.7524121999740601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778411929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422067","display_name":"Lutein","level":3,"score":0.665724515914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.6180654764175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88972607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666904","display_name":"Human fertilization","level":2,"score":0.5669724345207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.5564664006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5469456315040588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.45963364839553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.45468780398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133878","display_name":"Chlorophyll a","level":2,"score":0.41077521443367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3241392970085144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2893075942993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.27835774421691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.09268438816070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69305403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47263","display_name":"Chloroplast","level":3,"score":0.0644993782043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001682","descriptor_name":"Biological Availability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005308","descriptor_name":"Fertilizers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009584","descriptor_name":"Nitrogen","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009753","descriptor_name":"Nutritive Value","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012621","descriptor_name":"Seasons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013455","descriptor_name":"Sulfur","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014975","descriptor_name":"Lutein","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018724","descriptor_name":"Spinacia oleracea","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019207","descriptor_name":"beta Carotene","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/jf301114p","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/jf301114p","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134644764","display_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","issn_l":"0021-8561","issn":["0021-8561","1520-5118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22607490","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22607490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92167677","https://openalex.org/W116706776","https://openalex.org/W155945970","https://openalex.org/W1532517383","https://openalex.org/W1542649433","https://openalex.org/W1948960884","https://openalex.org/W1978283668","https://openalex.org/W1992291754","https://openalex.org/W1993073158","https://openalex.org/W1996393515","https://openalex.org/W2006113562","https://openalex.org/W2010721579","https://openalex.org/W2041604992","https://openalex.org/W2065680431","https://openalex.org/W2072156920","https://openalex.org/W2076171530","https://openalex.org/W2100890076","https://openalex.org/W2110159726","https://openalex.org/W2118582023","https://openalex.org/W2141538290","https://openalex.org/W2147629607","https://openalex.org/W2150536974","https://openalex.org/W2151379494","https://openalex.org/W2153271274","https://openalex.org/W2168006442","https://openalex.org/W2169767268","https://openalex.org/W2171008520","https://openalex.org/W2187614255","https://openalex.org/W2591297589","https://openalex.org/W3159575388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990071299","https://openalex.org/W116706776","https://openalex.org/W7083178569","https://openalex.org/W2767030313","https://openalex.org/W2070218549","https://openalex.org/W2782409443","https://openalex.org/W2002745249","https://openalex.org/W2774756665","https://openalex.org/W2062716701","https://openalex.org/W2792752171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spinach":[0],"is":[1,12,129],"an":[2,21],"important":[3],"dietary":[4],"source":[5],"of":[6,24,45,56,134],"lutein":[7],"and":[8,18,26,47,53,66,73,109],"\u03b2-carotene.":[9],"Their":[10],"synthesis":[11,17],"closely":[13],"linked":[14],"to":[15,41],"chlorophyll":[16,54,67],"dependent":[19],"upon":[20,104],"adequate":[22],"supply":[23],"sulfur":[25,46,90,124,132],"nitrogen.":[27],"Soils":[28],"may":[29,138],"become":[30],"sulfur-deficient":[31],"during":[32],"winter":[33,62,122,137],"because":[34],"microorganisms":[35],"convert":[36],"atmospheric":[37,110],"SO2":[38],"less":[39],"efficiently":[40],"sulfate.":[42],"The":[43],"influence":[44],"nitrogen":[48,119],"fertilization":[49,91,133],"on":[50],"the":[51,98,101],"carotenoid":[52,144],"contents":[55],"spinach":[57,135],"grown":[58,152],"in":[59,78,81,92,97,121,126,136,153],"summer":[60,79],"or":[61,115,123],"was":[63],"investigated.":[64],"Carotenoid":[65],"levels":[68,84,145],"were":[69,75,85,113],"positively":[70],"correlated.":[71],"Lutein":[72],"\u03b2-carotene":[74],"25%":[76],"higher":[77],"than":[80],"winter.":[82],"Winter":[83],"increased":[86],"by":[87,89,118],"35-40%":[88],"one":[93],"location":[94],"but":[95,142],"not":[96,116],"other,":[99],"with":[100,149],"impact":[102],"depending":[103],"soil":[105],"type,":[106],"growing":[107],"location,":[108],"conditions.":[111],"Carotenoids":[112],"little":[114],"affected":[117],"addition":[120,125],"summer.":[127,154],"It":[128],"concluded":[130],"that":[131],"modestly":[139],"increase":[140],"carotenoids":[141],"high":[143],"are":[146],"best":[147],"assured":[148],"carotenoid-rich":[150],"cultivars":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
