{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964573367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","title":"Analysis of the Austenite Grain Size Distribution in Plain Carbon Steels.","display_name":"Analysis of the Austenite Grain Size Distribution in Plain Carbon Steels.","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964573367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","mag":"1964573367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/isijinternational1989/39/3/39_3_271/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63511553","display_name":"ISIJ International","issn_l":"0915-1559","issn":["0915-1559","1347-5460"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800556","host_organization_name":"The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISIJ International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/isijinternational1989/39/3/39_3_271/_pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026037903","display_name":"Alan Giumelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. K. Giumelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060186791","display_name":"Matthias Militzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-5117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1995-5117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Militzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087488178","display_name":"E. B. Hawbolt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. B. Hawbolt","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, The University of British Columbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":{"value":93000,"currency":"JPY","value_usd":700},"apc_paid":{"value":93000,"currency":"JPY","value_usd":700},"fwci":1.3274,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78730126,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"271","last_page":"280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10386","display_name":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11126","display_name":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11201","display_name":"Metallurgy and Material Forming","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/austenite-grain-size","display_name":"austenite grain size","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-steel","display_name":"mild steel","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-analysis","display_name":"image analysis","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-measurement-errors","display_name":"systematic measurement errors","score":0.6650000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192191005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466491","display_name":"Grain size","level":2,"score":0.7079387307167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96288455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487286","display_name":"Austenite","level":3,"score":0.6897304654121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6459591388702393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60448018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2054937","display_name":"Particle-size distribution","level":3,"score":0.5552456378936768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121745418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585536","display_name":"Quenching (fluorescence)","level":3,"score":0.5278506278991699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.4788253605365753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4532620906829834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4495774209499359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778560533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967996","display_name":"Carbon steel","level":3,"score":0.4486626386642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16721707582473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.15788820385932922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.13205105066299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09456208348274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.08882707357406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06750631332397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.06661209464073181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.06283357739448547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/isijinternational1989/39/3/39_3_271/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63511553","display_name":"ISIJ International","issn_l":"0915-1559","issn":["0915-1559","1347-5460"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800556","host_organization_name":"The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISIJ International","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.39.271","pdf_url":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/isijinternational1989/39/3/39_3_271/_pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63511553","display_name":"ISIJ International","issn_l":"0915-1559","issn":["0915-1559","1347-5460"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800556","host_organization_name":"The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ISIJ International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1964573367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1964573367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W325301870","https://openalex.org/W6607432102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2288323278","https://openalex.org/W4256157276","https://openalex.org/W3155953123","https://openalex.org/W2065785779","https://openalex.org/W2009811331","https://openalex.org/W2049206110","https://openalex.org/W7002659585","https://openalex.org/W2522017336","https://openalex.org/W1990268737","https://openalex.org/W2519438460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,42],"aim":[1],"of":[2,22,37,55,84,94,101],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5,45,73,111,121],"to":[6,75],"report":[7],"methods":[8,63],"for":[9,77,98],"measuring":[10],"the":[11,20,23,53,78,82,85,92,99,102,114,122],"austenite":[12,30],"grain":[13,26,43,88,105],"size":[14,27,44,89,106],"in":[15,81],"plain":[16],"carbon":[17],"steels,":[18],"including":[19],"estimation":[21,100],"three":[24,103],"dimensional":[25,87,104],"distribution.":[28],"Prior":[29],"boundaries":[31],"are":[32,64,69,108],"revealed":[33],"using":[34],"a":[35],"number":[36],"quenching":[38],"and":[39,51,66,119],"etching":[40],"techniques.":[41],"measured":[46],"by":[47,52,91,117],"standard":[48],"manual":[49],"procedures":[50],"use":[54,93],"image":[56,95],"analysis":[57],"equipment.":[58],"Results":[59],"from":[60],"these":[61],"measurement":[62,83],"compared":[65],"systematic":[67,79],"errors":[68],"identified.":[70],"A":[71],"correction":[72],"proposed":[74,116],"account":[76],"error":[80],"two":[86],"distribution":[90,107],"analysis.":[96],"Methods":[97],"compared.":[109],"It":[110],"concluded":[112],"that":[113],"method":[115],"Matsuura":[118],"Itoh":[120],"most":[123],"versatile.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
