{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964479130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","title":"'Ruined and Lost': Spanish Destruction of the Pearl Coast in the Early Sixteenth Century","display_name":"'Ruined and Lost': Spanish Destruction of the Pearl Coast in the Early Sixteenth Century","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964479130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","mag":"1964479130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3197/096734009x437963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134321629","display_name":"Environment and History","issn_l":"0967-3407","issn":["0967-3407","1752-7023"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011981084","display_name":"Michael Perri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51380931","display_name":"Texas A&M University \u2013 Texarkana","ror":"https://ror.org/01x3z9745","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51380931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Perri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor of History Texas A&amp;M University-Texarkana 2600 N. Robison Rd. Texarkana, TX 75505-5518"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor of History Texas A&amp;M University-Texarkana 2600 N. Robison Rd. Texarkana, TX 75505-5518","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51380931","https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011981084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51380931","https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.8583,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98962598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"129","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12283","display_name":"Latin American history and culture","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12283","display_name":"Latin American history and culture","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13460","display_name":"Historical Studies in Latin America","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12512","display_name":"History of Colonial Brazil","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-colonialism","display_name":"Spanish colonialism","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oyster-reefs","display_name":"oyster reefs","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pearl-fishing","display_name":"pearl fishing","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tragedy-of-the-commons","display_name":"tragedy of the commons","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garrett-hardin","display_name":"Garrett Hardin","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cubagua","display_name":"Cubagua","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/16th-century","display_name":"16th century","score":0.7829999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779251273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43436","display_name":"Pearl","level":2,"score":0.8291178941726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140140","display_name":"Mainland","level":2,"score":0.6315277218818665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.5418328642845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776554220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760011","display_name":"Prosperity","level":2,"score":0.5205912590026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777720223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255430","display_name":"Demise","level":2,"score":0.49525442719459534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.45161062479019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.42396217584609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.4188891351222992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.3389146327972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12952247262001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1236264705657959}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3197/096734009x437963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734009x437963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134321629","display_name":"Environment and History","issn_l":"0967-3407","issn":["0967-3407","1752-7023"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Environment and History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.5769000053405762,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W380194047","https://openalex.org/W1508249073","https://openalex.org/W1582071312","https://openalex.org/W1971111413","https://openalex.org/W2042787525","https://openalex.org/W2045284882","https://openalex.org/W2050361581","https://openalex.org/W2156328612","https://openalex.org/W2157217320","https://openalex.org/W2161068103","https://openalex.org/W2318326567","https://openalex.org/W2325934642","https://openalex.org/W2767372071","https://openalex.org/W2800165483","https://openalex.org/W4234314768","https://openalex.org/W4300605200","https://openalex.org/W4302398263"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913537215","https://openalex.org/W3008280037","https://openalex.org/W1522231685","https://openalex.org/W2914035370","https://openalex.org/W2901784799","https://openalex.org/W2913378736","https://openalex.org/W2082606701","https://openalex.org/W7002540843","https://openalex.org/W2507066956","https://openalex.org/W655339043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"the":[2,6,39,48,64,67,76,80,85,89,98,123,129,135,142],"early":[3],"sixteenth":[4],"century,":[5],"area":[7],"that":[8],"today":[9],"comprises":[10],"eastern":[11],"Venezuela":[12],"and":[13,27,84,106,109,113,144],"its":[14],"offshore":[15],"islands":[16],"enriched":[17],"Spain":[18],"with":[19,24,141],"pearls,":[20],"supplied":[21],"Spanish":[22,42,72],"colonists":[23],"Indian":[25],"slaves,":[26],"generated":[28],"high":[29],"hopes":[30],"of":[31,41,63,66,74,82,94,100,117,128,146],"finding":[32],"interior":[33],"civilisations":[34],"rich":[35],"in":[36,44,139],"gold.":[37],"However,":[38],"prosperity":[40],"colonies":[43],"this":[45,69,120],"region":[46],"(called":[47],"Pearl":[49,130],"Coast)":[50],"proved":[51],"tragically":[52],"short-lived,":[53],"lasting":[54],"less":[55],"than":[56],"two":[57],"decades.":[58],"Using":[59],"Garrett":[60],"Hardin's":[61],"concept":[62],"'tragedy":[65],"commons',":[68],"article":[70,121],"examines":[71],"overexploitation":[73],"both":[75],"oyster":[77],"beds":[78],"around":[79],"island":[81],"Cubagua":[83],"native":[86,147],"peoples":[87],"along":[88],"mainland":[90],"by":[91],"competing":[92],"groups":[93],"Spaniards.":[95],"Building":[96],"upon":[97],"works":[99],"historians":[101],"such":[102],"as":[103],"Pablo":[104],"Ojer":[105],"Enrique":[107],"Otte,":[108],"utilising":[110],"archival":[111],"research":[112],"Otte's":[114],"seldom-used":[115],"compilations":[116],"primary":[118],"documents,":[119],"analyses":[122],"dramatic":[124],"but":[125],"little-known":[126],"history":[127],"Coast,":[131],"where":[132],"damage":[133],"to":[134],"environment":[136],"went":[137],"hand":[138,140],"enslavement":[143],"decimation":[145],"populations.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
