{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964315855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","title":"Hebrews and the Ebionites","display_name":"Hebrews and the Ebionites","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964315855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","mag":"1964315855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0028688503000195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111681200","display_name":"New Testament Studies","issn_l":"0028-6885","issn":["0028-6885","1469-8145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Testament Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045912858","display_name":"Michael D. Goulder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"MICHAEL GOULDER","raw_affiliation_strings":["51 Valentine Road, Birmingham B14 7AJ, England","Valentine Road, Birmingham B14 7AJ, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"51 Valentine Road, Birmingham B14 7AJ, England","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Valentine Road, Birmingham B14 7AJ, England","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045912858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1301,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95399405,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"3","first_page":"393","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10362","display_name":"Biblical Studies and Interpretation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10362","display_name":"Biblical Studies and Interpretation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14441","display_name":"Religion, Theology, History, Judaism, Christianity","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14210","display_name":"Historical and Linguistic Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistle-to-the-hebrews","display_name":"Epistle to the Hebrews","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ebionites","display_name":"Ebionites","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jewish-christians","display_name":"Jewish Christians","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irenaeus","display_name":"Irenaeus","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incarnation","display_name":"incarnation","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atonement","display_name":"atonement","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christology","display_name":"Christology","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angels","display_name":"angels","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauline-theology","display_name":"Pauline theology","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191297826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570868","display_name":"Hebrews","level":2,"score":0.9117466807365417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780446828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41374","display_name":"Incarnation","level":2,"score":0.8601014614105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335046","display_name":"Passion","level":2,"score":0.7131107449531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777314847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35856","display_name":"Baptism","level":2,"score":0.6995822191238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150152722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9268","display_name":"Judaism","level":2,"score":0.6782426834106445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.6294474601745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776024401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140925","display_name":"Creed","level":2,"score":0.6006878018379211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776982690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187900","display_name":"Christology","level":2,"score":0.5888748168945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.5618489980697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780422510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027938","display_name":"Humanity","level":2,"score":0.5308970808982849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777840570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187312","display_name":"Yesterday","level":2,"score":0.5192175507545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778692574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5410500","display_name":"Faith","level":2,"score":0.5133189558982849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.41590696573257446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.40691491961479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2875880300998688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0028688503000195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0028688503000195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111681200","display_name":"New Testament Studies","issn_l":"0028-6885","issn":["0028-6885","1469-8145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Testament Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/5e8a2adf-d9e5-4899-8024-2ba5ea9dd05a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/hebrews-and-the-ebionites(5e8a2adf-d9e5-4899-8024-2ba5ea9dd05a).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402634","display_name":"University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","host_organization_name":"University of Birmingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Goulder, M 2003, 'Hebrews and the Ebionites', New Testament Studies, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 393-406. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0028688503000195","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587881721","https://openalex.org/W2487636045","https://openalex.org/W2110096679","https://openalex.org/W4251661874","https://openalex.org/W4234488136","https://openalex.org/W2970606865","https://openalex.org/W2606500125","https://openalex.org/W608491690","https://openalex.org/W7135948099","https://openalex.org/W7000680944"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hebrews":[0],"was":[1],"written":[2],"to":[3,36,49,74,84],"dissuade":[4],"certain":[5],"Jewish-Christian":[6],"members":[7],"of":[8,26,30,60],"the":[9,18,21,43,75,85,93,104],"community":[10],"from":[11,46],"lapsing;":[12],"it":[13],"proclaims":[14],"a":[15,54,109],"Pauline-type":[16],"faith,":[17],"incarnation":[19],"and":[20,62,79,82,99],"atonement.":[22],"Our":[23],"earliest":[24],"account":[25],"Jewish":[27,105],"Christians":[28,106],"is":[29,92],"Irenaeus's":[31],"Ebionites:":[32],"they":[33],"thought":[34],"Christ":[35,91],"be":[37],"an":[38,113],"angelic":[39],"power":[40],"who":[41],"possessed":[42],"human":[44],"Jesus":[45,90],"his":[47,51,68,97],"baptism":[48],"before":[50,96],"passion.":[52,69],"Such":[53],"creed":[55],"would":[56],"explain":[57],"Hebrews'":[58],"deprecation":[59],"angels":[61],"insistence":[63],"on":[64],"Christ's":[65],"humanity":[66],"through":[67],"This":[70],"then":[71],"gives":[72,80],"sense":[73],"widely":[76],"mistranslated":[77],"6.1,":[78],"context":[81],"force":[83],"paraenesis":[86],"in":[87,108],"chapter":[88],"13:":[89],"same":[94],"yesterday,":[95],"incarnation,":[98],"today":[100],"\u2013":[101],"not":[102],"as":[103],"claim,":[107],"temporary":[110],"possession":[111],"by":[112],"angel.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}