{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964101267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","title":"Evaluation of SVM, MLP and GMM Classifiers for Layout Analysis of Historical Documents","display_name":"Evaluation of SVM, MLP and GMM Classifiers for Layout Analysis of Historical Documents","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964101267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","mag":"1964101267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2013.247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101974752","display_name":"Hao Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-6422","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4630-6422"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002982364","display_name":"Micheal Baechler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Micheal Baechler","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087772257","display_name":"Fouad Slimane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fouad Slimane","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018014670","display_name":"Rolf Ingold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-133X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-133X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154338468","display_name":"University of Fribourg","ror":"https://ror.org/022fs9h90","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf Ingold","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIVA Group, Department of Informatics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Inf., Univ. of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154338468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6879,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87210172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1220","last_page":"1224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-documents","display_name":"historical documents","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-layout-analysis","display_name":"document layout analysis","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-mixture-model","display_name":"Gaussian mixture model","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier-comparison","display_name":"classifier comparison","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-image-segmentation","display_name":"document image segmentation","score":0.7450000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.8119768500328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7005720138549805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6745122671127319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.6513996720314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6471107602119446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5414841175079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.5344502329826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.481437623500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.30662864446640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2013.247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2013.247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483284482","https://openalex.org/W1503196035","https://openalex.org/W1546503963","https://openalex.org/W1971310464","https://openalex.org/W1973279663","https://openalex.org/W1982907973","https://openalex.org/W1984516781","https://openalex.org/W1993155451","https://openalex.org/W2001803719","https://openalex.org/W2036233465","https://openalex.org/W2044907962","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2063544209","https://openalex.org/W2111099669","https://openalex.org/W2147105110","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2161717927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984516781","https://openalex.org/W1988371238","https://openalex.org/W2608505037","https://openalex.org/W2044283528","https://openalex.org/W2079017068","https://openalex.org/W2136529249","https://openalex.org/W2119306545","https://openalex.org/W4406619833","https://openalex.org/W4385470515","https://openalex.org/W2120685492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,30],"comparison":[4],"between":[5],"three":[6,51],"classifiers":[7],"based":[8],"on":[9,50,58],"Support":[10],"Vector":[11],"Machines,":[12],"Multi-Layer":[13],"Perceptrons":[14],"and":[15,45],"Gaussian":[16],"Mixture":[17],"Models":[18],"respectively":[19],"to":[20,69],"detect":[21],"physical":[22],"structure":[23],"of":[24,33,41,54],"historical":[25,34,55],"documents.":[26,56],"Each":[27],"classifier":[28],"segments":[29],"scaled":[31],"image":[32],"document":[35],"into":[36],"four":[37],"classes,":[38],"i.e.,":[39],"areas":[40],"periphery,":[42],"background,":[43],"text":[44],"decoration.":[46],"We":[47],"evaluate":[48],"them":[49],"data":[52,59],"sets":[53],"Depending":[57],"sets,":[60],"the":[61],"best":[62],"classification":[63],"rates":[64],"obtained":[65],"vary":[66],"from":[67],"90.35%":[68],"97.47%.":[70]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}