{"id":"https://openalex.org/W196395089","doi":null,"title":"In vitro investigations on uptake and toxicity of cyanobacterial toxins","display_name":"In vitro investigations on uptake and toxicity of cyanobacterial toxins","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W196395089","mag":"196395089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/12498","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","pdf_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andreas Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-8411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-8411"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-8411","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10236","display_name":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10236","display_name":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","score":0.8062000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12756","display_name":"Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties","score":0.0835999995470047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10252","display_name":"Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis","score":0.014399999752640724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyanotoxins","display_name":"cyanotoxins","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcystins","display_name":"microcystins","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyanobacterial-neurotoxins","display_name":"cyanobacterial neurotoxins","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxin-absorption","display_name":"toxin uptake","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxin-toxicity","display_name":"toxin toxicity","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-phosphatase-inhibition","display_name":"protein phosphatase inhibition","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-phosphatase-2a","display_name":"protein phosphatase 2A","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adda","display_name":"Adda","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-anion-transporting-polypeptides","display_name":"organic anion transporting polypeptides","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bile-acid-transport","display_name":"bile acid transport","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organotropism","display_name":"organotropism","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytochrome-p450-metabolism","display_name":"cytochrome P450 metabolism","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genotoxicity","display_name":"genotoxicity","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxicity","display_name":"cytotoxicity","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-human-cells","display_name":"primary human cells","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.42899999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779669040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93315","display_name":"Cyanobacteria","level":3,"score":0.7621521949768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.686920166015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781226839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424720","display_name":"Microcystin","level":4,"score":0.6411575675010681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.6369174718856812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779491297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3338704","display_name":"Neurotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.5850279927253723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160401","display_name":"Congener","level":2,"score":0.4467235803604126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4120844006538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3568103313446045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.34618353843688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.21158906817436218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.17498916387557983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0499187707901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/12498","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","pdf_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},{"id":"mag:196395089","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/bitstream/123456789/12498/1/Dissertation_Andreas%20Fischer.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:kops.uni-konstanz.de:123456789/12498","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","pdf_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-124983","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401487","display_name":"KOPS (University of Konstanz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189712700","host_organization_name":"University of Konstanz","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189712700"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W196395089.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W196395089.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":376,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8170640","https://openalex.org/W10590296","https://openalex.org/W21288777","https://openalex.org/W45846905","https://openalex.org/W55289074","https://openalex.org/W72708654","https://openalex.org/W121314658","https://openalex.org/W124308047","https://openalex.org/W131245144","https://openalex.org/W140944189","https://openalex.org/W190736158","https://openalex.org/W199086821","https://openalex.org/W575588761","https://openalex.org/W1235500975","https://openalex.org/W1485714792","https://openalex.org/W1487379014","https://openalex.org/W1496832150","https://openalex.org/W1503118393","https://openalex.org/W1514302475","https://openalex.org/W1515654777","https://openalex.org/W1517793047","https://openalex.org/W1545332203","https://openalex.org/W1549409769","https://openalex.org/W1559290254","https://openalex.org/W1563491814","https://openalex.org/W1579087017","https://openalex.org/W1581414347","https://openalex.org/W1582149612","https://openalex.org/W1596438697","https://openalex.org/W1598778974","https://openalex.org/W1755532834","https://openalex.org/W1788032165","https://openalex.org/W1795230821","https://openalex.org/W1872063923","https://openalex.org/W1876085566","https://openalex.org/W1882050418","https://openalex.org/W1894523131","https://openalex.org/W1895522077","https://openalex.org/W1904140637","https://openalex.org/W1964736892","https://openalex.org/W1965712854","https://openalex.org/W1966035731","https://openalex.org/W1966266025","https://openalex.org/W1966933401","https://openalex.org/W1967294192","https://openalex.org/W1967324099","https://openalex.org/W1969173610","https://openalex.org/W1970576651","https://openalex.org/W1970999561","https://openalex.org/W1971161082","https://openalex.org/W1971381054","https://openalex.org/W1971833474","https://openalex.org/W1971901938","https://openalex.org/W1972009458","https://openalex.org/W1972504912","https://openalex.org/W1972729306","https://openalex.org/W1972874726","https://openalex.org/W1973567390","https://openalex.org/W1974431305","https://openalex.org/W1974613853","https://openalex.org/W1974633552","https://openalex.org/W1976966124","https://openalex.org/W1977262188","https://openalex.org/W1978671354","https://openalex.org/W1979119423","https://openalex.org/W1979309434","https://openalex.org/W1979378857","https://openalex.org/W1979985681","https://openalex.org/W1980046499","https://openalex.org/W1980299550","https://openalex.org/W1980332171","https://openalex.org/W1981978334","https://openalex.org/W1982006521","https://openalex.org/W1982289937","https://openalex.org/W1982576441","https://openalex.org/W1982707241","https://openalex.org/W1983031794","https://openalex.org/W1983526542","https://openalex.org/W1984597339","https://openalex.org/W1986879708","https://openalex.org/W1987062932","https://openalex.org/W1988228934","https://openalex.org/W1988561304","https://openalex.org/W1989911861","https://openalex.org/W1990031184","https://openalex.org/W1990142729","https://openalex.org/W1991359253","https://openalex.org/W1992237854","https://openalex.org/W1992241407","https://openalex.org/W1992870560","https://openalex.org/W1993481869","https://openalex.org/W1993904495","https://openalex.org/W1994260666","https://openalex.org/W1994286733","https://openalex.org/W1996115402","https://openalex.org/W1996218569","https://openalex.org/W1996572616","https://openalex.org/W1997036145","https://openalex.org/W1997834773","https://openalex.org/W1998612150","https://openalex.org/W1999076914","https://openalex.org/W2000077671","https://openalex.org/W2000211667","https://openalex.org/W2000426545","https://openalex.org/W2000525861","https://openalex.org/W2000643475","https://openalex.org/W2000937756","https://openalex.org/W2001787114","https://openalex.org/W2002069278","https://openalex.org/W2002124836","https://openalex.org/W2002283642","https://openalex.org/W2002389652","https://openalex.org/W2002692118","https://openalex.org/W2002719840","https://openalex.org/W2002729322","https://openalex.org/W2003297656","https://openalex.org/W2003625111","https://openalex.org/W2004256319","https://openalex.org/W2004745717","https://openalex.org/W2004775204","https://openalex.org/W2006443494","https://openalex.org/W2007367449","https://openalex.org/W2007486613","https://openalex.org/W2007809798","https://openalex.org/W2007868652","https://openalex.org/W2008077160","https://openalex.org/W2008218938","https://openalex.org/W2008825561","https://openalex.org/W2010243979","https://openalex.org/W2010692162","https://openalex.org/W2011233600","https://openalex.org/W2011465949","https://openalex.org/W2012021913","https://openalex.org/W2012373677","https://openalex.org/W2014707045","https://openalex.org/W2015312835","https://openalex.org/W2017241925","https://openalex.org/W2017387930","https://openalex.org/W2018365899","https://openalex.org/W2018863365","https://openalex.org/W2021398206","https://openalex.org/W2021655662","https://openalex.org/W2022091680","https://openalex.org/W2023435806","https://openalex.org/W2024413216","https://openalex.org/W2025463214","https://openalex.org/W2025541331","https://openalex.org/W2025869495","https://openalex.org/W2025924259","https://openalex.org/W2026576790","https://openalex.org/W2027382657","https://openalex.org/W2027575456","https://openalex.org/W2027936250","https://openalex.org/W2028409564","https://openalex.org/W2028538517","https://openalex.org/W2028642327","https://openalex.org/W2030524684","https://openalex.org/W2030711777","https://openalex.org/W2030941285","https://openalex.org/W2031129633","https://openalex.org/W2031535323","https://openalex.org/W2031595392","https://openalex.org/W2031769477","https://openalex.org/W2032320274","https://openalex.org/W2032417894","https://openalex.org/W2032889460","https://openalex.org/W2033592111","https://openalex.org/W2033657668","https://openalex.org/W2034413141","https://openalex.org/W2035172206","https://openalex.org/W2035947971","https://openalex.org/W2036740336","https://openalex.org/W2037813626","https://openalex.org/W2038694191","https://openalex.org/W2038833364","https://openalex.org/W2039299390","https://openalex.org/W2039802240","https://openalex.org/W2040058461","https://openalex.org/W2041095750","https://openalex.org/W2041494431","https://openalex.org/W2041761277","https://openalex.org/W2041964276","https://openalex.org/W2043099341","https://openalex.org/W2043524049","https://openalex.org/W2044186293","https://openalex.org/W2044506041","https://openalex.org/W2044616929","https://openalex.org/W2044816155","https://openalex.org/W2045509536","https://openalex.org/W2045742461","https://openalex.org/W2045858213","https://openalex.org/W2045959013","https://openalex.org/W2046543329","https://openalex.org/W2047877667","https://openalex.org/W2048135163","https://openalex.org/W2048449150","https://openalex.org/W2049520769","https://openalex.org/W2049733012","https://openalex.org/W2050054653","https://openalex.org/W2050798625","https://openalex.org/W2053167022","https://openalex.org/W2053466369","https://openalex.org/W2053706150","https://openalex.org/W2055040798","https://openalex.org/W2055263202","https://openalex.org/W2057796711","https://openalex.org/W2057839708","https://openalex.org/W2058137104","https://openalex.org/W2058298155","https://openalex.org/W2058345372","https://openalex.org/W2058380781","https://openalex.org/W2058689219","https://openalex.org/W2059302875","https://openalex.org/W2059626253","https://openalex.org/W2060281968","https://openalex.org/W2062203984","https://openalex.org/W2063660694","https://openalex.org/W2064248967","https://openalex.org/W2064255891","https://openalex.org/W2064447632","https://openalex.org/W2066085182","https://openalex.org/W2066393684","https://openalex.org/W2067167745","https://openalex.org/W2069610633","https://openalex.org/W2070185506","https://openalex.org/W2070504831","https://openalex.org/W2071547510","https://openalex.org/W2072812612","https://openalex.org/W2073315516","https://openalex.org/W2074179430","https://openalex.org/W2075134334","https://openalex.org/W2076385318","https://openalex.org/W2076653573","https://openalex.org/W2076984999","https://openalex.org/W2077206072","https://openalex.org/W2078352003","https://openalex.org/W2078877172","https://openalex.org/W2079528717","https://openalex.org/W2079554923","https://openalex.org/W2079604686","https://openalex.org/W2079908164","https://openalex.org/W2080133921","https://openalex.org/W2080521862","https://openalex.org/W2081590192","https://openalex.org/W2082279118","https://openalex.org/W2082661033","https://openalex.org/W2082911190","https://openalex.org/W2083116825","https://openalex.org/W2084892692","https://openalex.org/W2084899212","https://openalex.org/W2085856809","https://openalex.org/W2086429432","https://openalex.org/W2087213057","https://openalex.org/W2087232947","https://openalex.org/W2087538996","https://openalex.org/W2088119581","https://openalex.org/W2088510454","https://openalex.org/W2088994532","https://openalex.org/W2089339433","https://openalex.org/W2090141827","https://openalex.org/W2090433048","https://openalex.org/W2090712240","https://openalex.org/W2090713170","https://openalex.org/W2091234451","https://openalex.org/W2091968686","https://openalex.org/W2092047318","https://openalex.org/W2092910855","https://openalex.org/W2092943664","https://openalex.org/W2094994443","https://openalex.org/W2095448127","https://openalex.org/W2095853592","https://openalex.org/W2096496527","https://openalex.org/W2097227009","https://openalex.org/W2099117662","https://openalex.org/W2100875692","https://openalex.org/W2101065472","https://openalex.org/W2105896253","https://openalex.org/W2106535916","https://openalex.org/W2107260421","https://openalex.org/W2107542332","https://openalex.org/W2109910952","https://openalex.org/W2109995697","https://openalex.org/W2110091100","https://openalex.org/W2110449439","https://openalex.org/W2110790042","https://openalex.org/W2112247582","https://openalex.org/W2112683748","https://openalex.org/W2113448091","https://openalex.org/W2113586978","https://openalex.org/W2114210403","https://openalex.org/W2115562189","https://openalex.org/W2119361029","https://openalex.org/W2120073702","https://openalex.org/W2120553816","https://openalex.org/W2120782396","https://openalex.org/W2120962257","https://openalex.org/W2121532205","https://openalex.org/W2122053919","https://openalex.org/W2122585922","https://openalex.org/W2123002505","https://openalex.org/W2123566117","https://openalex.org/W2125303562","https://openalex.org/W2127408711","https://openalex.org/W2127940784","https://openalex.org/W2128129953","https://openalex.org/W2128635872","https://openalex.org/W2128916241","https://openalex.org/W2129912039","https://openalex.org/W2130192863","https://openalex.org/W2130195458","https://openalex.org/W2130538167","https://openalex.org/W2131487223","https://openalex.org/W2133211919","https://openalex.org/W2133685245","https://openalex.org/W2136782746","https://openalex.org/W2137221055","https://openalex.org/W2137657274","https://openalex.org/W2137728760","https://openalex.org/W2138620717","https://openalex.org/W2139217432","https://openalex.org/W2140744545","https://openalex.org/W2141254815","https://openalex.org/W2143198031","https://openalex.org/W2143762207","https://openalex.org/W2144067930","https://openalex.org/W2144373929","https://openalex.org/W2144482814","https://openalex.org/W2145284999","https://openalex.org/W2149062255","https://openalex.org/W2151268516","https://openalex.org/W2152160515","https://openalex.org/W2152596956","https://openalex.org/W2152663043","https://openalex.org/W2153210829","https://openalex.org/W2154519871","https://openalex.org/W2156526956","https://openalex.org/W2158134721","https://openalex.org/W2158587334","https://openalex.org/W2161869713","https://openalex.org/W2162626874","https://openalex.org/W2163841301","https://openalex.org/W2164056177","https://openalex.org/W2164426030","https://openalex.org/W2166589465","https://openalex.org/W2168941771","https://openalex.org/W2169474553","https://openalex.org/W2171188320","https://openalex.org/W2175880952","https://openalex.org/W2178456244","https://openalex.org/W2188304158","https://openalex.org/W2235426885","https://openalex.org/W2258099515","https://openalex.org/W2265446852","https://openalex.org/W2271327078","https://openalex.org/W2292239568","https://openalex.org/W2315733526","https://openalex.org/W2331022680","https://openalex.org/W2332568803","https://openalex.org/W2398070845","https://openalex.org/W2406026755","https://openalex.org/W2406038242","https://openalex.org/W2409614119","https://openalex.org/W2410731224","https://openalex.org/W2416001873","https://openalex.org/W2461390153","https://openalex.org/W2463716311","https://openalex.org/W2483454875","https://openalex.org/W2485897960","https://openalex.org/W2492449210","https://openalex.org/W2504613858","https://openalex.org/W2896147302","https://openalex.org/W2951339731","https://openalex.org/W2969264364","https://openalex.org/W3002905557","https://openalex.org/W3022359014","https://openalex.org/W4229798293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497749906","https://openalex.org/W7071578832","https://openalex.org/W4243882187","https://openalex.org/W131115562","https://openalex.org/W1126428171","https://openalex.org/W2617161695","https://openalex.org/W2023988904","https://openalex.org/W1518706966","https://openalex.org/W2087746854","https://openalex.org/W2114601185"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Within":[0],"their":[1,66,88,615],"3.3":[2],"to":[3,21,87,130,142,177,199,210,250,301,310,332,342,378,397,421,434,449,475,506,528,538,541,548,562,569,611,630,647,661,777,794,826,833,849],"3.5":[4],"billion":[5],"years":[6],"of":[7,17,32,39,48,61,99,121,139,147,168,195,214,244,255,257,265,270,319,322,350,369,386,392,408,427,430,438,518,544,658,668,703,720,748,753,765,773,803,840,853,859,868,875,897,920,935],"existance":[8],"cyanobacteria":[9],"became":[10,72],"the":[11,27,59,75,80,137,144,165,169,192,201,212,218,229,236,240,245,252,258,304,320,347,351,370,384,393,402,405,423,436,458,507,510,514,553,560,599,604,621,665,669,674,694,701,718,734,746,751,766,787,796,837,843,845,860,871,883,895,916],"most":[12,605],"diverse":[13,54],"and":[14,19,51,77,90,93,101,124,153,239,260,268,281,359,415,417,433,444,466,499,504,522,582,593,625,786,865,908,911,918],"widespread":[15,91],"group":[16],"prokaryotes":[18],"adapted":[20],"nearly":[22,336],"any":[23],"given":[24],"habitat":[25],"throughout":[26],"world.":[28],"During":[29],"this":[30,196,608,774,800,827,889],"period":[31],"time":[33],"they":[34],"developed":[35],"an":[36],"enormous":[37],"variety":[38],"secondary":[40],"metabolites":[41],"with":[42,473,501,784,824],"predominantly":[43],"unknown":[44],"physiological":[45],"function.":[46],"Some":[47,317],"these":[49,364,431,488,818],"chemically":[50],"structurally":[52],"very":[53],"compounds":[55],"have":[56,82,307,329,339,375,629,901],"been":[57,162,287,308,330,340,376,831],"in":[58,95,150,292,335,382,401,440,477,513,515,567,588,616,697,729,745,792,811],"focus":[60],"international":[62],"research":[63],"ever":[64],"since":[65,633,673],"toxic":[67,166,272,705],"potential":[68,801],"on":[69,181,186,289,637,664,894,904,915,940],"other":[70,313,367],"organisms":[71],"known.":[73],"Especially":[74],"MCs":[76,104,140,225,354,411,493,519,549,785,848,898,927],"more":[78,109,546,572],"recently":[79],"CYNs":[81,114,262],"drawn":[83],"major":[84],"attention":[85],"due":[86],"frequent":[89],"occurence":[92],"numerous":[94],"part":[96,194],"fatal":[97],"incidents":[98],"animal":[100],"human":[102,293,442,485,591,689],"poisonings.":[103],"are":[105,115,299,494,635],"cyclic":[106],"heptapeptides":[107],"comprising":[108],"than":[110,531,552,597,654,687,717,763],"80":[111],"congeners,":[112],"whereas":[113],"classified":[116],"as":[117,164,315,418,481,483,603,619,750],"alkaloids.":[118],"They":[119],"consist":[120],"a":[122,131,419,711,743,822,929],"sulphated":[123],"methylated":[125],"tricyclic":[126],"guanidino":[127],"moiety":[128,167,238],"linked":[129],"hydroxymethyluracil.":[132],"The":[133,155,454,770],"primary":[134,294,441,484,535,565,590,688,730],"mechanism":[135,696,744],"underlying":[136],"toxicity":[138,517,587,639,644,896,919],"emerged":[141],"be":[143,178,333,343,380,526,539,612,631,648,809,834,850],"potent":[145],"inhibition":[146,223,264,426,719],"serine/threonine-specific":[148,428,468],"PPs,":[149,469],"particular":[151],"PP1":[152,182],"2A.":[154],"unique":[156],"amino":[157,789],"acid":[158,372,790],"Adda":[159,174,207,237],"has":[160,284,710,830],"thereby":[161],"identified":[163,341],"MC":[170,460],"molecule.":[171],"However,":[172],"isolated":[173,206],"was":[175,579,645,758,776],"shown":[176],"inhibitory":[179],"ineffective":[180],"activity.":[183],"Corresponding":[184],"effects":[185,291],"PP2A":[187,215],"were":[188,683,862],"not":[189,278],"determined.":[190],"Therefore,":[191,388],"first":[193],"study":[197,395,775,890],"served":[198],"provide":[200],"lacking":[202],"information:":[203],"As":[204],"expected,":[205],"also":[208,379],"failed":[209],"inhibit":[211,464],"activity":[213],"which":[216,558,723],"corroborates":[217],"common":[219,851],"assumption":[220,508],"that":[221,328,457,492,509,580,693,738,764,829,899,926],"PP":[222],"by":[224,228,274,497,707,726,836,882],"and,":[226],"hence,":[227,676],"structural":[230,242],"closely":[231],"related":[232],"NODs":[233],"requires":[234],"both":[235,297,589],"remaining":[241],"units":[243],"maternal":[246],"toxins.":[247],"In":[248,533,641,887],"contrast":[249],"MCs,":[251],"molecular":[253],"mode":[254],"action":[256],"geno-":[259],"cytotoxic":[261],"(i.e.":[263,404,425],"protein":[266,721],"synthesis":[267,722],"generation":[269,702],"(a)":[271,704],"metabolite(s)":[273,706],"CYP450":[275,708],"metabolization)":[276],"is":[277,609,724,741],"completely":[279],"understood":[280],"no":[282],"information":[283],"so":[285],"far":[286,649],"provided":[288],"its":[290],"cells.":[295],"Furthermore,":[296],"toxins":[298],"known":[300],"primarily":[302],"target":[303],"liver,":[305],"but":[306,470],"found":[309,331,610,646],"additionally":[311,563],"affect":[312],"organs":[314],"well.":[316],"members":[318,368],"superfamily":[321],"organic":[323],"anion":[324],"transporting":[325],"polypeptides":[326],"(OATPs/SLCOs),":[327],"expressed":[334],"every":[337],"organ/tissue,":[338],"jointly":[344],"responsible":[345],"for":[346,614,652,655,782,933],"observed":[348],"organotropism":[349],"cell":[352,671],"impermeant":[353],"(more":[355],"precisely":[356],"tritiated":[357],"dihydro-MCLR":[358],"MCLR).":[360],"Besides":[361],"passive":[362,739],"diffusion,":[363],"carriers":[365],"or":[366],"bile":[371],"transport":[373],"system":[374],"suggested":[377,832],"involved":[381],"mediating":[383],"uptake":[385,747,917],"CYN.":[387,921],"two":[389,542],"further":[390,576,913],"aims":[391],"present":[394,735,905],"were:":[396],"assess":[398,795],"possible":[399,451],"differences":[400,512],"toxicokinetics":[403,530],"uptake-mediated":[406],"toxicity)":[407],"four":[409,459],"different":[410],"(LR,":[412],"RR,":[413],"LW":[414],"LF)":[416],"prerequisite":[420],"compare":[422],"toxicodynamics":[424],"PPs)":[429],"congeners":[432,461],"determine":[435],"cytotoxicity":[437,476,551],"CYN":[439,653,659,698,749],"hepatocytes":[443,536,592],"liver":[445,478],"OATP-expressing":[446,479,594,680],"HEK293":[447,480,555,595,681,756],"cells":[448,566,596,682,757],"evaluate":[450],"transport-dependent":[452],"effects.":[453],"experiments":[455],"revealed":[456,847],"investigated":[462],"equipotently":[463],"recombinant":[465],"cellular":[467],"differed":[471],"tremendously":[472],"regard":[474,825],"well":[482],"hepatocytes.":[486,690,732],"Hence,":[487],"findings":[489,728,893],"strongly":[490],"suggest":[491],"taken":[495],"up":[496,540],"OATP1B1":[498],"OATP1B3":[500],"varying":[502],"affinities":[503],"lead":[505],"vast":[511,838],"vivo":[516,617],"(e.g.":[520],"MCLR":[521,638,878],"MCRR)":[523],"can":[524],"rather":[525,662],"attributed":[527],"congener-specific":[529],"toxicodynamics.":[532],"addition,":[534],"appeared":[537,660],"orders":[543],"magnitude":[545],"susceptible":[547,686],"induced":[550],"corresponding":[554],"OATP":[556,768],"transfectants":[557],"highlights":[559],"importance":[561],"employ":[564],"order":[568,793],"obtain":[570],"physiologically":[571],"relevant":[573,651],"results.":[574],"A":[575],"crucial":[577,892],"finding":[578],"MCLW":[581],"-LF":[583],"elicited":[584],"much":[585],"higher":[586,712],"MCLR,":[598],"congener":[600],"commonly":[601],"considered":[602],"toxic.":[606],"If":[607],"true":[613],"toxicities":[618],"well,":[620],"current":[622],"risk":[623,797,906,932],"assessments":[624,907],"guideline":[626,909],"values":[627,910],"might":[628,900],"revised":[632],"those":[634],"based":[636,816,939],"only.":[640],"contrast,":[642],"OATP-associated":[643],"less":[650,678,685,761],"MCs.":[656],"Cytotoxicity":[657],"depend":[663],"metabolic":[666],"condition":[667],"exposed":[670],"types":[672],"immortalized,":[675],"metabolically":[677],"active,":[679],"distinctly":[684],"This":[691],"suggests":[692],"second":[695],"totoxicity,":[699],"i.e.":[700],"metabolization,":[709],"impact":[713],"at":[714],"acute":[715],"concentrations":[716],"supported":[725],"previous":[727],"mouse":[731],"Moreover,":[733,922],"data":[736],"indicate":[737],"diffusion":[740],"indeed":[742],"viability":[752],"control":[754],"vector-transfected":[755],"only":[759],"marginally":[760],"reduced":[762],"respective":[767],"transfectants.":[769],"final":[771],"scope":[772],"analyze":[778],"cyanobacterial":[779,936],"dietary":[780,937],"supplements":[781,817,938],"contaminations":[783],"excitotoxic":[788],"BMAA":[791,806],"emanating":[798],"from":[799],"source":[802],"intoxication.":[804],"Since":[805],"could":[807],"neither":[808],"detected":[810],"Spirulina":[812],"nor":[813],"Aphanizomenon":[814,854],"flos-aquae":[815,855],"products":[819],"unlikely":[820],"constitute":[821],"threat":[823],"toxin":[828],"produced":[835],"majority":[839],"cyanobacteria.":[841],"On":[842],"contrary,":[844],"analyses":[846],"contaminants":[852],"containing":[856],"supplements.":[857],"All":[858],"samples":[861],"tested":[863],"positively":[864],"approximately":[866],"half":[867],"them":[869],"exceeded":[870],"maximal":[872],"acceptable":[873],"concentration":[874],"1":[876],"\u00b5g":[877],"equivalents/g":[879],"dw":[880],"defined":[881],"Oregon":[884],"Health":[885],"Division.":[886],"conclusion,":[888],"provides":[891],"considerable":[902],"implications":[903],"gives":[912],"insight":[914],"it":[923],"clearly":[924],"demonstrates":[925],"pose":[928],"serious":[930],"health":[931],"consumers":[934],"A.":[941],"flos-aquae.":[942]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
