{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1963838952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","title":"Precautionary Savings\u2014A Panel Study","display_name":"Precautionary Savings\u2014A Panel Study","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1963838952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","mag":"1963838952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/003465397556593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180061323","display_name":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0034-6535","issn":["0034-6535","1530-9142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018357950","display_name":"Mark Kazarosian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Kazarosian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University","northeastern Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"northeastern Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018357950"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.1353,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":189,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98751917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"2","first_page":"241","last_page":"247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precautionary-saving","display_name":"precautionary saving","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-risk","display_name":"income risk","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-income","display_name":"permanent income","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitory-income","display_name":"transitory income","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wealth-to-income-ratio","display_name":"wealth-to-income ratio","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saving-motives","display_name":"saving motives","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bequests","display_name":"bequests","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-longitudinal-surveys","display_name":"National Longitudinal Surveys","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-saving-behavior","display_name":"household saving behavior","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.7949559092521667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.7548706531524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780138423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239395","display_name":"Precautionary savings","level":3,"score":0.6887142062187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.537087619304657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5195279717445374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.482386976480484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194425066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1257519","display_name":"Permanent income hypothesis","level":3,"score":0.47595974802970886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778058735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692253","display_name":"Aggregate data","level":2,"score":0.4531477093696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4302245080471039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.18908584117889404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.16183313727378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61570092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15074930","display_name":"Life-cycle hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.09002843499183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08421680331230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183582576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184783","display_name":"Market liquidity","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/003465397556593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/003465397556593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180061323","display_name":"The Review of Economics and Statistics","issn_l":"0034-6535","issn":["0034-6535","1530-9142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Economics and Statistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:tpr:restat:v:79:y:1997:i:2:p:241-247","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/003465397556593","pdf_url":"http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/003465397556593","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W658687157","https://openalex.org/W1480130870","https://openalex.org/W1495807217","https://openalex.org/W1513281941","https://openalex.org/W1583280453","https://openalex.org/W1801947206","https://openalex.org/W1963734247","https://openalex.org/W1974770692","https://openalex.org/W1988171710","https://openalex.org/W1992392730","https://openalex.org/W1995185083","https://openalex.org/W2002780401","https://openalex.org/W2014335114","https://openalex.org/W2030691535","https://openalex.org/W2030796693","https://openalex.org/W2038051457","https://openalex.org/W2041925384","https://openalex.org/W2047260286","https://openalex.org/W2048324696","https://openalex.org/W2081308191","https://openalex.org/W2082527658","https://openalex.org/W2091994575","https://openalex.org/W2096611693","https://openalex.org/W2099557655","https://openalex.org/W2112352537","https://openalex.org/W2114574957","https://openalex.org/W2149026374","https://openalex.org/W2168562238","https://openalex.org/W2580645530","https://openalex.org/W2890237509","https://openalex.org/W3001472365","https://openalex.org/W3122897481","https://openalex.org/W3123488825","https://openalex.org/W3123786034","https://openalex.org/W4252707658","https://openalex.org/W4301724175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088883377","https://openalex.org/W1539204458","https://openalex.org/W2167013474","https://openalex.org/W2273952191","https://openalex.org/W3014776318","https://openalex.org/W2085626260","https://openalex.org/W2187632889","https://openalex.org/W7098916849","https://openalex.org/W2464901862","https://openalex.org/W2072639791"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Theoretical":[0],"literature":[1],"shows":[2],"that":[3,39],"income":[4,71,81,105],"uncertainty":[5,82,97],"boosts":[6],"saving,":[7],"yet":[8],"empirical":[9,52],"work":[10],"is":[11,28],"incomplete.":[12],"I":[13,73],"test":[14],"for":[15,19,30,43],"the":[16,32,67,99],"precautionary":[17,55,92],"motive":[18],"saving":[20,35,56],"using":[21],"panel":[22,84],"data.":[23],"Knowing":[24],"this":[25],"motive's":[26],"size":[27],"important":[29],"gauging":[31],"responsiveness":[33],"of":[34,54,69,76,96,101],"to":[36,45,103],"government":[37],"programs":[38],"reduce":[40],"uncertainty,":[41],"and":[42,79],"comparison":[44],"other":[46],"motives,":[47],"such":[48],"as":[49],"bequests.":[50],"Most":[51],"studies":[53],"use":[57],"either":[58],"aggregate":[59],"time-series":[60],"or":[61],"cross-sectional":[62],"data,":[63],"which":[64],"cannot":[65],"capture":[66],"effects":[68],"individual":[70],"uncertainty.":[72],"derive":[74],"measures":[75],"total,":[77],"permanent,":[78],"transitory":[80],"from":[83],"data\u2014the":[85],"National":[86],"Longitudinal":[87],"Survey\u2014and":[88],"find":[89],"a":[90],"strong":[91],"motive.":[93],"A":[94],"doubling":[95],"increases":[98],"ratio":[100],"wealth":[102],"permanent":[104],"by":[106],"29%.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
