{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1963782920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","title":"Molecular mechanisms of vascular adaptations to exercise. Physical activity as an effective antioxidant therapy?","display_name":"Molecular mechanisms of vascular adaptations to exercise. Physical activity as an effective antioxidant therapy?","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1963782920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","mag":"1963782920","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15935334"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91067379","display_name":"Cardiovascular Research","issn_l":"0008-6363","issn":["0008-6363","1755-3245"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiovascular Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W1963782920"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016571719","display_name":"Georg Kojda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6911-6990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6911-6990"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G KOJDA","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Einrichtungen, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany. kojda@uni-duesseldorf.de","Institut f\u00fcr Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Einrichtungen, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Einrichtungen, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany. kojda@uni-duesseldorf.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Medizinische Einrichtungen, Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045450571","display_name":"Rainer Hambrecht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-9435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9834-9435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116662","display_name":"Leipzig Heart Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02kj91m96","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116662","https://openalex.org/I4210138940"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R HAMBRECHT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Herzzentrum der Universit\u00e4t, 04289 Leipzig, Germany","a Herzzentrum der Universit\u00e4t, 04289 Leipzig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Herzzentrum der Universit\u00e4t, 04289 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116662","https://openalex.org/I926574661"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Herzzentrum der Universit\u00e4t, 04289 Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016571719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"],"apc_list":{"value":4715,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":5329},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0092,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":378,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93783304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"2","first_page":"187","last_page":"197"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.30469998717308044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11585","display_name":"Exercise and Physiological Responses","score":0.17980000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-training","display_name":"exercise training","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-remodeling","display_name":"vascular remodeling","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angiogenesis","display_name":"angiogenesis","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arteriogenesis","display_name":"arteriogenesis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanotransduction","display_name":"mechanotransduction","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrins","display_name":"integrins","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhoa","display_name":"RhoA","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focal-adhesion-kinase","display_name":"focal adhesion kinase","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mapk-signaling","display_name":"MAPK signaling","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase","display_name":"endothelial nitric oxide synthase","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-bioavailability","display_name":"nitric oxide bioavailability","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-dismutase","display_name":"superoxide dismutase","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nadph-oxidase","display_name":"NADPH oxidase","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-peroxide","display_name":"hydrogen peroxide","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-atherogenic-effects","display_name":"antiatherogenic effects","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prevention","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prevention","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-therapy","display_name":"antioxidant therapy","score":0.7059999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780394083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539568","display_name":"Angiogenesis","level":2,"score":0.5951522588729858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.49491995573043823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779395532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7916469","display_name":"Vascular smooth muscle","level":3,"score":0.46608585119247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75217442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423650","display_name":"Protein kinase B","level":3,"score":0.4558417499065399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181104049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11936292","display_name":"Mechanotransduction","level":2,"score":0.44741642475128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.4321240186691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127561419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224527","display_name":"Downregulation and upregulation","level":3,"score":0.4295847713947296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184235292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421851","display_name":"Kinase","level":2,"score":0.4229053854942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.35893306136131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3444051146507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3362199664115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.30310213565826416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.29328787326812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.24503475427627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992686903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208453","display_name":"Smooth muscle","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002319","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular System","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005081","descriptor_name":"Exercise Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012039","descriptor_name":"Regional Blood Flow","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020935","descriptor_name":"MAP Kinase Signaling System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91067379","display_name":"Cardiovascular Research","issn_l":"0008-6363","issn":["0008-6363","1755-3245"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiovascular Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15935334","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15935334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiovascular research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":99,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133780831","https://openalex.org/W333019983","https://openalex.org/W1538859899","https://openalex.org/W1543195378","https://openalex.org/W1580052517","https://openalex.org/W1607892649","https://openalex.org/W1697389429","https://openalex.org/W1841431228","https://openalex.org/W1964526269","https://openalex.org/W1967035072","https://openalex.org/W1971927056","https://openalex.org/W1983700583","https://openalex.org/W1985953696","https://openalex.org/W1987246360","https://openalex.org/W1996103570","https://openalex.org/W2001485453","https://openalex.org/W2007616588","https://openalex.org/W2008961036","https://openalex.org/W2010120691","https://openalex.org/W2011217812","https://openalex.org/W2011988006","https://openalex.org/W2020701876","https://openalex.org/W2021952948","https://openalex.org/W2021994429","https://openalex.org/W2023656108","https://openalex.org/W2030016656","https://openalex.org/W2037507338","https://openalex.org/W2040801242","https://openalex.org/W2041812737","https://openalex.org/W2042006175","https://openalex.org/W2042086553","https://openalex.org/W2044274972","https://openalex.org/W2045148129","https://openalex.org/W2055131822","https://openalex.org/W2057846852","https://openalex.org/W2059694609","https://openalex.org/W2062001347","https://openalex.org/W2062230565","https://openalex.org/W2063220206","https://openalex.org/W2067573249","https://openalex.org/W2068820862","https://openalex.org/W2070655502","https://openalex.org/W2077397160","https://openalex.org/W2083037047","https://openalex.org/W2084853187","https://openalex.org/W2085122671","https://openalex.org/W2095645712","https://openalex.org/W2098288771","https://openalex.org/W2098743872","https://openalex.org/W2099108029","https://openalex.org/W2099216922","https://openalex.org/W2101047147","https://openalex.org/W2101264433","https://openalex.org/W2101861123","https://openalex.org/W2103709392","https://openalex.org/W2106230861","https://openalex.org/W2110361956","https://openalex.org/W2110748980","https://openalex.org/W2111340450","https://openalex.org/W2114488399","https://openalex.org/W2115284142","https://openalex.org/W2118814154","https://openalex.org/W2119472989","https://openalex.org/W2120701650","https://openalex.org/W2123968945","https://openalex.org/W2125702693","https://openalex.org/W2125823894","https://openalex.org/W2126725396","https://openalex.org/W2130110320","https://openalex.org/W2130172628","https://openalex.org/W2130563588","https://openalex.org/W2132440861","https://openalex.org/W2134276948","https://openalex.org/W2134907826","https://openalex.org/W2136456480","https://openalex.org/W2139615023","https://openalex.org/W2149168204","https://openalex.org/W2149868661","https://openalex.org/W2156276304","https://openalex.org/W2156490538","https://openalex.org/W2158304691","https://openalex.org/W2169157749","https://openalex.org/W2171731864","https://openalex.org/W2172043065","https://openalex.org/W2186997149","https://openalex.org/W2262423141","https://openalex.org/W2289644949","https://openalex.org/W2322005342","https://openalex.org/W2324841714","https://openalex.org/W2326572543","https://openalex.org/W2530110785","https://openalex.org/W2951060247","https://openalex.org/W3211239976","https://openalex.org/W4231980237","https://openalex.org/W4232841633","https://openalex.org/W4239035567","https://openalex.org/W4242709009","https://openalex.org/W4301466144","https://openalex.org/W7075729638"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111641705","https://openalex.org/W2098633990","https://openalex.org/W2000615517","https://openalex.org/W3016677710","https://openalex.org/W2463065421","https://openalex.org/W2021292277","https://openalex.org/W2323198300","https://openalex.org/W2307742292","https://openalex.org/W2102162054","https://openalex.org/W2134224248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"lack":[1],"of":[2,33,86,118,148,153,166,181,209,216,224],"exercise":[3,167,237],"training":[4,18,238],"and/or":[5],"regular":[6],"physical":[7],"activity":[8],"is":[9,157,192],"a":[10],"known":[11],"risk":[12],"factor":[13],"for":[14],"cardiovascular":[15],"disease.":[16],"Exercise":[17],"induces":[19],"marked":[20],"vascular":[21,35,131,141,149,182],"remodeling":[22],"by":[23,71,123,129,135,198],"increasing":[24,130],"angiogenesis":[25],"and":[26,43,56,64,73,102,126,134,139,152,162,179,194,196,204,214,246],"arteriogenesis.":[27],"These":[28,113],"changes":[29,42],"in":[30,62,116],"the":[31,34,140,222],"architecture":[32],"tree":[36],"are":[37,69],"likely":[38,159,220],"associated":[39,74],"with":[40],"functional":[41],"improved":[44],"organ":[45],"blood":[46],"flow.":[47],"Physical":[48],"forces":[49],"such":[50,88,107,176,185,200],"as":[51,89,108,177,186,201,242],"shear":[52],"stress,":[53],"transmural":[54],"pressure":[55],"cyclic":[57],"stretch":[58],"activate":[59],"mechanotransduction":[60],"mechanisms":[61,114,171],"endothelial":[63],"smooth":[65],"muscle":[66],"cells":[67],"that":[68,236],"mediated":[70],"integrins":[72,178],"RhoA":[75],"small":[76],"GTPase.":[77],"They":[78],"stimulate":[79],"various":[80],"signal":[81],"transduction":[82],"pathways":[83],"involving":[84],"phosphorylation":[85,156],"kinases":[87,105],"focal":[90],"adhesion":[91],"kinase,":[92,95],"c-Src,":[93],"Akt":[94],"phosphatidylinositol":[96],"3-kinase,":[97],"myosin":[98],"light":[99],"chain":[100],"kinase":[101,111],"mitogen-activated":[103],"protein":[104],"(MAPK)":[106],"extracellular":[109],"signal-regulated":[110],"(ERK).":[112],"result":[115],"upregulation":[117,208],"genes":[119],"mediating":[120],"antiatherogenic":[121,247],"effects":[122,206,223],"promoting":[124],"antiapoptotic":[125],"antiproliferative":[127],"signals,":[128],"NO":[132],"bioavailability":[133],"changing":[136],"calcium":[137],"handling":[138],"myogenic":[142],"response":[143],"to":[144,234],"pressure.":[145],"Exercise-induced":[146,189],"increase":[147],"eNOS":[150,154,190],"expression":[151,191],"Ser-1177":[155],"most":[158],"an":[160,243],"important":[161],"potentially":[163],"vasoprotective":[164],"effect":[165],"training.":[168],"The":[169],"underlying":[170],"involve":[172],"cell":[173],"membrane":[174],"proteins":[175],"products":[180],"oxidative":[183,225],"stress":[184],"hydrogen":[187],"peroxide.":[188],"transient":[193],"reversible":[195],"regulated":[197],"factors":[199],"angiogenesis,":[202],"arteriogenesis":[203],"antioxidative":[205],"including":[207],"superoxide":[210],"dismutases":[211],"(SOD1,":[212],"SOD3)":[213],"downregulation":[215],"NAD(P)H":[217],"oxidase,":[218],"which":[219],"blunts":[221],"stress.":[226],"Based":[227],"on":[228],"these":[229],"observations,":[230],"it":[231],"appears":[232],"reasonable":[233],"assume":[235],"can":[239],"be":[240],"viewed":[241],"effective":[244],"antioxidant":[245],"therapy.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":26}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
