{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1963518537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","title":"CYBERNETICS AND MACROECONOMICS","display_name":"CYBERNETICS AND MACROECONOMICS","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1963518537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","mag":"1963518537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206615888","display_name":"Economic Inquiry","issn_l":"0043-3640","issn":["0043-3640","0095-2583","1465-7295"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economic Inquiry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037882093","display_name":"James L. Cochrane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JAMES L. COCHRANE","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029827738","display_name":"J. A. Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-5617","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2139-5617"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JOHN A. GRAHAM","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8224,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90239895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"241","last_page":"250"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11742","display_name":"Economic Theory and Policy","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.18209999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cybernetics","display_name":"cybernetics","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomics","display_name":"macroeconomics","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"control engineering","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"control theory","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keynesian-revolution","display_name":"Keynesian revolution","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axel-leijonhufvud","display_name":"Axel Leijonhufvud","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-economic-thought","display_name":"history of economic thought","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-theory","display_name":"monetary theory","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate-analysis","display_name":"aggregate analysis","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115286129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123637","display_name":"Cybernetics","level":2,"score":0.83245450258255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6696062088012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778774626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220841","display_name":"Phillips curve","level":3,"score":0.5469728112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5103670954704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165556158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937","display_name":"Keynesian economics","level":1,"score":0.4879407584667206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.4690167307853699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985697011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economic analysis","level":2,"score":0.43448495864868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.4235469698905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3908352255821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.3315826952457428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.26262032985687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.17624112963676453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.17424681782722473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167562979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271857","display_name":"Classical economics","level":1,"score":0.14815884828567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1423880159854889}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7295.1976.tb00390.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206615888","display_name":"Economic Inquiry","issn_l":"0043-3640","issn":["0043-3640","0095-2583","1465-7295"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economic Inquiry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6000000238418579}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W964915218","https://openalex.org/W1500361436","https://openalex.org/W1529212194","https://openalex.org/W1530580959","https://openalex.org/W1539996362","https://openalex.org/W1542595580","https://openalex.org/W1603219253","https://openalex.org/W1968505019","https://openalex.org/W1992697569","https://openalex.org/W1999440972","https://openalex.org/W2003590372","https://openalex.org/W2015231219","https://openalex.org/W2016788732","https://openalex.org/W2044381077","https://openalex.org/W2051776286","https://openalex.org/W2057165573","https://openalex.org/W2062105531","https://openalex.org/W2075560326","https://openalex.org/W2079389904","https://openalex.org/W2093680103","https://openalex.org/W2121592184","https://openalex.org/W2152717893","https://openalex.org/W2312392065","https://openalex.org/W2316818331","https://openalex.org/W2319718869","https://openalex.org/W2321703001","https://openalex.org/W2334908361","https://openalex.org/W2475570157","https://openalex.org/W2564100303","https://openalex.org/W2797056189","https://openalex.org/W3023100063","https://openalex.org/W4206742406","https://openalex.org/W4239008548","https://openalex.org/W4242778050","https://openalex.org/W4244355759","https://openalex.org/W4300475511","https://openalex.org/W4301267015","https://openalex.org/W6631746727","https://openalex.org/W6632411654","https://openalex.org/W6635937198","https://openalex.org/W6820060724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4253494203","https://openalex.org/W1988283253","https://openalex.org/W4235322952","https://openalex.org/W2344841254","https://openalex.org/W2382262247","https://openalex.org/W2009013897","https://openalex.org/W3091366485","https://openalex.org/W3123385811","https://openalex.org/W2367740626","https://openalex.org/W184728385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"full":[1],"estimate":[2],"of":[3,6,49,66,91,119,123],"the":[4,64,78,108,113],"effects":[5],"cybernetics":[7],"and":[8,32,51,75,102,111],"control":[9,67],"systems":[10],"engineering":[11,68],"on":[12],"economics":[13,124],"would":[14],"be":[15,132,144],"premature":[16],"if":[17],"not":[18,86],"impossible":[19],"at":[20,27,41],"this":[21,92],"time.":[22],"The":[23],"relevant":[24],"literature":[25],"is":[26,94],"most":[28],"twenty-five":[29],"years":[30],"old":[31],"its":[33],"ultimate":[34],"impact":[35],"remains":[36],"uncertain;":[37],"thus":[38],"conclusions":[39],"are":[40],"best":[42],"tentative.":[43],"However,":[44],"one":[45],"can":[46,143],"identify":[47],"sources":[48],"inspiration":[50],"main":[52],"participants":[53],"as":[54,56,80],"well":[55],"apparent":[57],"trends.":[58],"Axel":[59],"Leijonhufvud":[60],"has":[61],"referred":[62],"to":[63,95,134],"introduction":[65],"into":[69],"aggregate":[70],"analysis":[71],"by":[72],"Tustin,":[73],"Phillips,":[74],"others":[76],"in":[77],"1950s":[79],"\u201cthe":[81],"Keynesian":[82],"Revolution":[83],"which":[84],"did":[85],"come":[87],"off.\u201d":[88],"One":[89],"purpose":[90],"paper":[93],"explore":[96],"Leijonhufvud's":[97],"observation.":[98],"What":[99],"stopped":[100],"monetary":[101],"macroeconomic":[103],"theorists":[104],"from":[105,129],"picking":[106],"up":[107],"Tustin-Phillips":[109],"lead":[110],"making":[112],"control-theoretic":[114],"approach":[115],"an":[116],"integral":[117],"part":[118],"economic":[120],"analysis?":[121],"Historians":[122],"writing":[125],"a":[126,136,140],"few":[127,141],"decades":[128],"now":[130],"may":[131],"able":[133],"provide":[135],"proper":[137],"answer.":[138],"But":[139],"speculations":[142],"offered":[145],"now.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
